Chemistry Commons^™

The Synthesis Of 1-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, 8-Methyl-3,4-Benzpyrene And 1,8-Dimethyl-3,4-Benzpyrene, William Carter Doyle

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The search for the carcinogenic factor present in crude oil tar fractions was begun around 1915. With the observation that the high-boiling, most carcinogenic fractions exhibited fluorescence spectra similar to those of many polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, several synthetic hydrocarbons were tested (1) on mice by skin painting techniques. Tumors were produced by 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene (I), 3'-methyl-1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene (II) and 6-isopropyl-1,2-benzanthracene (III). One of the most widely used synthetic hydrocarbon carcinogens at the present is 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene.

Preparation Of Several Lactams And Correlation Of Their Structure With Their Infrared Spectra, Kenneth Curtiss Heckeler

Honors Theses

Simple amides are neutral compounds with infrared absorptions characterized by a strong carbonyl absorption. N-H absorptions, and other less significant and unassigned absorptions. Lack of basic nature of amides has been attributed to strong resonance of the unshared pair of electrons on nitrogen with the C=O double bond. This stabilized the molecule to an extent not possible when the electron pair on nitrogen is protonated, since resonance stabilization of such an ammonium structure is no longer possible.

Some Aspects Of The Chemistry Of The Hydroquinoxalines Unsubstituted On The Nitrogen Atoms, Evan L. Allred

Theses and Dissertations

A search of the literature revealed that almost nothing is known concerning the class of compounds known as decahydroquinoxalines. Since this posed a problem involving a search for a systematic synthetic method of general application as well as a method for establishing the characteristic class and individual properties, a research project under the guidance of Dr. H. Smith Broadbent was initiated. Of particular interest aside from matters of purely chemical interest was the recognition that the hydroquinoxalines possess obvious structural similarities with atropine and other well-known drugs which have valuable application as hypotensive agents, analgesics, spasmolytic agents, parasympathetic depressants, antihistaminics, …

Acidic Properties Of Clay Minerals And Alumina, Kenneth H. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Acidic properties of dialyzed alumina and representative clay minerals were studied by performing titrations with various bases. For the first group of experiments the titrations were made in a water system using KOH and NaOH. For this study in a water system the experimental data includes individual cationic activities as well as pH values. Adsorption of the cations was adequately described over a pH range of 5-11 by the equation 1-θ/θ ⋅ aNa+ ⋅ aOH- = 1/K'3 [aOH- + KW/K'2 + 1/K'1], in which θ represents the fraction of the total sites that have reacted. Thermodynamic constants K'3 and K0= …

The Effect Of Ferrous And Ferric Ions On The Conversion Of Malate To Pyruvate By A Cell Free Extract Of Pigeon Liver, Keith Erwin Richardson

Theses and Dissertations

Recent investigations on the crude pigeon liver extracts have shown the presence of an enzyme which catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of malate to pyruvate and carbon dioxide. The name malic enzyme has been given to this enzyme to distinguish it from malic dehydrogenase. Under aerobic conditions the addition of ferrous sulfate resulted in inhibition of the action of malic enzyme. Subsequent investigation showed that the inhibition obaerved was not due to ferrous ions, but due to ferric ions which were contaminating the ferrous sulfate. It was also shown that under aerobic conditions ferrous ions were rapidly oxidized to ferric ions. …

A Study Of The Chelation Of 1,3-Bis-(Tris-(Hydroxymethyl)-Methylamino)-2-Propanol Dihydrochloride With Copper (Ii), Nickel (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Velta Erdmanis

Master's Theses

In this study 1,3-bis-(tris-(hydroxymethyl)-methyl­ amino)-2-prapanol dihydrochloride chelates with calcium, manganous, cobaltous, nickelous, cupric and zinc ions were investigated.

Potentiometric titrations were performed to obtain information about the stability of the chelates formed. Calcium and manganous ions showed little chelating ability. Cobaltous, nickelous, cupric and zinc ions formed stable chelates when the ratio of the chelating agent Concentration to the metal ion concentration was 1:1 or larger.

