Chemistry Commons^™

Nickel Catalyzed Cyclizations Of Alkynyl-Etones And Their Application To The Formal Synthesis Of Pentalenic Acid, Kevin Schlosser

Honors Theses

Pentalenic acid is a very important molecule because it is a biosynthetic intermediate of pentalenolactone, which has antibiotic effects on Grampositive/ negative bacteria and pathogenic fungi. These effects are due to its ability to inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.1 However, the total synthesis of pentalenic acid is very lengthy.2 This project will begin the process of finding a more convenient route to pentalenic acid. Previously in this laboratory there have been experiments conducted in the cyclization of enones with nickel (0)3 It is hypothesized that this method can be used to shorten the preparation of pentalenic acid. As illustrated by the …

International Symposium On Macromolecular Architecture, Otto Vogl, Jane C. Vogl, Tatsuki Kitayama

Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery

No abstract provided.

Polymer Science In Vietnam, Otto Vogl, Dang Van Luyen, Dang Mai-Huong

Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery

No abstract provided.

International Symposium On Macromolecular Architecture, Otto Vogl, Jane C. Vogl, Tatsuki Kitayama

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Polymer Science In Vietnam, Otto Vogl, Dang Van Luyen, Dang Mai-Huong

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

45. Minoru Imoto, Otto Vogl, Tatsuro Ouchi

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

New Enantioselective Lewis Acid Catalysts, Mustafa Guzel

All Theses

Recently, many organic chemists have been ultimately interested in research in the synthesis of enantiomerically pure organics which are useful to synthesis of biologically active agents and prodrug substances. In the past decades, the new concepts in catalyst design unexpectedly explored the direction of natural product synthesis. In many cases, using enantioselective catalysts are the most suitable and efficient method into enantiopure systems.

The Effect Of Chromium Compounds On The Mutagenic Rate Of Benzo[A]Pyrenediolepoxide In Human Fibroblasts, Yordanos Tesfai

Masters Theses

Cancer researchers are interested in identifying the environmental causes and synergistic influences of different chemical carcinogens in order to decrease the risk of cancer. There are numerous studies which have investigated the effect of individual carcinogens but relatively few in which a well defined mixture of chemicals have been used. The present study was performed to examine the effect of chromium compounds on benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide (BPDE) induced cytotoxicity and mutagenicity in human fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity was measured by the ability to fonn colonies while selection of 6-thioguanine resistant mutants were used to study mutagenesis in human fibroblasts.

Our results indicate that …

Rapid Method For Determination Of Iodine Numbers Of Vegetable Oils, Ondrej Hendl

Masters Theses

There is a great deal of interest by the public about the total unsaturation of fats and oils used in commercial products as an indication of nutritional value. Dealers in fats and oils are extremely interested in characterizing these products. The unsaturation is a guide to the expected stability of food additives, such as edible oils and foods in which they are used. Unsaturation is typically evaluated as an iodine number (IN), calculated for these additives based on their consumption of iodine through addition across the carbon-carbon double bonds. The classical titration method can typically take 45 minutes.

The investigation …

Side Chain Effect On Micellarly Catalyzed Hydrolysis Of Hydroxamic Acids In Perfluorooctanoic Acid Environment, A.C. Menik Fernando

Masters Theses

The side chain effect on micellar catalysis of hydroxamic acids with perfluorooctanoic acid as the reactive counterion surfactant in aqueous acetonitrile solution has been demonstrated in this thesis.

The rate constant-surfactant concentration profiles were used to estimate the critical micelle concentration and the second order rate constant for hydrolysis in the aqueous bulk phase.

The pseudo-phase ion exchange model satisfactorily explains the surfactant effect. The second order rate constants in the aqueous bulk phase show a direct relationship with steric substituent constants. The major influence of the change in micellar catalysis is the location in the micelle where the substrate …

A Chemical Pathway To The Formation Of Chlorinated Compounds During Combustion, Xiaodong Yang

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Two reactions, the Deacon reaction and the chlorination of phenol, which are the postulated starting steps for the formation of chlorinated dioxins during the incineration of the refuse derived fuel, were investigated in this work. Reactions were conducted in a tube furnace, and the products were trapped and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. It was shown that the Deacon reaction was favored at higher temperatures. The chlorination of phenol in vapor phase was found to begin at temperatures as low as 250°C and to be favored at higher temperatures. The ortho and para positions in the phenol ring are the …

A Study Of The Behavior Of Chlorine And Organic Compounds During Combustion In An Afbc System, Jenny Heidbrink

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study is to understand the behavior of chlorine and the emission of organic compounds during combustion in an atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (AFBC) system. Inefficient, uncontrolled use of coal gives rise to organic emissions which can be detrimental to health. The chlorine in coal may cause corrosion problems during utilization, if its concentration is high enough. The method for collection of the emissions of organic compounds involved the use of a Tenax resin as an absorbent for the organic compounds as they were emitted from the combustor. A combined gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique …

