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- Cyclic voltammetry (2)
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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Technical Evaluation Of Hardwood Biorefinery Using The "Near-Neutral" Hemicellulose Extraction Process, Haibo Mao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A technical analysis was performed for a new process that produces ethanol and acetic acid from hardwood in addition to bleached hardwood Kraft pulp. The new process, termed the "near neutral" hemicellulose extraction process, involves the extraction of wood hemicellulose using green liquor prior to conventional Kraft pulping. This thesis assumes that the new process is located at an existing kraft pulp mill. Ancillary unit operations in the process include hydrolysis of the extracted carbohydrates using sulfuric acid, filtration of the extract to remove lignin that was extracted with the carbohydrates, liquid-liquid extraction of acetic acid and by-product furfural, liming …
Electrochemical Oxidization Of Herring Sperm Dna And Its Interaction With Histone, Juan Xu, Gui-Ping Huang, Hong Li, Wei Zhu
Electrochemical Oxidization Of Herring Sperm Dna And Its Interaction With Histone, Juan Xu, Gui-Ping Huang, Hong Li, Wei Zhu
Journal of Electrochemistry
The voltammetric behavior of herring sperm DNA at glassy carbon electrode and its interaction with histone have been investigated by using cyclic voltammetry,differential pulse voltammetry,and fluorescence measurement.In the potential range of 0.20 V to 1.25 V,it is found that an irreversible oxidative peak is exhibited in acid solution,but in the neutral or alkaline solution two oxidative peaks are observed.Oxidative peak potential values show a negative shift with increasing pH via a slope of-57 mV·pH-1 and a linear relation with DNA concentration in the range of 0.45 to 8.20 mmol·L-1.In the presence of histone,the oxidative peak current of DNA and the …
Eiectro-Oxidation Of Methanol On Pdnio/C Catalyst In Alkaline Medium, Mei-Li Wang, Lin Sang, Cheng-De Huang
Eiectro-Oxidation Of Methanol On Pdnio/C Catalyst In Alkaline Medium, Mei-Li Wang, Lin Sang, Cheng-De Huang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electro-oxidation of methanol in alkaline electrolyte at in-house synthesized PdNiO/C and Pd/C catalysts and the effect of heat treatment on the structure and performance of catalysts were studied by cyclic voltammetry,chronoamperometry,chronopotentiometry and X-ray diffraction methods.It is shown that when the reduction temperature is 70℃ and the ratio between Pd and Ni is 8∶2,The PdNiO/C catalyst presents a highest activity for methanol electrooxidation.Calcining can increase the particle size and crystallinity of catalysts,but decrease the dispersion and activity of catalysts, too.Besides,the NiO is disengaged from Pd lattice by heat-treatment.The optimal PdNiO/C catalyst shows higher catalytic activity and much better poisoning resistance …
Selection Of Additions In The Process Of Electrochemical Synthesizing Of K_2feo_4, Wei-Hua Yang, Dong-Qin Bi, Yan Zhou, Hong-Hui Wang, Xin-Ren Lan
Selection Of Additions In The Process Of Electrochemical Synthesizing Of K_2feo_4, Wei-Hua Yang, Dong-Qin Bi, Yan Zhou, Hong-Hui Wang, Xin-Ren Lan
Journal of Electrochemistry
Some of different additions including KIO4 was added to the anodic electrolyte for electrochemical synthesizing of K2FeO4,the effects of these additions on current yield were investigated.XRD and SEM were used to characterize the structure and image of K2FeO4.The results show that KIO4 is a preferable addition.When the mass dosage of KIO4 is 0.02%,electrolysis time is 1 h,the current yield is enhanced by 31.6% and the corresponding purity of the product is improved by 3.85 %.
Ion-Implanting Modification Of Layered Manganese Dioxide And Its Electrochemical Performance, He-Ning Huang, Dong-Ping Lv, Xing-Kang Huang, Qi-Wei Zhang, Yong Yang
Ion-Implanting Modification Of Layered Manganese Dioxide And Its Electrochemical Performance, He-Ning Huang, Dong-Ping Lv, Xing-Kang Huang, Qi-Wei Zhang, Yong Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Layered MnO2(δ-MnO2) was prepared by thermal decomposition of potassium permanganate.Ti was ion-implanted into such δ-MnO2 by physical techniques,forming a composite(δ-MnO2-Ti).These materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,XPS techniques and their electrochemical proprieties were investigated.The results showed that the layered structure of δ-MnO2 did not been destroyed after Ti ion implantation,and the implanted Ti element was mainly Ti4+ as indicated by XPS.Both of the first and the highest discharge specific capacities of the ion-implanted layered MnO2(δ-MnO2-Ti),compared to those of δ-MnO2,were improved significantly.
