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Articles 1 - 4 of 4
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Impact Craters As Habitats For Life: Endolithic Colonization Of Shocked Gneiss From The Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada, Alexandra Janine Pontefract
Impact Craters As Habitats For Life: Endolithic Colonization Of Shocked Gneiss From The Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada, Alexandra Janine Pontefract
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Meteorite impacts are ubiquitous throughout our solar system and are a fundamental geological process on rocky and icy planetary bodies. Though initially detrimental to biology, an impact event can favourably change the availability and habitability of a substrate for endolithic organisms, which are then able to (re)colonize micro-fractures and pore spaces created during the impact. The colonization of rocks by endolithic communities is an advantageous trait, especially in environments such as hot or cold deserts, where temperature shifts, low water availability and high UV indices pose a significant problem. On Mars, similar conditions – albeit, more extreme – prevail. In …
Stable Isotope Ecology And Human-Animal Interactions In Northern Peru, Paul Szpak
Stable Isotope Ecology And Human-Animal Interactions In Northern Peru, Paul Szpak
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This dissertation addresses several issues related to isotopic ecology in northern Peru. The first portion of the dissertation focuses on baseline carbon and nitrogen isotopic variability in plants for comparison with paleodietary data. The second portion applies these data to assess animal management practices (camelids) in the Virú Valley on the north coast of Peru using isotopic analysis of bone collagen and serially sampled hair. A detailed survey of plants from the Moche River Valley region demonstrates significant east-west variation in plant carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions, following changes in altitude from the Pacific coast to the highlands. A growth …
Microbially Induced Magnesium Carbonation Reactions As A Strategy For Carbon Sequestration In Ultramafic Mine Tailings, Jenine Mccutcheon
Microbially Induced Magnesium Carbonation Reactions As A Strategy For Carbon Sequestration In Ultramafic Mine Tailings, Jenine Mccutcheon
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has increased due to anthropogenic fossil fuel combustion, causing higher global temperatures and other negative environmental effects. CO2 sequestration through carbonate mineralisation provides a stable, long term carbon sink. A natural hydromagnesite playa (Atlin, British Columbia, Canada) demonstrates the ability of phototrophic microorganisms to accelerate magnesium carbonate mineralisation. The site’s biogeochemistry was modeled in a 10 m flow-through bioreactor carbonation experiment, allowing for hydromagnesite precipitation conditions to be refined. Ultramafic mine tailings are a target substrate for carbonation reactions due to their high magnesium content. A synthetic mine leach water, designed …
The Biogeochemical Cycling Of Gold Under Surface And Near-Surface Environmental Conditions, Jeremiah P. Shuster
The Biogeochemical Cycling Of Gold Under Surface And Near-Surface Environmental Conditions, Jeremiah P. Shuster
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The mobility of gold at near-surface environmental conditions, e.g., supergene weathering environments, lateritic weathering systems, saline to hypersaline systems and placer gold environments, takes place as oxidised, soluble gold complexes and as reduced elemental gold. The transformation between aqueous and solid states of gold is attributed to the varying geochemical conditions that occur in dynamic environments that are catalysed in part by the biosphere. The primary focus of this research is the investigation of biogeochemical processes that contribute to the cycling of gold using laboratory models to represent various natural systems including chemolithotrophic bacteria, e.g., iron-oxidising bacteria, and heterotrophic sulphate-reducing …