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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Earth Sciences
Umphlett Qci Dec 2013, Natalie A. Umphlett
Umphlett Qci Dec 2013, Natalie A. Umphlett
High Plains Regional Climate Center: Personnel Publications
Highlights for the Basin
Temperature and Precipitation Anomalies
Soil Moisture
September Flooding in Colorado
Early October Blizzard
3-Month Precipitation and Temperature Outlooks
U.S. Seasonal Drought Outlook
Kinetic Fractionation Of Gases By Deep Air Convection In Polar Firn, K. Kawamura, J. P. Severinghaus, M. R. Albert, Z. R. Courville
Kinetic Fractionation Of Gases By Deep Air Convection In Polar Firn, K. Kawamura, J. P. Severinghaus, M. R. Albert, Z. R. Courville
Dartmouth Scholarship
A previously unrecognized type of gas fractiona- tion occurs in firn air columns subjected to intense convec- tion. It is a form of kinetic fractionation that depends on the fact that different gases have different molecular diffusivi- ties. Convective mixing continually disturbs diffusive equi- librium, and gases diffuse back toward diffusive equilibrium under the influence of gravity and thermal gradients. In near- surface firn where convection and diffusion compete as gas transport mechanisms, slow-diffusing gases such as krypton (Kr) and xenon (Xe) are more heavily impacted by convec- tion than fast diffusing gases such as nitrogen (N2) and ar- gon …
Planning And Drought, James C. Schwab
Planning And Drought, James C. Schwab
National Drought Mitigation Center: Publications
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Drought: The Problem.............................................. 1
Water Impacts ............................................................................... 2
Public Health Impacts ......................................................... 4
Environmental Impacts ..................................................... 5
Built Environment Impacts................................................ 6
Secondary Hazards ......................................................... 9
Economic Impacts ................................................................... 10
Drought as a Challenge for Planners .......................................... 13
Chapter 2: Drought: The Knowledge Base ................................................... 15
Spatial and Seasonal Patterns of Drought ................................................................ 16
Drought and Climate Changes .................................................................................. 19
Tracking Drought: Tools and Resources ................................................................... 20
Using the Drought Resources Toolbox...................................................................... 22
Droughtscape- Fall 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape- Fall 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
CONTENTS
Director’s Report ....................1
Kansas community drought planning workshop Nov. 5 ...... 2
Drought impacts webinars .....3
Drought outlook & summary ... 4
Late summer drought brings more agricultural impacts ....... 6
Plans help ranchers weather drought ................................. 10
NDMC contributions to U2U project ..................................12
Drought Management Database archives strategies................13
QuickDRI will help spot flash droughts................................ 14
NDMC Co-Hosts NASA work- shop......................................15
Wilhite leads Integrated Drought Management Program work....... 15
Speaking of drought ............ 16
Managing #Drought tweet chat transcript ..............................17
Updated USDM website ....... 17
Incorporating Satellite Derived Cloud Climatologies To Improve High Resolution Interpolation Of Daily Precipitation., Adam M. Wilson, Benoit Parmentier, Brian Mcgill, Rob Guralnick, Walter Jetz
Incorporating Satellite Derived Cloud Climatologies To Improve High Resolution Interpolation Of Daily Precipitation., Adam M. Wilson, Benoit Parmentier, Brian Mcgill, Rob Guralnick, Walter Jetz
Yale Day of Data
Conservation of biodiversity demands comprehension of evolutionary and ecological patterns and processes that occur over vast spatial and temporal scales. A central goal of ecology is to understand the factors that control the spatial distribution of species and this has become even more important in the face of climate change. However, at global scales there can be enormous uncertainty in environmental data used to model species distributions. Even ‘simple’ metrics such as mean annual precipitation are difficult to estimate in areas with few weather stations and available data sets do not quantify uncertainty in these surfaces. We are developing a …
Evaluating Predictability In The Community Earth System Model In Response To The Eruption Of Mount Pinatubo, Abigail Laurel Gaddis
Evaluating Predictability In The Community Earth System Model In Response To The Eruption Of Mount Pinatubo, Abigail Laurel Gaddis