Non-Destructive Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilization In Porous Silica Nanoparticles, Rebecca Voss, Michael A. Brook, Jordan Thompson, Yang Chen, Robert H. Pelton, John D. Brennan
Non-Destructive Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilization In Porous Silica Nanoparticles, Rebecca Voss, Michael A. Brook, Jordan Thompson, Yang Chen, Robert H. Pelton, John D. Brennan
Rebecca Cademartiri
The preparation of protein doped silica particles is impeded by the difficulty of incorporating proteins within the silica mesostructure under conditions that do not lead to denaturation. Herein, the synthesis of spherical silica particles (diameter 150 nm–550 nm) under protein friendly conditions in a one step process is described. Diglyceroxysilane (DGS) was reacted in ethanol and methanol-free conditions in pure water or in buffer solutions with or without the presence of additional glycerol. Stabilization of the particles, consistent with steric stabilization, was obtained using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of various molecular weights and with various end groups, including allyl and (CH2)3Si(OEt)3 …
The Syntheses And Electrochemical Performance Of Nano-Mno_2 For Supercapacitor, Jun Ma, Ming-Sen Zheng, Quan-Feng Dong
The Syntheses And Electrochemical Performance Of Nano-Mno_2 For Supercapacitor, Jun Ma, Ming-Sen Zheng, Quan-Feng Dong
Journal of Electrochemistry
Nano-manganese dioxide were prepared by two different methods which are low temperature solid reaction and chemical deposition.The products were characterized by XRD,SEM,BET and constant current charge-discharge tests.The result shows that there is a close relationship between specific capacitance and BET surface areas.Meanwhile the specific capacitance was impacted little by the structure of the nano-manganese dioxides.However,the product performance of high rates,was influenced by structure,the higher rate can be obtained with the more perfect crystal structure.
Preparation,Structure,And Cv Study Of The Supported Ptruir/Tic Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Electrodes, Sheng Sui, Li-Rong Ma
Preparation,Structure,And Cv Study Of The Supported Ptruir/Tic Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Electrodes, Sheng Sui, Li-Rong Ma
Journal of Electrochemistry
The PtRuIr/TiC electrocatalysts were prepared by method of reduction and deposition on TiC powders as supports together with ultrasonic wave dispersion.The sampls were characterized by BET surface area,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,and cyclic voltammetry techniques.The active components of Pt,Ru,and Ir particles(2.6%Pt,1.3%Ru,16%Ir,and 80%TiC,by mass) were mainly dispersed on the outer surface of the TiC supports,which structures were in favor of fine variable crystallites.It was found that the electrochemical performance of the PtRuIr/TiC electrodes was about three times as that of the unsupported electrocatalysts with the same active compositions for oxygen evolution reaction.After 120 times of CV cycles,there was almost no PtRuIr/TiC dissolving …
Electro-Chemical Oxidation Kinetics Of The V(Iv) In The Sulfuric Acid Solution, Yong-Lian Qiao, Qian Xu, Jie Zhang, Yu-Chun Zhai
Electro-Chemical Oxidation Kinetics Of The V(Iv) In The Sulfuric Acid Solution, Yong-Lian Qiao, Qian Xu, Jie Zhang, Yu-Chun Zhai
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electro-chemical oxidation kinetics for V(IV) in the sulfuric acid solution were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and steady state polarization curves at a graphite,platinum or conducting polymer electrode.Some kinetics parameters for the electrochemical reaction of V(IV) were calculated according to the Tafel curves.The results showed that the exchange current density and reversibility of V(V)/V(IV) redox reaction at the graphite electrode is largest among the three electrodes.There is the broadest extent of water stability and large oxidgen evolution potential when the conducting polymer was used as a working electrode in the solution of VOSO4(0.5 mol/L) and H2SO4(2 mol/L),while it is easy …
Oxygen Enrichment Effect Of Mno_2-Pt/C Compound Catalyst To The Cathode Of Pemfc, Hong-Feng Xu, Mao-Feng Zhang, Quan-Quan Gan, Cai-Sheng Huang
Oxygen Enrichment Effect Of Mno_2-Pt/C Compound Catalyst To The Cathode Of Pemfc, Hong-Feng Xu, Mao-Feng Zhang, Quan-Quan Gan, Cai-Sheng Huang
Journal of Electrochemistry
TO study of the oxygen storage material of air cathode is crucial for increasing performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell.Using the MnO2 as oxygen storage materials,a MnO2-Pt/C catalysts were prepared and is used to replace the conventional Pt/C in air cathode.The electrochemical performance of air cathode composed of MnO2 supported on Pt/C and the properties of fuel cell composed of MnO2-Pt/C were investigated by using the CV,galvanostatic dischange method and TEM.
