Computer Sciences Commons^™

The Critical Role Of Cubesat Spacecraft In A Multi-Tier Mission For Mars Exploration, Jeremy Straub

Jeremy Straub

A multi-tier architecture is under development (with similar craft heterogeneity to Fink's work on ‘tier scalable’ missions) which will facilitate autonomous local control of multiple heterogeneous craft. This mission architecture has been developed with a Mars mission in mind and has included CubeSats in a variety of critical mission roles.

Two concepts will be presented: the addition of CubeSats to a larger-scale multi-tier mission, where the CubeSats serve a supporting role and a mission driven by CubeSat orbital capabilities. In the first, CubeSats are utilized to augment the area of spatial coverage that can be obtained and the temporal coverage …

Ocena Wpływu Rozdzielczości Siatki Obliczeniowej Na Wyniki Modelowania Rozprzestrzeniania Się Zanieczyszczeń W Powietrzu, Mateusz Rzeszutek, Robert Oleniacz, Marian Mazur

Robert Oleniacz

In this study are presented the results of the assessment of the impact of grid resolution on the results of computational modeling of the dispersion of air pollutants. Calculations were performed using Gaussian, non-stationary puff model CALPUFF. Four different grids resolution were analyzed. Networks were established on the basis of SRTM3 terrain and land cover classes of CLC, 2006. Analysis of results of spatial distribution of concentrations of air pollutants obtained in a regular computing grid was performed using statistical indicators recommended by the U.S. EPA. The study shows the applicability of particular computational grids in the system modeling transport …

Accurate Local Estimation Of Geo-Coordinates For Social Media Posts, Derek Doran, Swapna S. Gokhale, Aldo Dagnino

Derek Doran

Associating geo-coordinates with the content of social media posts can enhance many existing applications and services and enable a host of new ones. Unfortunately, a majority of social media posts are not tagged with geo-coordinates. Even when location data is available, it may be inaccurate, very broad or sometimes fictitious. Contemporary location estimation approaches based on analyzing the content of these posts can identify only broad areas such as a city, which limits their usefulness. To address these shortcomings, this paper proposes a methodology to narrowly estimate the geo-coordinates of social media posts with high accuracy. The methodology relies solely …

Querie: Collaborative Database Exploration, Magdalini Eirinaki, Suju Abraham, Neoklis Polyzotis, Naushin Shaikh

Magdalini Eirinaki

Interactive database exploration is a key task in information mining. However, users who lack SQL expertise or familiarity with the database schema face great difficulties in performing this task. To aid these users, we developed the QueRIE system for personalized query recommendations. QueRIE continuously monitors the user’s querying behavior and finds matching patterns in the system’s query log, in an attempt to identify previous users with similar information needs. Subsequently, QueRIE uses these “similar” users and their queries to recommend queries that the current user may find interesting. In this work we describe an instantiation of the QueRIE framework, where …

Feedback Control For Multi-Modal Optimization Using Genetic Algorithms, Jun Shi, Ole J. Mengshoel, Dipan K. Pal

Ole J Mengshoel

Determination Of Optimal Spatial Databases For The Area Of Poland To The Calculation Of Air Pollutant Dispersion Using The Calmet/Calpuff Model, Robert Oleniacz, Mateusz Rzeszutek

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents a methodology for the preparation of three-dimensional spatial data and land use data for the purpose of modeling pollutant dispersion in the ambient air using a group of geophysical preprocessors of the CALMET/CALPUFF modeling system and the GIS software. Some space information data sources available to Poland were specified and their characteristics and availability were discussed. Particular attention was turned to the SRTM3 and GTOPO30 elevation data as well as the CLC2006 and GLCC land use data, for the preparation of computational grids of different resolutions. Groups of programs which can be used in order to form …

Co-Design Of Control And Platform With Dropped Signals, Damoon Soudbakhsh, Linh T.X. Phan, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee, Anuradha Annaswamy