Mass Transport Of Volatile Organic Compounds Between The Saturated And Vadose Zones, Monte S. Harner

Theses and Dissertations

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) dissolved in the saturated zone are transported into the vadose zone primarily by gaseous phase diffusion. If the saturated zone is remediated, VOCs present in the vadose zone may become a secondary source of contamination for the groundwater. The amount of VOCs that remain in the vadose zone is dependent on site hydrology, soil properties, and the chemical properties of the contaminants. The purpose of this study was to determine what conditions caused VOC concentrations in the vadose zone to significantly recontaminate the saturated zone. A one-dimensional numerical model was developed to investigate the transport of …

The Biodegradation Characteristics Of Proposed Fuel Systems Icing Inhibitors (Fsii), Charles E. Meshako

Theses and Dissertations

The biodegradation characteristics of three fuel system icing ihhibitors (FSII) were evaluated. FSII are jet fuel additives that partition into water readily and are present in the water drained from storage tank bottoms in concentrations approaching 40%. These concentrations raise concerns as to the disposal and handling of these wastes. The current FSII, DiEGME was evaluated along with two new candidates, dipropylene glycol and glycerol formal. DiEGME appeared to be moderately but not completely biodegradable. It is likely that much of it would be removed in a wastewater treatment plant. Dipropylene glycol only showed signs of degradation after more than …

Modeling Marine Exposure To Polychlorinated Biphenyls From Sunken Ships, Charles N. Wendt

Theses and Dissertations

In the past, the U.S. Navy has routinely conducted SINKing EXercises (SINKEX) for training, weapon effectiveness tests, and economic disposal of aging assets. Recent concern over polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) chemicals aboard such target vessels has resulted in a suspension of SINKEX. The U.S. Navy has approximately 200 vessels currently requiring such disposal. Environmental legislation and health concerns preclude selling such vessels to foreign governments or scrapping. This work attempted to model the fate and transport of these PCBs by examining their transport to coastal water and their accumulation in the marine food chain. The model includes biodegradation, upwelling, partitioning of …

Inhomogeneity In Gelation And Nonuniversality Of Sol-To-Gel Transitions Studied By A Computer Simulation Model, Yi-Min Liu, R.B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Quantitative Evaluation Of Electrochemical Properties Of Mh Alloy By Powder Microelectrode, Ronghui Hu, Hanxi Yang, Jingcheng Liu, Shengxian Li, Chuanxin Cha

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, a quantitative method by use of powder microelectrode combined with cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic step is described for studying the electrochemical performance characteristic of hydrogen storage alloy(MH). Since the powder microelectrode uses only MH powder and has its depth and diameter of several tens of micrometer, the ohmic and concentration ploarization are greatly reduced and the influences of the technical factors in electrode preparation on the material performance are simply eliminated. Thus, with accurate determination of the load quantity of MH alloy in power microelectrode by absorption spectrometric technique, it is feasible to evaluate quickly and quantitatively …

Electrochemical Study And Application Of Cyclodextrin And Its Inclusion Complexes, Shuqin Liu, Zhimin Liu, Jinghao Pan

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical investigation and application of cyclodextrin and its inclusion complexes in recent years were reviewed. Studies on electrochemical behaviour of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in our laboratory were introduced.

Comparison Of The Charge/Discharge Charasteristics Between Ni Cd And Ni Mh Battery And Its Improvement Of Manufacture Technique, Yumimg Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Based on the difference of charge discharge charasteristies between Ni Cd and Ni MH battery, some appropriate manufacture technoque to improve the battery performances or to extend its service life are adopted

Determination Of Organic Basis Of Hydrochloride By The Oscillopolarographic Titration, Yongfu Zhan, Zhaoren Meng, Guirong Zhao

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, ephedrine hydrochloride, procaine hydrochloride, vitamin B 1 and vitamin B 6 have been determined by the Oscillopolarographic titration. This method has not been reported in any papers up to now. The characteristics of the method are being quick and exact, easy to observe the final result and saving material tested.

Study Of Electrochemistry Of Octa Butyl 2, 3 Naphthalocyanine Manganese(Ⅲ) In Nonaqeous Solvents, Suling Yang, Ersheng Liu, Naisheng Chen, Jinling Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behavior of 5,9,14,18,23,27,32,36 Octa Butyl 2,3 Naphalocyanine Manganese (Ⅲ) [(BuO) 8NPcMn(Ⅲ)Cl] in four nonaqueous solvents was studied by means of cyclic voltammetry, and the corresponding half wave potentials (E 1/2 ) of redox reactions were obtained. Four (or five) pairs of redox peaks were assigned. The solvent effect on the electrochemical characteristics of this coordination compound was also discussed preliminarily, and the electrochemical behavior of the complex was compared with that of nonsubstitued naphthalocyanine.