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Methanol At The Nano Ni-B Amorphous Alloy Powdermicroelectrode, Yi-Xiong Zheng, Shi-Bing Yao, Shao-Min Zhou
Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Methanol At The Nano Ni-B Amorphous Alloy Powdermicroelectrode, Yi-Xiong Zheng, Shi-Bing Yao, Shao-Min Zhou
Journal of Electrochemistry
Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol at the nano Ni-B amorphous alloy powder-microelectrode in alkaline media was studied by using cyclic voltammetry.Compared to the highly preferred orientation(220) nickel electrode,The onset potential of methanol electrooxidation at the nano Ni-B microelectrode is negatively shifted about 0.04V,and the current density is increased approximately by 2 orders of magnitude.Thus,the nano Ni-B microelectrode has very strong electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol.The kinetic parameters were determined with the steady polarization curves.The results show that the rate constants for both the oxidation of Ni(Ⅱ) to Ni(Ⅲ) and the reduction of Ni(Ⅲ) to Ni(Ⅱ) at the nano Ni-B …
Sorption-Enhanced Steam Reforming Of Hydrocarbons With Autothermal Sorbent Regeneration In A Moving Heat Wave Of Catalytic Combustion Reaction, Andrey N. Zagoruiko, Alexey G. Okunev
Sorption-Enhanced Steam Reforming Of Hydrocarbons With Autothermal Sorbent Regeneration In A Moving Heat Wave Of Catalytic Combustion Reaction, Andrey N. Zagoruiko, Alexey G. Okunev
Andrey N Zagoruiko
Novel technological concept of sorption-enhanced hydrocarbon steam reforming with autothermal regeneration of the carbon dioxide scavenger in the moving super-adiabatic heat wave of the exothermic catalytic combustion reaction performed directly inside the adsorption-catalytic bed is presented. Process modelling results, confirming the capability and high efficiency of the proposed technological approach, are discussed. It is shown that proposed approach opens the way for creation of cheap, reliable and energy-saving adiabatic packed bed methane processors of unlimited processing capacity.
Electricity Generation From A Microbial Fuel Cell Employing Desulfovibrio Salexigens, Ping Ding, Hai-Bo Shao, Guang-Zhou Liu, Dong-Xia Duan, Ting Ma, Si-Jun Chen, Jian-Ming Wang, Jian-Qing Zhang
Electricity Generation From A Microbial Fuel Cell Employing Desulfovibrio Salexigens, Ping Ding, Hai-Bo Shao, Guang-Zhou Liu, Dong-Xia Duan, Ting Ma, Si-Jun Chen, Jian-Ming Wang, Jian-Qing Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
A microbial fuel cell of laboratory scale employing Desulfovibrio salexigens in lactate based seawater substrate was proposed.Electricity was continuously harvested after inoculation.During 20 days of fermentation/discharge,COD values of the substrate decreased by 61.7%,in which 9.81% was converted to electricity.
Electrochemical Performance Of Li_(1-X)M_Xfepo_4 Cathode Materials Synthesized By Polymer Pyrolysis Route, Ting Li, Jiang-Feng Qian, Yu-Liang Cao, Han-Xi Yang, Xin-Ping Ai
Electrochemical Performance Of Li_(1-X)M_Xfepo_4 Cathode Materials Synthesized By Polymer Pyrolysis Route, Ting Li, Jiang-Feng Qian, Yu-Liang Cao, Han-Xi Yang, Xin-Ping Ai
Journal of Electrochemistry
Olivine Li1-xMxFePO4(M=Cr3+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Ni2+)were synthesized by a polyacrylates-pyrolysis route.The structural and electrochemical properties of the as-synthesized cathode materials were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and electrochemical charge/discharge cycling.The results indicate that the metallic ions doped at low concentration do not affect the crystalline structure of the material,but considerably improve the rate capability and cycle performance of LiFePO4 at high rate.