Oleg Sokolsky

This paper examines a co-design of control and platform in the presence of dropped signals. In a cyber-physical system, due to increasing complexities such as the simultaneous control of several applications, limited resources, and complex platform architectures, some of the signals transmitted may often be dropped. In this paper, we address the challenges that arise both from the control design and the platform design point of view. A dynamic model is proposed that accommodates these drops, and a suitable switching control design is proposed. A Multiple Lyapunov function based approach is used to guarantee the stability of the system with …

Model-Based Development Of The Generic Pca Infusion Pump User Interface Prototype In Pvs, Paolo Masci, Anaheed Ayoub, Paul Curzon, Insup Lee, Oleg Sokolsky, Harold Thimbleby

Oleg Sokolsky

A realistic user interface is rigorously developed for the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Generic Patient Controlled Analgesia (GPCA) pump prototype. The GPCA pump prototype is intended as a realistic workbench for trialling development methods and techniques for improving the safety of such devices. A model-based approach based on the use of formal methods is illustrated and implemented within the Prototype Verification System (PVS) verification system. The user interface behaviour is formally specified as an executable PVS model. The specification is verified with the PVS theorem prover against relevant safety requirements provided by the FDA for the GPCA pump. …

Cache-Aware Compositional Analysis Of Real-Time Multicore Virtualization Platforms, Meng Xu, Linh T.X. Phan, Insup Lee, Oleg Sokolsky, Sisu Xi, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill

Oleg Sokolsky

Multicore processors are becoming ubiquitous, and it is becoming increasingly common to run multiple real-time systems on a shared multicore platform. While this trend helps to reduce cost and to increase performance, it also makes it more challenging to achieve timing guarantees and functional isolation. One approach to achieving functional isolation is to use virtualization. However, virtualization also introduces many challenges to the multicore timing analysis; for instance, the overhead due to cache misses becomes harder to predict, since it depends not only on the direct interference between tasks but also on the indirect interference between virtual processors and the …

Towards Synthesis Of Platform-Aware Attack-Resilient Control Systems: Extended Abstract, Miroslav Pajic, Nicola Bezzo, James Weimer, Rajeev Alur, Rahul Mangharam, Nathan Michael, George J. Pappas, Oleg Sokolsky, Paulo Tabuada, Stephanie Weirich, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

No abstract provided.

Platform-Dependent Code Generation For Embedded Real-Time Software, Baekgyu Kim, Linh T.X. Phan, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

Code generation for embedded systems is challenging, since the generated code (e.g., C code) is expected to run on a heterogeneous set of target platforms with different characteristics, such as hardware/software architectures and programming interfaces. We propose a code generation framework that provides the flexibility to generate different source code that is executable on each target platform. In our framework, the platform-dependent characteristics of a target platform are explicitly specified by an Architectural Analysis Description Language (AADL) model and a code snippet repository. The AADL model captures hardware/software architectural aspects of the platform, such as periodic/aperiodic threads and their interactions …

Linking Abstract Analysis To Concrete Design: A Hierarchical Approach To Verify Medical Cps Safety, Anitha Murugesan, Oleg Sokolsky, Sanjai Rayadurgam, Michael Whalen, Mats Heimdahl, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

Complex cyber-physical systems are typically hierarchically organized into multiple layers of abstraction in order to manage design complexity and provide verification tractability. Formal reasoning about such systems, therefore, necessarily involves the use of multiple modeling formalisms, verification paradigms, and concomitant tools, chosen as appropriate for the level of abstraction at which the analysis is performed. System properties verified using an abstract component specification in one paradigm must then be shown to logically follow from properties verified, possibly using a different paradigm, on a more concrete component description, if one is to claim that a particular component when deployed in the …

Assuring The Safety Of On-Demand Medical Cyber-Physical Systems, Andrew L. King, Lu Feng, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

We present an approach to establish safety of on-demand medical cyber-physical systems which are assembled to treat a patient in a specific clinical scenario. We treat such a system as a virtual medial device (VMD) and propose a model-based framework that includes a modeling language with formal semantics and a medical application platform (MAP) that provides the necessary deployment support for the VMD models.

