Earth Sciences Commons^™

Runoff From Fescue Plots Treated With Trimec, Cristopher G. Moss, Dwayne R. Edwards, Stephen R. Workman, R. Michael Williams

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Runoff of herbicides can promote adverse impacts in receiving waters. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of rainfall delay, herbicide application rate, rainfall intensity, and pre-application rainfall on runoff of TRIMEC (a combination of 2,4-D, dicamba, and mecoprop), a herbicide that is commonly used in central Kentucky. The levels of rainfall delay were 0, 2, and 4 d following application; and the levels of herbicide application rate were 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 times the recommended rate. Simulated rainfall was applied at intensities of 64, 102, and 140 mm h^-1; and the depths of …

Vegetation Trend In The East Kimberley Region : An Analysis Of Ground Monitoring Data From 1991-1998, Noelene Duckett, Paul Novelly, Ian Watson

Research Reports

This document summarises the analyses carried out on the ground monitoring data from the Kimberley region of Western Australia as part of the Natural Heritage Trust project 953024 - ‘'Development of Information Products for Reporting Rangeland Changes.”

Observations Of Shallow Groundwater Contamination Due To Leakage Of Dairy Effluent Ponds On The Swan Coastal Plain, Wa, Richard J. George Dr, D L. Bennett, J R M Bell, Roger Wrigley

Resource management technical reports

In response to the risk of pollution of surface water from farm runoff, dairy farmers have been encouraged to install effluent storage ponds. Previous research has indicated that leachate from these storages can contribute to groundwater contamination. This project assessed the performance of storages at eight sites on the Swan Coastal Plain (SCP), WA. Groundwater conditions were monitored for over three years to study the influence of soil type, water table depth and waste water characteristics.

Modeling Surface And Subsurface Pesticide Transport Under Three Field Conditions Using Przm-3 And Gleams, Robert W. Malone, Richard C. Warner, Stephen R. Workman, Matt E. Byers

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Contaminant transport models should be evaluated over a wide range of conditions to determine their limitations. The models PRZM and GLEAMS have been evaluated many times, but few studies are available in which predicted movement in runoff and percolate were simultaneously evaluated against field data. Studies of this type are essential because pesticide leaching and runoff are mutually dependent processes. For this reason, PRZM-3 and GLEAMS were evaluated for their ability to predict metribuzin concentrations in runoff, sediment, subsurface soil, and pan lysimeters under three field conditions (yard waste compost amended, no-till, and conventional-till) on a Lowell silt loam soil. …

Results Of The Improved Soil Management & Cropping Systems For Waterlog-Prone Soils Project, Derk Bakker, G J. Hamilton, Peter I. Tipping, Cliff Spann, Doug Rowe

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

The Salinity And Hydrology Of The Upper Slab Hut Catchment, R Ferdowsian, A T. Ryder

Resource management technical reports

No abstract provided.

Liming Of Vineyard Soils, Thomas J. Rice

Earth and Soil Sciences

Liming vineyard soils to increase soil pH and raise calcium levels has been practiced for centuries in the humid areas of the world where soils tend to be more acid. Today, liming is increasingly practiced in the semiarid central coast regions of California, where liming of vineyards was unheard of even a decade ago.
Past agricultural practices, such as the addition of sulfur, acid-forming nitrogen fertilizers, and organic soil amendments, have caused soil acidification. Previously, most of these lands were either open space, range lands, or planted to grain crops.
To avoid unnecessary expense and protect the soil from environmental …

Influence Of Nitrogen Rate And Sampling Date On Soil Analysis Values Of Highbush Blueberries, John R. Clark, Ronald W. Mcnew, Richard C. Maples

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Three studies were conducted on nitrogen (N) fertilization effects on soil of highbush blueberries in Arkansas. Objectives included: 1) determination of varying N rate effects on the standard soil analysis variables, 2) determination of date of soil sampling effects on soil analyses, 3) evaluation of the interactions of N rate and time of sampling, and 4) determination of changes in soil content over years. This research was done in two of the more important highbush blueberry production areas in Arkansas: the Arkansas River Valley where blueberries are grown on sandy loam soils, and northwest Arkansas where production is more common …

Molecular Characterization Of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Based On The Genes Encoding Ammonia Monooxygenase, Jose Javier Alzerreca

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are chemolithotrophs that oxidize ammonia/ammonium to nitrite in a two-step process to obtain energy for survival. AOB are difficult to isolate from the environment and iso lated strains may not represent the diversity in soil. A genetic database and molecular tools were developed based on the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) encoding genes that can be used to assess the diversity of AOB that exist in soil and aquatic environments without the isolation of pure cultures. The amo genes have excellent potential as molecular markers; since AMO is only found in the AOB and is essential for their metabolism, …