Template Synthesis And Electrochemical Studies Of Ag_(Core)Au_(Shell) Nanowires, Li Ling, Ya-Xian Yuan, Min-Min Xu, Jian-Lin Yao, Ren-Ao Gu
Template Synthesis And Electrochemical Studies Of Ag_(Core)Au_(Shell) Nanowires, Li Ling, Ya-Xian Yuan, Min-Min Xu, Jian-Lin Yao, Ren-Ao Gu
Journal of Electrochemistry
Agcore Aushell nanowires with different thicknesses were prepared by combining template synthesis and chemical reduction method,and characterized by SEM and cyclic voltammetry(CV).The CV results revealed that the AgcoreAushell nanowires with pinhole were transferred to pinhole free structure after several potential scans.By using thiophenol(TP)and p-aminothiophenol(PATP)as probe,the surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)effect was investigated on the core-shell nanowires.The results indicated that AgcoreAushell nanowires could be served as a potential SERS substrate,and the difference in the spectral feature of PATP adsorbed onto Au and Ag nanowires enable us to diagnose the pinhole effect of core-shell nanowires by SERS.
Electrochemical Reduction Of Coals And The Oxygenic Functional Simulacrums Of Coals, Juan Lin, Zhao Wei
Electrochemical Reduction Of Coals And The Oxygenic Functional Simulacrums Of Coals, Juan Lin, Zhao Wei
Journal of Electrochemistry
Electrochemical reduction of coals and the oxygenic functional simulacrums of coals has been studied.In this process,tetrabutylammonium was used as supporting electrolyte.The coal and the deoxidized coal were extracted by methanol.Qualitative analysis of the deoxidized products and the extractives was carried out on gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer.The deoxidized products of the oxygenic functional simulacrums of coals were analysed quantitatively with gas chromatograph spectrometer.The results show that the oxygenic functional groups on the coals surface decrease and the translation ratios of the oxygenic functional simulacrums of coals need further increase after electrochemical reduction,.The electrochemical tests show simultaneously the kinetics equations of every related …
Catalysis Of Nano Tio_2 For Horseradish Peroxidase, Ya-Qi Zhu, Hai Wu, Hiu Liu, Jie Ma
Catalysis Of Nano Tio_2 For Horseradish Peroxidase, Ya-Qi Zhu, Hai Wu, Hiu Liu, Jie Ma
Journal of Electrochemistry
Horseradish peroxidase immobilized on the surface of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and nanotube modified glassy carbon electrode.The HRP direct electron transfer reaction was compared between TiO2 nanoparticles and nanotube GC electrode.The results demonstrated that the HRP on TiO2 nanotube /GC electrode could catalyze electron exchange reaction between electroactivity center of HRP and electrode.And the research of antibody labeled HRP provides a selected signal for antibody-antigen immunoassay.
Modification Of Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide, Shu-Rong Ding, Xin-Hai Li, Zhi-Xing Wang, Hua-Jun Guo
Modification Of Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide, Shu-Rong Ding, Xin-Hai Li, Zhi-Xing Wang, Hua-Jun Guo
Journal of Electrochemistry
The EMD samples coated with CMD-Bi compound were prepared by liquid-phase surface treatment method.XRD and SEM research indicated that the modified manganese dioxide,i.e,EMD/CMD-Bi,could keep γ-MnO2 crystal structure of EMD and had more pores on its surface with an obvious floccule layer.Electrochemical test indicated that the second electron reduction peak current increased by 1.5 times and the discharge capacity increased by 40.8% and 78.3% respectively than that of pure EMD electrode under the condition of-0.8 V(vs.Hg/HgO)cut-off voltage at 30.8 mA/g and 102.7 mA/g current density.
Study On The Electrogeneration And Properties Of Superoxide Ion In Aprotic Media By Using Carbon Nanotubes Powder Microelectrode, Ying-Liang Wei, Chen Shao, Hui Feng
Study On The Electrogeneration And Properties Of Superoxide Ion In Aprotic Media By Using Carbon Nanotubes Powder Microelectrode, Ying-Liang Wei, Chen Shao, Hui Feng
Journal of Electrochemistry
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes are filled in the cavity at the tip of a microelectrode to form a carbon nanotubes powder microelectrode(CNTs-PME).The CNTs-PME is used to study the electrochemical reduction of oxygen in aprotic media.It is a nearly reversible redox process of the O2/O·-2 couple at the CNTs-PME in the dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)solution.The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant(ks)can be measured by steady-state voltammogram and the result is 9.8 10-3cm /s.As a weak oxidant,the reaction of O·-2 with epinephrine was studied by cyclic voltammetry.Additionally,the reaction of O·-2 with benzoic acid was also discussed in detail.