Studies Of Electrochemical Behaviors Of Cytochrome C On Pretreated Gold Electrodereceived 16 May, 1996, Jin Luo, Lingling Wu, Shaohua Huang, Zhonghua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The quasi reversible responses of both adsorbed and bulk cytochrome c at the pretreated gold electrode are observed. The adsorption behaviors and reaction kinetics have been studied using in situ FTIR spectroscopy, UV/Vis reflection spectroscopy, voltammetry, AC impedance and potential step methods. The results show that the cytochrome c can irreversibly adsorb on the gold surface in a complete monolayer and the adsorbed layer can mediate the redox reaction of the cytochrome c in the solution in the absence of promoter.

Electrochemical Studies Of Cyanocobalamin On Silver Electrode, Zhai Jin, Yang Pin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical characteristics of cyanocobalamin were separately studied on smooth and roughed silver electrode. It was found that the reduction of cyanocobalamin is two one electron steps on roughed silver but one two electron step on smooth electrode. The reason is due to the ability of absorption of the surface of electrode.

The Preparation Of Heteropoly Compound Polypyrrole Film Modified Electrode And Its Electrochemical Properties, Weiqing Wang, Xiumei Zhang, Long Cheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electronically conducting polypyrrole doped with heteropolyanions K 10 H 3[Nd(SiMo 7W 4) 2]·xH 2O(denoted as [Nd(SiMo 7W 4) 2] 13- )was synthesized by electrochemical polymerization. This modified electrode maintains the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of heteropolyanion, with having good stability and electrocatalytic activity on the reduction of nitric oxide in acidic aqueous solution.

A Conductance Study Of Complexes Of Rare Earth With Cryptand (2.2) In Nonaqueous Solvents, Shichang Liu, Aiju Xu, Qiang Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The coordination reaction of several rare earth nitrates with cryptand (2.2) in (CH 3) 2CO, CH 3CN, CH 3OH and DMF at 25 ℃ has been studied by means of using conductometric titration. The stability constants and the molar conductivities for the 1∶1 coordination compounds were calculated. Since the complexation is accompanied by solvation of the Ln(Ⅲ) ion in nonaqueous solvents, for lanthanide series, there is more or less variation in stability constants of complexes of rare earth with cryptand (2.2) when atomic numbers increas. The orders of the Λ ML(NO 3) 3 values about the same rare earth crown …

Poisson Boltzmann Integral Equation In A Charged Capillary And Its Numerical Solutions, Yongxian Qian

Journal of Electrochemistry

The nonlinear Poisson Boltzmann integral equation (PBIE) governing electrostatic potential distribution in a charged capillary filled with symmetric electrolytes is derived from the same physical principles as used in deriving nonlinear Poisson Boltzmann differential equation, usually called PBE. PBIE is then numerically solved by iteration. In iterate computation discrele values of electrical potential is soly needed, and the first or higher orders of the differential of the potential is not used any more. This does essentially remove the difficulty caused by the very steep variation of the potential near the wall of the capillary. The results of the seven examples …

Progresses In The Studies On Electrochemical And Surface Properties Of Hydrogen Storage Alloy Materials, Yong Yang, Jum Li, Zugeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Recent progresses in the studies on electrochemical and surface properties of hydrogen storage alloy materials are reviewed. This paper includes three sections: 1)Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of metal hydride electrodes, 2)Effects of micro structure and alloy elements of the materials on the electrochemical properties of the electrodes and 3)Correlation between surface properties of the alloy materials and performance of the negative electrode in the nickel metal hydride batteries.

Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅰ.Influences Of Oxidation And Reduction Pretreatment On Anode Performance, Shuhua Ma, Hanju Guo, Ji Li, Hongze Liang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The influences of the trace oxygen containing functional groups on surface of carbon material on cell performance of carbon anode for lithium ion batteries were studied by means of the pretreament in various oxidant/reductant systems.The results showed that the rich oxygen containing functional groups impaired the cell performance of carbon material anode,and the reduction of these groups in quantity and oxidation degree can increase charge/discharge capacity and improve first charge/discharge efficiency.The reason was also discussed in the light of effects of surface organic groups on decomposition reactivity of electrolyte and formation process of surface passivating film.

The Current Distribution On The Anode Surface Of The Seale Oval Tubular Lead Acid Battery, Renao Gu, Jianlin Yao, Zhengfa Deng, Ru Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The current distribution on anode surface of sealed lead acid batter under different discharge current and degree was studied by chemical analytical method for the first time. We can conclude that the current distribution is not even. The current density on the edge of the electrode surface and the electrode terminal are bigger than other areas, that is, there are edge effect and terminal effect, and these effect are more obvious when the discharge current is 100 A and degree is 100%.

High Active Platinum Plated Titanium Electrode, Xiufeng Xiao, Zeshan Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

To prepare the adherent and high active platinum plated titanium electrode, ultrasonic agitation technology and the best conditions of electrodeposition were adopted. Ultrasonic agitation technology can be improved the cohesion between coatings and substrate. The activity of electrode has related to the double layer Capacity of electrode, which was due to the electrode rugosity.