Robustness Of Attack-Resilient State Estimators, Miroslav Pajic, James Weimer, Nicola Bezzo, Paulo Tabuada, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee, George Pappas

Oleg Sokolsky

The interaction between information technology and physical world makes Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) vulnerable to malicious attacks beyond the standard cyber attacks. This has motivated the need for attack-resilient state estimation. Yet, the existing state-estimators are based on the non-realistic assumption that the exact system model is known. Consequently, in this work we present a method for state estimation in presence of attacks, for systems with noise and modeling errors. When the the estimated states are used by a state-based feedback controller, we show that the attacker cannot destabilize the system by exploiting the difeerence between the model used for the …

Functional Alarms For Systems Of Interoperable Medical Devices, Krishna Venkatasubramanian, Eugene Vasserman, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

Alarms are essential for medical systems in order to ensure patient safety during deteriorating clinical situations and inevitable device malfunction. As medical devices are connected together to become interoperable, alarms become crucial part in making them high-assurance, in nature. Traditional alarm systems for interoperable medical devices have been patient-centric. In this paper, we introduce the need for an alarm system that focuses on the correct functionality of the interoperability architecture itself, along with several considerations and design challenges in enabling them.

Runtime Assurance Based On Formal Specifications, Insup Lee, Sampath Kannan, Moonjoo Kim, Oleg Sokolsky, Mahesh Viswanathan

Oleg Sokolsky

We describe the Monitoring and Checking (MaC) framework which assures the correctness of the current execution at run-time. Monitoring is performed based on a formal specification of system requirements. MaC bridges the gap between formal specification and verification, which ensures the correctness of a design rather than an implementation, and testing, which partially validates an implementation. An important aspect of the framework is a clear separation between implementation-dependent description of monitored objects and high-level requirements specification. Another salient feature is automatic instrumentation of executable code. The paper presents an overview of the framework and two languages to specify monitoring scripts …

As-Cred: Reputation And Alert Service For Inter-Domain Routing, Jian Chang, Krishna Venkatasubramanian, Andrew West, Sampath Kannan, Insup Lee, Boon Thau Loo, Oleg Sokolsky

Oleg Sokolsky

Being the backbone routing system of the Internet, the operational aspect of the inter-domain routing is highly complex. Building a trustworthy ecosystem for inter-domain routing requires the proper maintenance of trust relationships among tens of thousands of peer IP domains called Autonomous Systems (ASes). ASes today implicitly trust any routing information received from other ASes as part of the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) updates. Such blind trust is problematic given the dramatic rise in the number of anomalous updates being disseminated, which pose grave security consequences for the inter-domain routing operation. In this paper, we present ASCRED, an AS reputation …

Resilient Parameter-Invariant Control With Application To Vehicle Cruise Control, James Weimer, Nicola Bezzo, Miroslav Pajic, George J. Pappas, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

This work addresses the general problem of resilient control of unknown stochastic linear time-invariant (LTI) systems in the presence of sensor attacks. Motivated by a vehicle cruise control application, this work considers a first order system with multiple measurements, of which a bounded subset may be corrupted. A frequency-domain-designed resilient parameter-invariant controller is introduced that simultaneously minimizes the effect of corrupted sensors, while maintaining a desired closed-loop performance, invariant to unknown model parameters. Simulated results illustrate that the resilient parameter-invariant controller is capable of stabilizing unknown state disturbances and can perform state trajectory tracking.