Stratal Architecture In A Prograding Shoreface Deposit, Eastern Shore, Va: Relationship To Grain Size, Permeability, And Facies Distribution, Andrew C. Miller

OES Theses and Dissertations

A fundamental concern of the stratigrapher is to develop predictive models of stratigraphic organization. In sedimentology one of the most significant problems that has yet to be resolved is the fact that there is a lack of quantitative information regarding the relationship between geometry of beds, thickness of beds, grain size and sedimentary structures in sandy environments, especially shallow marine deposits. Scientists have also realized the need to correlate quantitative permeability to sedimentary structures and scales of stratigraphic organization. The purpose of the study is to investigate the scales of stratigraphic organization that control the variation of grain size and …

Effects Of Organic Matter And Iron-Rich Clay On Mobility Of Trace Metals From Flue Dust Contaminated Soil, Scott Ephraim Lewis

OES Theses and Dissertations

The enhanced leaching of trace metals through soil becomes a concern for human health if dissolved trace metals reach groundwater and migrate into a public water system. A serial batch extraction procedure was implemented to determine the effects of Vitagrow © organic matter and Fe-Rich TM clay on the mobility of trace metals (Zn, Pb, and Cd) from a flue dust treated (0, 600, 1200, and 2400 μgig Zn) Appling soil.

The addition of an organic matter (OM) amendment to the Appling soil enhanced Pb mobility and reduced soluble Zn and Cd. In general, average solution concentrations of trace metals …

Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1998, Wayne Sabbe

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts also be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies contained within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university’s research efforts. Additionally, soil test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.

Land Evaluation Standards For Land Resource Mapping : Guidelines For Assessing Land Qualities And Determining Land Capability In South-West Western Australia, Dennis Van Gool, Geoff Allan Moore

Resource management technical reports

Updated by report 298, van Gool, D, Tille, P J, and Moore, G A. (2005)
This report provides a standard method for attributing and evaluating digital land resource maps in Western Australia so that strategic decisions about the management, development and consevation of land resources can be based on the best information available. The standards update the generic methodology described by Wells and King (1989) which have been used routinely for the assessment of land resources in catchment and land use planning in Western Australia.

Marketing Alfalfa Hay: What The Consumer Demands, Tom Keene

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Anytime we address selling a product to the consumer; our first objective should always be to sell a quality product. However before we get into quality, I think we need to back up and understand that quality can vary from customer to customer depending upon the type of livestock he is feeding. For instance, if you are selling hay to a dairy operation, how is the hay being utilized? Is it being fed free choice? Is it going into a milking TMR (total mixed ration)? Is it going to feed young stock, breeding heifers, or sick animals? Each group of …

How I Produce And Market Alfalfa Hay, John Nowak

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

John Nowak was born March 22, 1947, in New York City and was raised in Westchester County, just north of New York City. After graduating from Colorado State University with a B.S. degree in farm and ranch management, he entered the U.S. Army. John served on active duty from 1969 until 1978. In 1975, his Army career brought him to Fort Campbell, Kentucky, and he began farming part-time in Christian County in 1976. As with many "start-from-scratch" farmers, John's first farming efforts involved producing burley tobacco during the years 1976 through 1979. In 1979, he began a cow-calf and backgrounding …

Grazing Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is a high yielding, high quality, deep-rooted, versatile forage legume well adapted throughout the U.S. Gains per animal and per acre can be excellent with acceptable stand persistence when present technology is used. Is grazing alfalfa right for everyone? No. Is grazing alfalfa right for you? Only you can answer that question. This presentation attempts to give you information that will hopefully help you with that answer.

What I Have Learned From 4 Years Of Alfalfa Grazing Tolerance Variety Trials, Jimmy C. Henning, Robert Spitaleri, Garry D. Lacefield, Charles T. Dougherty

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

There has been interest in alfalfa varieties that would tolerate grazing for some time. The spreading type alfalfas (such as Rambler, Spredor 2, Travois) have long been generally promoted as being tolerant of grazing. Over the years, most selection for tolerance to grazing was done using frequent clipping to simulate grazing.