Doctoral Dissertations
A central goal of climate research is to determine the perceptible effects of climate change on humans; in other words, the regional and decadal scale effects of carbon dioxide forcing. Identifying the most pronounced and long-lasting responses of climate variables to forcing is important for decadal prediction since forcing terms are a source of predictability on those time scales. Powerful volcanic eruptions provide a transient forcing on the climate system, creating a test bed for climate models. In this study, the Mount Pinatubo eruption is simulated in the Community Earth System Model, CESM1.0, for three model configurations: fully coupled T85 …
The Influence Of Soil Organic Matter Stabilization Mechanisms On Carbon Mean Residence Time Within Various Ecosystems In The United States, Vicky Lynn Giese, Kate Heckman Phd
The Influence Of Soil Organic Matter Stabilization Mechanisms On Carbon Mean Residence Time Within Various Ecosystems In The United States, Vicky Lynn Giese, Kate Heckman Phd
STAR Program Research Presentations
Some terrestrial ecosystems and soils serve as carbon sinks, partially offsetting rising atmospheric CO2 levels. Physiochemical mechanisms of soil organic matter (SOM) stabilization affect how carbon stocks respond to global warming. In order to clarify the variance in SOM stabilization mechanisms across different soil types, SOM abundance, distribution and mean residence time (MRT) were compared for thirty-two soil samples from six ecosystems across the United States. Soils were previously described, collected and archived by the United States Geological Survey. Samples were processed by LLNL at the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CAMS) using density fractionation to separate particulate organics …
Climate Change On The Prairie: A Basic Guide To Climate Change In The High Plains Region - Update, Lincoln, Ne
Climate Change On The Prairie: A Basic Guide To Climate Change In The High Plains Region - Update, Lincoln, Ne
High Plains Regional Climate Center: Personnel Publications
Global Climate Change
Climate Change in the United States
Historical Climate Trends in the High Plains Region
Historical Climate Trends in the High Plains Region
High Plains Region Update: 2010-2012
New Tool: Climate Impact Reporter
Climate Change Projections and Possible Impacts
Climate Change Projections and Possible Impacts
Droughtscape- Summer 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape- Summer 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
CONTENTS
Director’s Report ....................1
July 25 webinar: Drought management database, NIDIS update..................................... 2
Republican River Basin workshops July 31, August 1.......... 3
Summer climate outlook, spring summary ................................. 4
Spring impacts: wildfire, water, agriculture and business.........6
Data help managers assess Nebraska groundwater declines after drought of 2012........... 10
Tadesse helps Mexico with Veg- DRI concept..........................14
Visiting scholar explores remote sensing of drought in forests....... 15
U.S. Drought Monitor Forum photo recap, details online............ 16
Workshop helps New Mexico ranchers cope with drought ........... 18
Alabama’s new drought plan......... 19
National Drought Forum report........... 19
Drought Impacts Community of Practice report …
Discontinuities And Alfvenic Fluctuations In The Solar Wind, G. Paschmann, S. Haaland, B. Sonnerup, T. Knetter
Discontinuities And Alfvenic Fluctuations In The Solar Wind, G. Paschmann, S. Haaland, B. Sonnerup, T. Knetter
Dartmouth Scholarship
We examine the Alfvenicity of a set of 188 solar wind directional discontinuities (DDs) identified in the Cluster data from 2003 by Knetter (2005), with the objective of separating rotational discontinuities (RDs) from tangential ones (TDs). The DDs occurred over the full range of solar wind velocities and magnetic shear angles. By performing the Walen test in the de Hoffmann–Teller (HT) frame, we show that 77 of the 127 crossings for which a good HT frame was found had plasma flow speeds exceeding 80 % of the Alfven speed at an average angular deviation of 7.7◦; 33 cases had speeds …
Droughtscape- Spring 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape- Spring 2013, National Drought Mitigation Center
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
CONTENTS
Director’s report........................................................................................................1
First quarter climate summary and outlook ........................................................... 2
Impacts: Crop indemnities set records in 2012; water conflicts escalating ............ 4
International meeting recommends countries have drought policies ..................... 8
NDMC plays key role in international drought policy meeting ............................. 9
EDEN and VOAD guide helps build community drought capacity.....................10