Job 's method of continuous variations was used for determining the composition of the cupric, nickelous and cobaltous chelates and it was found that these metal ions form a 1:1 chelate with l,3-bis-(tris-(hydroxymethyl)­ methyl …

A Study Of The Chelation Of 1,3-Bis (Tris (Hydroxymethyl) Methylamino) 2-Propanol With Iron (Iii), Jane Bell Grinnan Gladding

Master's Theses

The element Iron is so important that a major era of history bore its name. Its magnetic and metallic properties have long been studied and used. It is also well known that iron. is the cental element in the oxygen-carrying compound hemo­ globin and therefore essential to life. Its biological importance is also evidenced by its presence in the cytochrome oxidases . These important biochemical compounds are iron chelates

Fundamental research with iron chelates may therefore shed light on the operations of certain enzyme systems, drugs and poisons. Analytical chemistry and the dye industry have used chelate compounds for many …

Colorimetric Determination Of Rhenium In Ores, Clair Winston Rogers

Theses and Dissertations

The problem of colorimetrically determining rhenium in the presence of molybdenum, copper, iron, sulphur, and rare earth elements with the use of dimethylglyoxime as the complexing compound was accomplished by the method reported here-in. The interfering elements were eliminated either as gaseous oxides and sulfides or were precipitated from a highly basic solution by means of a strong alkaline fusion of equal weights of sodium hydroxide and sodium peroxide, and the ore sample containing rhenium. The fusion product was dissolved in water, the solution boiled with a slight excess of sodium peroxide, and the hydroxide of all the interfering ions …

The Hofmann Degradation Of Oxamide And Urea, Carmen Michael Cusano

Honors Theses

An amide may be degraded to an amine using the Hofmann reaction. The theoretical product of the Hofmann reaction of oxamide is hydrazine. The objective of this project was the production of hydrazine from oxamide. Since hydrazine could not be obtained from oxamide, an extensive study was made of the production of hydrazine from urea. It was hoped that the background gained in the study of the urea reaction could be applied to the original problem, i.e. the formation of hydrazine from oxamide. However, even with this background, no hydrazine was obtained from oxamide.

Radially Banded Precipitates In Gels, Robert Patrick De Sieno

Honors Theses

The formation of a rhythmic band structure known as Liesegang rings, when silver ions diffuse into gelatin containing chromate ions is a well-known phenomenon. The object of this research project is to make a detailed study of another diffusion phenomenon obtained in the presence of mercury vapor. The emphasis of this thesis is on the quantitative aspect. The author has been concerned with the cause and composition of radial lines produced when silver ions diffuse through chromated gelatin in the presence of mercury vapor. A number of variables related to this project, such as length of reaction time, concentration and …

Electrodeposition And Cathode Potential, Roland Francis Dapo

Honors Theses

The objective of electrodeposition and control of cathode potential is the qualitative and quantitative separation of metals from their solutions. It involves the problem: (1) measuring the cathode potential in relation to the solution in order selectively to plate any metal; (2) means of treating the solution to prevent the plating of more than one metal at any particular cathode potential. The present research involved the curve of cathode potential versus copper concentration, the designing and constructing of electronic units for automatic control, and the determination of voltage error in passing current through the saturated calomel electrode.

A Study Of The Effect Of Additives On Portland Cement, Sidney Gray Dunbar

Honors Theses

First, hydration tests were made on cement samples containing various percentages of Sodium Methyl Siliconate and Sodium Silicate. It was decided that it would be easier to determine what effect an additive would have upon concrete, if concrete blocks were actually made. Therefore, many blocks were made containing different amounts of various additives. Some of the concrete blocks were cut into cubes and slabs. The cubes were tested for their compressive strength. The slabs were tested for their resistance to corrosion from hydrochloric, acetic, and lactic acids. Some slabs were coated with certain substances to see if the coatings would …

Alkylation Of Phenol, Raymond Joseph Thimineur

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research project is to study the alkylation of phenol with n-butyl alcohol and optically active l-sec-butyl alcohol using a chemically activated alumina catalyst. The reaction of n-butyl alcohol with phenol is studied to determine if the alcohol is rearranged to give the same products obtained by alkylating with sec-butyl alcohol. The object of reacting optically active l-sec-butyl alcohol with phenol is to determine if the optical activity is retained, decreased, or complete racimazation occurs with this catalyst.