Studies conducted at the University of Georgia in the 1980's found that alfalfa varieties performed differently when grazed frequently compared to clipping frequently. This line of research eventually led to the release of 'AlfaGraze' alfalfa which was the first variety ever to be selected primarily by overgrazing by livestock. …

Practical And Economical Ways To Increase Alfalfa Hay Drying Rates, Michael Collins

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Hay stores well for long periods and is better suited to cash sale and transportation than silage and remains the most popular method for harvesting the alfalfa crop. Rapid drying reduces field losses by reducing respiration and by reducing the incidence of rain damage during curing. Because of these factors, harvest losses are greatest for very dry forage and are low for very wet material like direct cut silage. However, the latter is subject to excessive storage losses due to seepage and to quality deterioration. Storage losses are generally minimized by harvesting at low moisture levels.

Alfalfa Following Alfalfa: What Works And What Doesn't Work?, Monroe Rasnake

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Farmers often would like to go directly back into alfalfa when an old stand plays out. However, research has shown that it is often difficult to get new stands established when this is done. Some of the problems may be attributed to weeds, insects and diseases that build up over time and become difficult to control. Another reason is that alfalfa plants have been shown to produce chemical compounds that can inhibit germination and growth of new seedlings. This effect is called allelopathy or autotoxicity.

Secrets To Getting A Good Stand Of Alfalfa, Jimmy C. Henning, Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Getting a good stand of alfalfa quickly is very important to Kentucky because it is the highest yielding, highest quality forage crop. In addition, it can be used in many different ways. Cool wet springs and hot dry falls have caused alfalfa seedings to fail in recent years. It would be easy to begin to believe that there was some 'magic' step or ingredient that has been missing. There are no magic steps to getting a good stand. Attention to a few major details can help maximize your chances of success.

What Grasses Work Best With Alfalfa?, Timothy D. Phillips

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Alfalfa is the "queen" of forages, but many situations exist where it is desirable or necessary to grow alfalfa in a mixture with a forage grass rather in monoculture. Some of the reasons to grow grass with alfalfa are: improved yield (in terms of tons of dry matter produced), better seasonal yield distribution, better weed control, potential pest reduction, erosion prevention, bloat risk reduction, and accelerated hay-drying rates. Conversely, there are some factors that favor alfalfa monoculture. These include: lower forage quality, especially in terms of protein content; more difficult management requirements (herbicide use, fertilization, and harvest timing); and, lower …

Foreword [1999], Garry D. Lacefield

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

This is the front matter of the proceedings.

Crop Updates 1999 - Cereals, Len W. Broadbridge, Doug Abrecht, D. Bakker, Greg Hamilton, Cliff Spann, Doug Rowe, Peter Fisher, Jennifer Bignell, Matthew Braimbridge, Bill Bowden, Ross Brennan, Reg Lunt, Senthold Asseng, Cherie Rowles, Simon Bedbrook, Chris Gazey, Mike Bolland, Garren Knell, Lyn Abbott, Zed Rengel, Wayne Pluske, Erin Cahill, Bill Crabtree, Matthew Evans, Tim Nielsen, Jat Bhathal, Rob Loughman, D. Rasmussen, Roger Jones, Sean Kelly, Ian Riley, Sharyn Tayor, Vivien Vanstone, Dominie Wright, Debbie Thackray, Simon Mckirdy, George Yan, Robin Wilson, Iain Barclay, Robin Mclean, Dean Diepeveen, Bill Lambe, Wal Anderson, Brenda Shackley, Mechelle Owen, Peter Burgess, Ben Curtis, Mohammed A. Hamza, Jamie Henderson, Frank Boetel, Alfredo Impiglia, Frances Hoyle, Darshan Sharma, Pierre Fievez, Blakely Paynter, Glen Mcdonald, Kevin Young, Andrew Blake, Keith Devenish, Perry Dolling, Roy Latta, Lisa-Jane Blacklow, Chris Matthews, Angelo Loi, Brad Nutt, Rochelle Mcrobb, David Webb, Andrew Mcrobb, Clinton Revell, James Ridsdill-Smith, Celia Pavri, David Tennant, Darryl Mclements, Ross Thompson, Mike Ewing, Tim Woodburn, Paul Yeoh, James Fisher, Art Diggle, Mark Whitten, Andrew Rate, Paul Carlile, Ed Blanchard, Bevan Buirchell, Lorraine Osborne, Tress Walmsley, Terry Piper, Cameron Weeks, Michael Dodd, Amanda Falconer, Caroline Peek, Glenn Adam, Camray Gethin, Richard Guinness, Daniel Fels, Andrew Rintoul, Mal Lamond, Roger Tapp, Craig White