Organosilicas With Chiral Bridges And Self-Generating Mesoporosity, Andreas Ide, Rebecca Voss, Gudrun Scholz, Geoffrey A. Ozin, Markus Antonietti, Arne Thomas
Organosilicas With Chiral Bridges And Self-Generating Mesoporosity, Andreas Ide, Rebecca Voss, Gudrun Scholz, Geoffrey A. Ozin, Markus Antonietti, Arne Thomas
Rebecca Cademartiri
Amine-functionalized, chiral mesoporous organosilicas were prepared from a rationally designed precursor, which combines the functions of a network builder, a chiral latent functional group, and a porogen in one molecule. The precursors are formed by a convenient enantioselective hydroboration using (S)-monoisopinocampheylborane on an ethylene-bridged silica precursor. These precursors do self-organize when hydrolysis of their inorganic moiety takes place via an aggregation of their organic moiety into hydrophobic domains. After a condensation−ammonolysis sequence mesoporous organosilicas functionalized with chiral amine groups are obtained, with the complete chiral functionalities located at the pore wall surface and therefore accessible to chemical processes. The pore …
Kinetics And Mechanism Of Oxygen Delignification, Yun Ji
Kinetics And Mechanism Of Oxygen Delignification, Yun Ji
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Considerable research has been conducted into the kinetics and selectivity of the oxygen delignification process to overcome limitation in its use. However most studies were performed in a batch reactor whereby the hydroxide and dissolved oxygen concentrations are changing during the reaction time in an effort to simulate tower performance in pulp mills. This makes it difficult to determine the reaction order of the different reactants in the rate expressions. Also the lignin content and cellulose degradation of the pulp are only established at the end of the experiment when the sample is removed from the batch reactor. To overcome …
Modification Of Semi-Metal Oxide And Metal Oxide Powders By Atomic Layer Deposition Of Thin Films, Mark Q. Snyder
Modification Of Semi-Metal Oxide And Metal Oxide Powders By Atomic Layer Deposition Of Thin Films, Mark Q. Snyder
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This work describes two methods of modifying, and the subsequent characterizing of, oxide nanopowders. The first method, atomic layer deposition, or ALD, is a series of surface-limited reactions that are repeated to deposit a thin, inorganic film on the surface of the nanopowder. Deposition of a thin film is a useful method to alter the surface properties of a material while retaining its bulk properties. Part of this thesis concerns the understanding of the growth mechanism of thin film titanium nitride (a material known for thermal and chemical stability as well as electronic conductivity) on silica through the ALD process. …
Electrochemical Oxidation Of The Phenol In The Chloride System, Yong Liu, Dan Liu, Shi-Lin Zhao, Jing-Jing Lai
Electrochemical Oxidation Of The Phenol In The Chloride System, Yong Liu, Dan Liu, Shi-Lin Zhao, Jing-Jing Lai
Journal of Electrochemistry
The Ru-Ir /Ti electrode as cathode to electrolysis the synthetic phenolic wastewater was studied.The effect of the initial chloride concentration on the electrolytic treatment result has been discussed.Experiment result shows that the electrochemical oxidation of phenol suits to one kinetics equation in given electrolytic time.If the initial chloride concentration in wastewater increases,the time of the electrochemical oxidation of phenol can be shorten,in other words the apparent rate constant is greater.the middle matters of electrochemical oxidation of phenol in the chloride system detected out by HPLC and GC-MS is mainly 1-chloro-phenol,4-chloro-phenol,2,4-dichloro-phenol,2,6-dichloro-phenol,2,4,6-trichloro-phenol,all kinds of chlorohydrin,small aliphatic acid,and so on.The final production is …
The Influence Of Electrolytic Conditions On Synthesis Of Feo_4~(2-), Yan Zhou, Wei-Hua Yang, Dong-Qin Bi, Ting-Ting Huang, Zhen Sun, Quan-Feng Guo
The Influence Of Electrolytic Conditions On Synthesis Of Feo_4~(2-), Yan Zhou, Wei-Hua Yang, Dong-Qin Bi, Ting-Ting Huang, Zhen Sun, Quan-Feng Guo
Journal of Electrochemistry
The FeO42-was synthesized using iron lattice as anode and the solid K2FeO4 was also prepared.Influence of electrolytic conditions,such as stir,ultrasonic,temperature and current density on the current efficiency were studied.The results showed that preferable ferrate(VI) current yield was obtained in a current density of 10 mA·cm-2,temperature 30℃ and 14 mol/L NaOH as electrolyte under at stirring effect.
