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Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Development Of New Synthetic Routes For Ebselen In Pursuit Of The First Synthesis Of Ebtellur, Elijah Kellner, Creed Poppler
Development Of New Synthetic Routes For Ebselen In Pursuit Of The First Synthesis Of Ebtellur, Elijah Kellner, Creed Poppler
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Ebselen, N-phenyl-1,2-benzoisoselenazol-3(2H)-one, an established anti-oxidant and cytoprotective agent, has been assessed for an array of pharmaceutical applications in treating a multitude of disorders and maladies. It has further been identified as an anti-microbial and anti-viral agent against multiple infectious agents and has even been FDA-approved for a variety of these applications. While ebselen has captured pharmaceutical interest, its tellurium analogue, ebtellur, has yet to be successfully obtained, and in only one case was an attempt to obtain ebtellur reported. We have developed multiple new synthetic routes specifically targeting the first synthesis of ebtellur and discuss the viability of each pathway …
Exploration Of Known Disease-Causing Vrk1 Mutants, Madelyn M. Degenhardt
Exploration Of Known Disease-Causing Vrk1 Mutants, Madelyn M. Degenhardt
Research & Creative Achievement Day
VRK1 is a vaccinia-related serine/threonine kinase that contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation. Point mutations within the VRK1 sequence are associated with a variety of complex neurodegenerative disorders which previous research suggests are due to changes in kinase activity and/or structure and stability. Point mutations seen with VRK1 may affect how a tail on the C-terminus of the protein interacts with the protein's active site, possibly altering the ability of the protein to bind to specific substrates. This study looked specifically at the point mutation D263G and its effect on protein stability and ability to bind substrates at its …
Hplc And Cms Analysis Of Clomipramine Metabolism: A Multi-Drug Study, Tess E. Buescher, Tu Khiem Ho, Kyler Ford
Hplc And Cms Analysis Of Clomipramine Metabolism: A Multi-Drug Study, Tess E. Buescher, Tu Khiem Ho, Kyler Ford
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Daily use of multiple medications is commonplace for many Americans. While pharmacists monitor prescriptions for drug interactions, consumers rarely check the possible side effects when using an over-the-counter product. In this fictional case study, Sam is prescribed clomipramine and ciprofloxacin, while also taking Tylenol PM. All three medications are orally administered, and drug metabolism is catalyzed in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450). CYP isoenzymes CYP1A2, CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 are responsible for clomipramine metabolism and formation of major bioactive metabolite desmethylclomipramine, while CYP2D6 hydroxylates clomipramine and metabolite into hydroxyclomipramine and hydroxydesmethylclomipramine, respectively. Multi-drug use can inhibit or induce metabolic …
Utilizing Macroinvertebrate Communities And Chloride Levels To Evaluate Water Quality In Three Streams Near Winona, Minnesota, Amelia Engman, Izabella Setla
Utilizing Macroinvertebrate Communities And Chloride Levels To Evaluate Water Quality In Three Streams Near Winona, Minnesota, Amelia Engman, Izabella Setla
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Certain water quality and chloride levels are ideal for specific macroinvertebrate species. This study evaluates the water quality of three streams in and around Winona, Minnesota, using the macroinvertebrate communities present and chloride levels as indicators. Three upstream samples were taken and thoroughly examined at three different locations: Garvin Brook, Gilmore Creek, and Pleasant Valley Creek. During the snowmelt season, four sets of upstream and one set of downstream water samples were taken from each. The samples were analyzed using a Vernier chloride ion-selective electrode. The Izaak Walton League of America's Save Our Streams invertebrate classification system was used to …
Synthesis Of Activated Carbon From Spent Coffee Beans, Alyssa Priebe, Jennifer Zemke
Synthesis Of Activated Carbon From Spent Coffee Beans, Alyssa Priebe, Jennifer Zemke
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Activated carbon is a material that is used in various industries. An important way that activated carbon is used, is to remove impurities and contaminants from water. Activated carbon is used to filter out odors and pollutants such as organic compounds by adsorbing and trapping these molecules within the structure of the carbon. The goal of this research is to synthesize activated carbon from spent coffee grounds. To this end, we are developing and tuning a protocol for the synthesis of activated carbon via a Microwave-Assisted Reaction System (MARS-TA). Variables investigated in this study are the amount of phosphoric acid …
Using 3d Printing To Illustrate Protein Modularity And Dynamics, Joanna M. Dinesen
Using 3d Printing To Illustrate Protein Modularity And Dynamics, Joanna M. Dinesen
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Many important enzymes are part of multi-subunit complexes that involve complex movements and interactions that are difficult to visualize via traditional 2-dimensional diagrams or in visualization software. Physical, 3-dimensional models are an especially effective way to illustrate abstract concepts within the curriculum, including about protein dynamics, subunit functions, pathway architectures, and the nature of protein-protein interactions. The usage of physical models in the classroom has been successful when teaching concepts such as enzyme catalysis and protein refolding, quantized by increased exam scores and positive student feedback. Here, we present work done to 3D print publicly available protein structures of the …
Student Laboratory For Synthesis And Characterization Of Proton Exchange Membranes, Christiana Hoyt
Student Laboratory For Synthesis And Characterization Of Proton Exchange Membranes, Christiana Hoyt