Safety-Critical Medical Device Development Using The Upp2sf Model, Miroslav Pajic, Zhihao Jiang, Insup Lee, Oleg Sokolsky, Rahul Mangharam

Oleg Sokolsky

Software-based control of life-critical embedded systems has become increasingly complex, and to a large extent has come to determine the safety of the human being. For example, implantable cardiac pacemakers have over 80,000 lines of code which are responsible for maintaining the heart within safe operating limits. As firmware-related recalls accounted for over 41% of the 600,000 devices recalled in the last decade, there is a need for rigorous model-driven design tools to generate verified code from verified software models. To this effect we have developed the UPP2SF model-translation tool, which facilitates automatic conversion of verified models (in UPPAAL) to …

A Safety Argument Strategy For Pca Closed-Loop Systems: A Preliminary Proposal, Lu Feng, Andrew L. King, Sanjian Chen, Anaheed Ayoub, Junkil Park, Nicola Bezzo, Oleg Sokolsky, Insup Lee

Oleg Sokolsky

The emerging network-enabled medical devices impose new challenges for the safety assurance of medical cyber-physical systems (MCPS). In this paper, we present a case study of building a high-level safety argument for a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) closed-loop system, with the purpose of exploring potential methodologies for assuring the safety of MCPS.

Direct Neighbor Search, Jilian Zhang, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Hwee Hwa Pang

Kyriakos MOURATIDIS

In this paper we study a novel query type, called direct neighbor query. Two objects in a dataset are direct neighbors (DNs) if a window selection may exclusively retrieve these two objects. Given a source object, a DN search computes all of its direct neighbors in the dataset. The DNs define a new type of affinity that differs from existing formulations (e.g., nearest neighbors, nearest surrounders, reverse nearest neighbors, etc.) and finds application in domains where user interests are expressed in the form of windows, i.e., multi-attribute range selections. Drawing on key properties of the DN relationship, we develop an …

Budgeted Personalized Incentive Approaches For Smoothing Congestion In Resource Networks, Pradeep Varakantham, Na Fu, William Yeoh, Shih-Fen Cheng, Hoong Chuin Lau

Shih-Fen CHENG

Congestion occurs when there is competition for resources by sel sh agents. In this paper, we are concerned with smoothing out congestion in a network of resources by using personalized well-timed in- centives that are subject to budget constraints. To that end, we provide: (i) a mathematical formulation that computes equilibrium for the re- source sharing congestion game with incentives and budget constraints; (ii) an integrated approach that scales to larger problems by exploiting the factored network structure and approximating the attained equilib- rium; (iii) an iterative best response algorithm for solving the uncon- strained version (no budget) of the …

Multi-Agent Orienteering Problem With Time-Dependent Capacity Constraints, Cen Chen, Shih-Fen Cheng, Hoong Chuin Lau

Shih-Fen CHENG

The Orienteering Problem (OP), as originally defined by Tsiligirides, is the problem of cross-countr sport in which participants get rewards from visiting a predefined set of checkpoints. As Orienteering Problem can be used to describe a wide variety of real-world problems like route planning for facility inspection, patrolling of strategic location, and reward-weighted traveling salesman problem, it has attracted continuous interests from researchers and a large number of variants and corresponding algorithms for solving them have been introduced.

A Multi-Objective Memetic Algorithm For Vehicle Resource Allocation In Sustainable Transportation Planning, Hoong Chuin Lau, Lucas Agussurja, Shih-Fen Cheng, Pang Jin Tan

Shih-Fen CHENG

Sustainable supply chain management has been an increasingly important topic of research in recent years. At the strategic level, there are computational models which study supply and distribution networks with environmental considerations. At the operational level, there are, for example, routing and scheduling models which are constrained by carbon emissions. Our paper explores work in tactical planning with regards to vehicle resource allocation from distribution centers to customer locations in a multi-echelon logistics network. We formulate the bi-objective optimization problem exactly and design a memetic algorithm to efficiently derive an approximate Pareto front. We illustrate the applicability of our approach …

An Agent-Based Simulation Approach To Experience Management In Theme Parks, Shih-Fen Cheng, Larry Junjie Lin, Jiali Du, Hoong Chuin Lau, Pradeep Reddy Varakantham