Svoboda, other experts and policymakers focus on food and water security.......11
New Mexico ranching workshop set for May 29 in Socorro ................................. 12
Ranch planning updates: archived webinars, new publications ........................... 12
Tune in to the US Drought Monitor Forum, April 16-18.....................................13
Archived webinar looks at using drought …
On The Lack Of Stratospheric Dynamical Variability In Low‐Top Versions Of The Cmip5 Models, Andrew J. Charlton-Perez, Mark P. Baldwin, Thomas Birner, Robert X. Black, Amy H. Butler, Natalia Calvo, Nicholas A. Davis, Edwin P. Gerber, Nathan Gillett, Steven Hardiman, Junsu Kim, Kirsten Krüger, Yun-Young Lee, Elisa Manzini, Brent A. Mcdaniel, Lorenzo Polvani, Thomas Reichler, Tiffany A. Shaw, Michael Sigmond, Seok-Woo Son, Matthew Toohey, Laura Wilcox, Shigeo Yoden, Bo Christiansen, François Lott, Drew Shindell, Seiji Yukimoto, Shingo Watanabe
On The Lack Of Stratospheric Dynamical Variability In Low‐Top Versions Of The Cmip5 Models, Andrew J. Charlton-Perez, Mark P. Baldwin, Thomas Birner, Robert X. Black, Amy H. Butler, Natalia Calvo, Nicholas A. Davis, Edwin P. Gerber, Nathan Gillett, Steven Hardiman, Junsu Kim, Kirsten Krüger, Yun-Young Lee, Elisa Manzini, Brent A. Mcdaniel, Lorenzo Polvani, Thomas Reichler, Tiffany A. Shaw, Michael Sigmond, Seok-Woo Son, Matthew Toohey, Laura Wilcox, Shigeo Yoden, Bo Christiansen, François Lott, Drew Shindell, Seiji Yukimoto, Shingo Watanabe
Faculty and Research Publications
We describe the main differences in simulations of stratospheric climate and variability by models within the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that have a model top above the stratopause and relatively fine stratospheric vertical resolution (high-top), and those that have a model top below the stratopause (low-top). Although the simulation of mean stratospheric climate by the two model ensembles is similar, the low-top model ensemble has very weak stratospheric variability on daily and interannual time scales. The frequency of major sudden stratospheric warming events is strongly underestimated by the low-top models with less than half the frequency of events …
Droughtscape- Winter 2013, Kelly Smith
Droughtscape- Winter 2013, Kelly Smith
Droughtscape, Quarterly Newsletter of NDMC, 2007-
CONTENTS
Director’s report...................................................................................1
Climatological overview of drought in 2012 ...................................... 2
Climatological overview of drought, Oct.-Dec. 2012.........................5
Impacts of drought in 2012 ................................................................. 6
Drought planning webinars scheduled for ranch advisors ..............10
UNL honors NDMC for exceptional service ...................................10
Report from the emerging community of drought planners ...........11
Feb. 6 webinar on drought simulations ............................................ 11
Climate Masters course starting ......................................................12
Climate Change in the Midwest book includes drought ................12
Video highlights from coverage of drought of 2012..........................13
U.S. Drought Monitor Forum 2013 .................................................. 13
UN’s High Level Meeting on National Drought Policy .................... 14
NDMC collaboration with India, Czech …
Black Carbon Measurements Of Snow And Ice Using The Single Particle Soot Photometer: Method Development And An Ad 1852-1999 Record Of Atmospheric Black Carbon From A Mount Logan Ice Core, James Andrew Menking
Black Carbon Measurements Of Snow And Ice Using The Single Particle Soot Photometer: Method Development And An Ad 1852-1999 Record Of Atmospheric Black Carbon From A Mount Logan Ice Core, James Andrew Menking
All Master's Theses
Black carbon (BC), produced by the combustion of fossil and biofuels, warms the climate by absorbing solar radiation when in the atmosphere and by reducing the albedo of snow and ice when deposited. Measuring BC in snow and ice is important for estimating albedo reduction and developing historical records of BC concentration. Experiments were conducted to further develop a method for measuring BC in snow and ice using the Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2). Results suggest the optimal procedures for sample storage, treatment, and nebulization, and analysis and calibration of BC concentrations measured using the SP2 coupled to a CETAC …
Interactions Between African Easterly Waves And Moist Convection, Matthew Adam Janiga
Interactions Between African Easterly Waves And Moist Convection, Matthew Adam Janiga
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
African easterly waves (AEWs) over tropical Africa and the East Atlantic influence and are themselves influenced by moist convection. Data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, reanalyses, and in-situ observations are used to examine both directions of this two-way interaction.
Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions From A Waste Lagoon, Arturo I. Quintanar, Rezaul Mamood, Nanh Lovanh, Justin M. Rawley, Evi Becerra-Acosta, John H. Loughrin
Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions From A Waste Lagoon, Arturo I. Quintanar, Rezaul Mamood, Nanh Lovanh, Justin M. Rawley, Evi Becerra-Acosta, John H. Loughrin
High Plains Regional Climate Center: Personnel Publications
A cost-effective approach was used to investigate the relationship between emission of the greenhouse gases (GHG), namely, CO2, CH4, and N2O and energy fluxes from a swine waste lagoon. Energy fluxes were calculated using the Penman method. The energy fluxes showed a diurnal pattern as expected of such fluxes. We found that air temperature and latent energy, lagoon surface temperature and solar radiation, as well as air temperature and wind speed can be used to predict for CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions, respectively. Comparison of observed and predicted …
Climate Change: What Does It Mean For Nebraska?, Martha D. Shulski, Natalie A. Umphlett, Tapan B. Pathak, Kenneth G. Hubbard
Climate Change: What Does It Mean For Nebraska?, Martha D. Shulski, Natalie A. Umphlett, Tapan B. Pathak, Kenneth G. Hubbard
High Plains Regional Climate Center: Personnel Publications
Because Nebraska’s location on the North American continent is far removed from large bodies of water, Nebraskans experience a strong continental type climate. As such, residents do not benefit from the moderating influence of the ocean, and temperatures can have wide swings from day to day and season to season. Typical characteristics for a continental climate at this latitude are large temperature variability with warm summers dominated by convective thunderstorms, and cold winters influenced by snow and wind from mid-latitude cyclones.
Regional Climate Trends And Scenarios For The U.S. National Climate Assessment Part 4. Climate Of The U.S. Great Plains, Kenneth E. Kunkel, Laura E. Stevens, Scott E. Stevens, Liqiang Sun, Emily Janssen, Donald Wuebbles, Michael C. Kruk, Devin Thomas, Martha Shulski, Natalie A. Umphlett, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Kevin Robbins, Luigi Romolo, Adnan Akyuz, Tapan B. Pathak, Tony R. Bergantino, J. Greg Dobson
Regional Climate Trends And Scenarios For The U.S. National Climate Assessment Part 4. Climate Of The U.S. Great Plains, Kenneth E. Kunkel, Laura E. Stevens, Scott E. Stevens, Liqiang Sun, Emily Janssen, Donald Wuebbles, Michael C. Kruk, Devin Thomas, Martha Shulski, Natalie A. Umphlett, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Kevin Robbins, Luigi Romolo, Adnan Akyuz, Tapan B. Pathak, Tony R. Bergantino, J. Greg Dobson
High Plains Regional Climate Center: Personnel Publications
This document is one of series of regional climate descriptions designed to provide input that can be used in the development of the National Climate Assessment (NCA). As part of a sustained assessment approach, it is intended that these documents will be updated as new and well-vetted model results are available and as new climate scenario needs become clear. It is also hoped that these documents (and associated data and resources) are of direct benefit to decision makers and communities seeking to use this information in developing adaptation plans.
There are nine reports in this series, one each for eight …
Cave Ventilation Is Influenced By Variations In The Co2-Dependent Virtual Temperature, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Penélope Serrano-Ortiz, Francisco Domingo, Andrew S. Kowalski
Cave Ventilation Is Influenced By Variations In The Co2-Dependent Virtual Temperature, Enrique P. Sánchez-Cañete, Penélope Serrano-Ortiz, Francisco Domingo, Andrew S. Kowalski
International Journal of Speleology
Dynamics and drivers of ventilation in caves are of growing interest for different fields of science. Accumulated CO2 in caves can be exchanged with the atmosphere, modifying the internal CO2 content, affecting stalagmite growth rates, deteriorating rupestrian paintings or creating new minerals. Current estimates of cave ventilation neglect the role of high CO2 concentrations in determining air density – approximated via the virtual temperature (Tv) –, affecting buoyancy and therefore the release or storage of CO2. Here we try to improve knowledge and understanding of cave ventilation through the use of T …
Characterization Of Aeolian Streamers Using Time-Average Videography, Douglas Sherman, Houser Chris, Jean Ellis, Eugene Farrell, Bailiang Li, Robin Davidson-Arnott, Andrea Baas, Luis Maia
Characterization Of Aeolian Streamers Using Time-Average Videography, Douglas Sherman, Houser Chris, Jean Ellis, Eugene Farrell, Bailiang Li, Robin Davidson-Arnott, Andrea Baas, Luis Maia
Jean Taylor Ellis
No abstract provided.