Mwnts Modified Gc Electrode For Hydrogen Peroxide Determination, Hong-Juan Wang, Chun-Mei Zhou, Hao Yu, Feng Peng, Jin-Kun Fang
Mwnts Modified Gc Electrode For Hydrogen Peroxide Determination, Hong-Juan Wang, Chun-Mei Zhou, Hao Yu, Feng Peng, Jin-Kun Fang
Journal of Electrochemistry
A MWNTs modified GC electrode was constructed successfully to be used to detect hydrogen peroxide.Two methods of maximum anodic current of cyclic voltommogram and chronoamperometry were adopted to measure the concentration of hydrogen peroxide.The results show that the MWCNTs can enlarge the effective surface area of GC electrode and can enormously enhance the electron transfer.The sensitivity and correlation coefficient for hydrogen peroxide detection are 2.84 μA/mmol·L-1,0.997 and 1.5 μA/mmol·L-1,0.971 for cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry,respectively.The procedure of the two methods to detect hydrogen peroxide is simple,and the results obtained are satisfied.
Fabrication And Performance Of Ni-Scsz Cermet Anode Modified By Coating With Gd_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_2 For A Sofc, Ren-Zhu Liu, Bo Huang, Xiao-Feng Ye, Shao-Rong Wang, Jia-Di Cao, Huai-Wen Nie, Ting-Lian Wen
Fabrication And Performance Of Ni-Scsz Cermet Anode Modified By Coating With Gd_(0.2)Ce_(0.8)O_2 For A Sofc, Ren-Zhu Liu, Bo Huang, Xiao-Feng Ye, Shao-Rong Wang, Jia-Di Cao, Huai-Wen Nie, Ting-Lian Wen
Journal of Electrochemistry
A Ni-scandia-stabilized zirconia(Ni-ScSZ) cermet anode modified by coating with nano-sized gadolinium-doped ceria(GDC,Gd0.2Ce0.8O2) was prepared using a simple combustion process for the solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) running on methane fuel.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) indicated that the surface of Ni-ScSZ was coated by nano-sized GDC particles(<100nm).Single cell testing showed that the 2.0%(by mass) GDC-coated Ni-ScSZ anode had better performance.The highest power densities of the cell with this anode were 825 and 848mW/cm2 at 850℃ in humidified hydrogen and methane,respectively,whereas the corresponding values were 584 and 586mW/cm2 for the cell with Ni-ScSZ anode.Electrochemical impedance spectra(EIS) illustrated that the cell with Ni-ScSZ anode exhibited far greater impedances than the cell with 2.0%(by mass) GDC-coated Ni-ScSZ anode.Then the short-term stability for the cells with the Ni-ScSZ and 2.0%(by mass) GDC-coated Ni-ScSZ anodes in 97%CH4/3%H2O at 700℃ was checked over a relative long period of operation.No significant degradation in performance has been observed after 84 h of cell testing when 2.0%(by mass) GDC-coated Ni-ScSZ anode was exposed to 97%CH4/3%H2O at 700 ℃.Very little carbon was detected on the anodes,suggesting that carbon deposition was limited during cell operation.
Synthesize A Nanoscale Ferrofluid, Rob Snyder
Synthesize A Nanoscale Ferrofluid, Rob Snyder
Nanotechnology Teacher Summer Institutes
The chemical synthesis of a ferrofluid is a nanoscale science activity that originally appears in the Journal of Chemical Education. Access to the following website requires a subscription to the journal. J. Chem. Educ., 76, 943-948 (1999). The article was authored by Jonathan Breitzer and George Lisensky.
The Shape Of Pulverized Bituminous Vitrinite Coal Particles, Jonathan P. Mathews, Patrick G. Hatcher, Alan W. Scaroni
The Shape Of Pulverized Bituminous Vitrinite Coal Particles, Jonathan P. Mathews, Patrick G. Hatcher, Alan W. Scaroni
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The shape of pulverized bituminous coal particles (vitrinites) was determined by optical and laser light scattering. Vitrain samples were collected from obvious tree remains located in the ceilings of two Appalachian coal mines. Wet sieving produced narrow size cuts. The particles were determined to be oblong or blocky in shape, with average length-to-width ratio of 1.7 and sphericity of 0.78. They were analogous in shape to a square ended, rectangular "house brick". The two bituminous coals and different size cuts of each coal had essentially the same shape parameters. Characteristic heating times and terminal velocities were higher by 22 and …