Crop Updates

This article covers sixty papers

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

PLENARY PAPERS

1. Western Australia’s climate: trends and opportunities, Len W. Broadbridge, Director, Bureau of Meterorology

2. Managing seasonal variations in agriculture, Dr Doug Abrecht, Director, Dryland Research Institute, Merredin

CROP ESTABLISHMENT

3. Soil management to prevent waterlogging on duplex soils in the Great Southern, D. Bakker, Greg Hamilton, Cliff Spann and Doug Rowe, Agriculture Western Australia

4. The influence of no-till and press wheels on crop production for heavy soils, Peter Fisher, Jennifer Bignell, Matthew Braimbridge, Greg Hamilton, Agriculture

Western Australia

NUTRITION

5. Fertiliser nitrogen, applied late, needs …

Crop Updates 1999 - Oilseeds, Paul Carmody, Rick Madin, David Bowran, Martin Barbetti, Ravjit Khangura, Graham Walton, Phil Parker, Francoise Berlandier, Linnet Cartwright, Ping Si, Nick Galwey, David Turner, Wayne Pluske, Roger Jones, Brenda Coutts, Bill Bowden, Isabel Arevalo-Vigne, Jeff Russell, Syed H. Zaheer, Andrew Simon, Art Diggle, Dave Eksteen, Arjen Ryder, Bill Crabtree, Serena Wyatt, Jim Baily

Crop Updates

This article contains eighteen papers

1. INTRODUCTION, Paul Carmody, Agriculture Western Australia

PLENARY SESSION

1. Transgenic canola in Western Australia: Outlook and challenges, Phil Salisbury, University of Melbourne

2. Farming system issues for herbicide tolerant canola, Rick Madin, Rick Madin and Associates, David Bowran, Agriculture Western Australia

3. Beating blackleg in 1999, Martin Barbetti, Ravjit Khangura, Paul Carmody, Graham Walton, Agriculture Western Australia

4. The Mustard Industry in Australia – Opportunities for a new oilseed, Phil Parker, NSW Agriculture

5. Management of blackleg with fungicides, Ravjit Khangura and Martin Barbetti, Agriculture Western Australia

6. Effect of aphid feeding …

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Test-Hole Drilling Program In Nebraska, Duane R. Mohlman

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

Lime Rate Adjustments Based On Rnv And Depth, William O. Thom

Soil Science News and Views

Agricultural limestone quality is measured by its neutralizing value and fineness of grind. Neutralizing value is determined by calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE). The higher the CCE, the greater the limestone’s ability to neutralize soil acidity. Reaction rate in the soil is affected by fineness of grind, with finer materials reacting faster with a soil to increase pH. Methods have been developed to calculate efficiency factors that involve using both CCE and material fineness. Regardless of the aglime material used, when the same amount of effective neutralizing material is applied and mixed thoroughly with the soil, the pH change in the …

Subsoiling Of No-Tilled Corn, Lloyd W. Murdock

Soil Science News and Views

No-tillage corn production has become very popular in Kentucky because of the advantages it offers producers. Currently, over half of the corn in Kentucky is planted by this method and even a higher percentage is no-till planted on erodible lands. Because of this, many fields have received little tillage in the last 10 to 20 years. Many producers wonder if soil compaction increases with time on these long-term no-tilled fields due to annual trafficking by heavy equipment. Subsoiling implements have become available that allow subsurface tillage while preserving the surface mulch layer. This practice allows for continued no-till planting while …

No Tillage Use For Crop Production In Kentucky Counties In 1998, Gerald R. Haszler

Soil Science News and Views

For the past several years, we have reported the status of no~tillage adoption in Kentucky counties. Now, CTICt has published the results for 1998. In 1994, 44% of all crops were produced under no tillage in Kentucky, whereas in 1996, that figure had reached 51 % . In 1997, it dropped to 48% and remains at 48% for 1998. Results for the leading no-till states for 1994, 1996, 1997 and 1998 are shown in Table 1. The percentage of major grain crops (com, soybeans and small grains) grown under no tillage in Kentucky are shown by county in Figure 1. …

Western Australia Soil Acidity Research And Development Update 1999 : Time To Lime, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Bulletins 4000 -

We all know we have to apply lime as part of our farming systems. This means that a huge amount of lime will be applied to soils which have never had lime applied before.

One of the effects of this is that we can now consider thinking about introducing acid-sensitive systems to soils, which previously would have been considered too acid.

The other side of liming is that the pH changes affect many soil properties. There is an element of uncertainty about whether unforeseen side effects will emerge on our fragile soils as a result of this new practice.

The …

Dawson County Test Hole Logs, Frank A. Smith

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.