Shih-Fen CHENG

In this paper, we illustrate how massive agent-based simulation can be used to investigate an exciting new application domain of experience management in theme parks, which covers topics like congestion control, incentive design, and revenue management. Since all visitors are heterogeneous and self-interested, we argue that a high-quality agent-based simulation is necessary for studying various problems related to experience management. As in most agent-base simulations, a sound understanding of micro-level behaviors is essential to construct high-quality models. To achieve this, we designed and conducted a first-of-its-kind real-world experiment that helps us understand how typical visitors behave in a theme-park environment. …

Interacting Knapsack Problem In Designing Resource Bundles, Truong Huy D. Nguyen, Pradeep Reddy Varakantham, Hoong Chuin Lau, Shih-Fen Cheng

Shih-Fen CHENG

In many real-life businesses, the service provider/seller keeps a log of the visitors’ behavior as a way to assess the efficiency of the current business/operation model and find room for improvement. For example, by tracking when visitors entering attractions in a theme park, theme park owners can detect when and where congestion may occur, thus having contingency plans to reroute the visitors accordingly. Similarly, a Cable TV service provider can track channel switching events at each household to identify uninteresting channels. Subsequently, the repertoire of channels up for subscription can evolve over time to better serve the entertainment demand of …

Understanding The Influence Of Blog On The Development Of Social Capital, Reza Vaezi, Gholamreza Torkzadeh, Jerry Cha-Jan Chang

Reza Vaezi

The rapid use and application of blogs in diverse areas such as education, marketing, journalism, and human resource management in recent years underlines the need for a better understanding of the impact of this new technology on social capital. Social capital reflects the norm of reciprocity and the level of trust among individuals who connect, interact, and benefit from one another. Blog is expected to influence the extent and the scope of this interaction by providing new means of networking among people. This paper examines the relationship between blog use and social capital and reports on the results of an …

Ocena Wpływu Nowo Budowanej Spalarni Odpadów Komunalnych W Krakowie Na Jakość Powietrza Z Wykorzystaniem Modelu Calmet/Calpuff, Mateusz Rzeszutek, Robert Oleniacz

Robert Oleniacz

The chapter presents the results of the evaluation the impact on air quality for the newly built Municipal Solid Waste Thermal Treatment Plant in Krakow (Poland) whose construction started in autumn 2013. Air pollution impact assessment was performed for air emissions adopted at the levels of emission limit values applicable for waste incineration. Modeling of air pollutant dispersion was carried out using the system of CALMET/CALPUFF models. For this purpose, the terrain elevation data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM3) and data of land use from Corine Land Cover 2006 (CLC 2006) were adopted with a resolution of about 100 …

The Differences Are Not So Great: High Altitude Balloon And Small Spacecraft Software Development, Jeremy Straub, Ronald Marsh

Jeremy Straub

Previous work discussed critical differences in planning, developing hardware for and executing a high altitude balloon (HAB) mission. One area where this difference is less pronounced is in software development, allowing HABs to be utilized as a ‘software testbed’ for many orbital missions. This paper provides an overview of the software development process for both orbital and HAB craft, highlighting differences between the two processes and the numerous similarities. It concludes by presenting a framework for analyzing the suitability of HAB testing for small satellite software.

Development Of A Ground Station For The Openorbiter Spacecraft, Jacob Huhn, Alexander Lewis, Christoffer Korvald, Jeremy Straub, Scott Kerlin

Jeremy Straub

The OpenOrbiter Small Spacecraft Development Initiative[1] at the University of North Dakota is working to design and build a low cost[2] and open-hardware / opensource software CubeSat[3]. The Ground Station is the user interface for operators of the satellite. The ground station software must manage spacecraft communications, track its orbital location , manage task assignment, provide security and retrieve the data from the spacecraft. This will be presented via a graphical user interface that allows a user to easily perform these tasks.