Research & Creative Achievement Day
The primary goal of this research was to improve the current Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Synthesis and Characterization laboratory exercise for CHEM 411-Synthesis and Characterization of Materials. Intended improvements to this lab included measuring conductivity of the PEM by finding the best procedure for creating the conductivity cell through both research and experiments in order to add electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the characterizations for the lab. Commercial membranes, such as Nafion, have multiple issues: high cost, high methanol permeability, poor function at elevated temperatures and at low humidity being some of them. Using PEEK to synthesize PEMs can be used …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Double Cross-Linked Pvpms Aerogels, Olivia B. Zill
Synthesis And Characterization Of Double Cross-Linked Pvpms Aerogels, Olivia B. Zill
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Aerogels have been rising to the surface as a material of interest for many practical applications. Aerogels are classified as "dried gels with a very high relative pore volume".1 The practical applications of aerogels include thermal insulators, electrical conductors, sensors, as well as optical applications and more.2–5 Aerogels are typically created through supercritical drying, in which the liquid in a sol-gel is turned into gas without destroying the structure of the gel. However this process requires high pressures and temperatures and the solvents used are highly flammable and unsafe at these conditions.6 The purpose of this research experiment is to …
Degradation Of Ovulation Inhibitor Estrogens Using Hplc Chromatography, Jenna Holst
Degradation Of Ovulation Inhibitor Estrogens Using Hplc Chromatography, Jenna Holst
Research & Creative Achievement Day
In recent years, there has been a rise in observed intersex aquatic species along with a rise of reproductive issues in humans. This has been linked to the endocrine disrupting properties of over 200 chemicals that have estrogenic activity and persist in aquatic environments. The focus of our research is the estrogens that are used in hormonal birth control as ovulation inhibitors. Between 2015-2017, 14% of US women aged 15-49 were using hormonal birth control. According to a study published in 2002, three estrogens that are used in hormonal birth controls as ovulation inhibitors, 17α-ethynyl estradiol, mestranol, and 19-norethisterone, occur …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Cdse Nanoparticles For Use In Solar Cells, Benjamin A. Carvell
Synthesis And Characterization Of Cdse Nanoparticles For Use In Solar Cells, Benjamin A. Carvell
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Over the last several years, interest in thin-film, nanoparticle-based solar cells have increased due to their potential to be low cost, tunable, and highly efficient when compared to other current solar cell technologies. In this research, cadmium selenide nanoparticles capped by oleic acid (CdSe-OLA) were synthesized. After those nanoparticles were synthesized, the bulky oleic acid ligand was exchanged with much smaller, more tunable ligands such as vanillic acid, malic acid, and Sodium 2,3-Dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS). This allows for easier energy transfer when applied to a solar cell. The successful synthesis of these nanoparticles was confirmed using FTIR, UV-vis, and NMR spectroscopy. …
Purification And Characterization Of Vrk2 For Further Research, Steven Richter
Purification And Characterization Of Vrk2 For Further Research, Steven Richter
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Kinases represent a vast and varied group of proteins, having more than 500 members in human beings alone. They have been found to be involved in various signal transduction pathways, ranging from embryonic development to apoptosis. The vaccinia-related kinases (VRKs) are a small sub-group of kinases containing three members: VRK1, VRK2, and VRK3. These proteins are involved in the cell cycle, cellular proliferation, chromatin condensation and gene transcription. VRK1 has been extensively studied not only for its normal biological roles, but also for its link to cancer. VRK2 is not as well studied as VRK1. However, the two kinases are …
Validation Of Computational Methods For The Tautomerism Of Thiourea Dioxide, Mckenna Lund
Validation Of Computational Methods For The Tautomerism Of Thiourea Dioxide, Mckenna Lund
Research & Creative Achievement Day
In solution, thiourea dioxide exists in an equilibrium between its dioxide and sulfinic acid forms. This tautomeric relationship, as they all are, is substantially influenced by the solvent's polarity and hydrogen bonding capabilities. More well-known systems, e.g., acetylacetone, have been extensively studied in this regard, while thiourea dioxide's equilibrium has not. We have initiated a hybrid computational-spectroscopic investigation of this system utilizing low-cost Hartree-Fock methods with the 3–21G, 3–21+G, 3–21G*, 3–21+G*, MINI, MIDI, SBKJC and HW basis sets. Beyond gas phase calculations, both tautomeric forms were modeled using the C-PCM implicit solvent model for water and toluene. Obtained modeling results …
Investigations Of The Effects Of Mutations In Inscuteable Mediated Pins-Mud Complex And Par Complex Functions In Drosophila Neuroblast, Ryan Liu
Research & Creative Achievement Day
Drosophila melanogaster central brain neuroblasts asymmetrically segregate proteins along the cell's apical-basal axil. Divisions along abnormal orientations or the complete failure to divide asymmetrically may result in overgrowth phenotypes. Neuroblastoma, one of the deadliest solid tumor diseases with extremely poor survival rate for late stages, is an example of this dysregulation. The protein Inscuteable (Insc) was previously found to bind with the protein Partner of Inscuteable (Pins; mPins or LGN in mammals), a receptor-independent G-protein activator, which is a subunit of the Pins-Gαi complex. The combined complex recruits Dlg to ensure correct spindle attachment on the cortex of the cell, …