Thermal And Arc Resistance Of Polyester Resin Glass Reinforced Laminates, Frederick B. Budnik

Honors Theses

The heat resistance of several types of polyester resins are studied by measuring the flexural strength of glass reinforced laminates before and after conditioning at 200°C. Arc resistance readings are also taken. The type of saturated acid, glycol and monomer is varied. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated acid and the ratio of monomer to base resin is also studied. Chlorendic acid improves the heat resistance over phthalic and isophthalic acids but it lowers the arc resistance. Ethylene glycol yields resins with the highest flexural strengths. Styrene monomer content has little effect on heat resistance up to 40%. In the …

Thermodynamic Properties Of Water Adsorbed On Kaolinite, S. John Bennett

Theses and Dissertations

The object of the work presented in this thesis was to obtain quantitative values of the thermodynamic changes in water upon adsorption by kaolinite. Two methode were used. The first was a determination of the differential heat content and entropy of adsorption. The second method included a thermodynamic evaluation of the B.E.T. "c" constant expressed in terms of the Gibbs standard free energy of adsorption. The experimental data gave satisfactory results in determining the differential and standard thermodynamic functions or free energy, entropy, and heat content of adsorption. The adsorption of water on kaolinite appears to be a van der …

The Decomposition Of Solid Barium Nitrate By Gamma Rays, Lawrence E. Lamar

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Very little work has been done on the chemical effects produced during the irradiation of solid materials. Although some research has been reported concerning the action of ultraviolet light on solid nitrates, most of the information in the literature is based upon the use of nuclear radiations.

Two types of reaction mechanisms have been proposed by previous authors. The direct decomposition of the metal nitrate to give the nitrate and oxygen was concluded from measurements of optical absorption. The ionization of nitrate ion to yield mononitrogen trioxide which could disassociate after capture of an electron was also suggested. The mononitrogen …

A Survey Of The Effects Of Changes In PH, Solvent And Salt Concentration Upon The Rate Of The Periodate-Glycol Reaction, Jay E. Taylor, Benadetto Soldano, George A. Hall

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

A quantitative study of the effect of the periodate- glycol complex upon the rate of the periodate-glycol reaction was made in an earlier paper. The data for the present paper were taken before those of the previously published paper and, for the most part, before the importance of the periodate-glycol complex had been recognized. It has not been possible therefore to interpret the present data with the degree of thoroughness of the earlier paper. However, certain very interesting conclusions can be made.
The Effect of Variation of pH.
Effect of Changes in Solvent.
The Effects of Certain Salts.

Preparation, Purification And Cis-Trans Isomerization Of 2-Butene-1, 4-Diol, Roman Stephan Slysh

Honors Theses

The preparation of cis- and trans-2-butene-1,4-diol has been reported in chemical literature by numerous workers. A well established procedure to obtain the cis isomer is to hydrogenate 2-butyne-1,4-diol at two to four atmospheres pressure in the presence of catalysts, such as Raney nickel or colloidal palladium. This reduction is selective and can be stopped easily at the ethylenic stage. The reaction has been studied by Lozac'h who stated that the Raman spectrum of 2-butene-1,4-diol prepared in this way indicates the presence of the cis iomer only. Lozac'h does not mention the degree of purity of this product and nothing could …

Esr Of Impurities In Mgo, John Wertz, Juana Vivó, B. Musulin

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

SP1. Electron Spin Resonance of Impurities in Magnesium Oxide. John E. Wertz, Juana L. Vivo, and Boris Musulin, University of Minnesota.

Esr Of Defect Centers In Magnesium Oxide, John Wertz, Juana Acrivos

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

B8. Electron Spin Resonance of Defect Centers in Magnesium Oxide.* John E. Wertz and Juana L. Vivo, University of Minnesota.

Study Of The Complex Products Of Polymerization Of Some Quinones By Esr Spectroscopy, Juana Acrivos, M Blois

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

No abstract provided.

Some Optical Properties Of Vapor-Deposited Films Of Arsenic, Antimony, And Bismuth, Zaboj V. Harvalik

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Elementary Chemical Calculations, Edward S. Amis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Possibility Of Weak Alpha Branching In Radium D, B. R. Miccoli, R. R. Edwards, B. L. Robinson, R. W. Fink

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Phase Equilibrium In The 1-Butene-Water System And Correlation Of Hydrocarbon-Water Solubility Data, T. W. Leland

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Chromatographic Studies., Richard Thomas Moravek

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

The Construction Of A Recording Raman Spectrometer And An Analysis Of The Vibrational Spectrum Of Bromobenzene And Its Monodeuterium Isomers., William Ward Daniels

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

Condensation Reaction Of Terephthaladehyde And Acetophenone, Lloyd J. Mitchell

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The plant pigments constitute a fascinating group of compounds whose constitution has only recently been partially clarified. Roughly speaking, there are two main groups of pigment: the plastids, associated with the protoplasmic structure of plants, and the anthocyanins, generally found in solution in the cell sap. The term “anthocyanin” is derived from the Greek, “antho” signifying flower and “cyan” meaning blue, and was introduced by the botanist Marquart in 1835 to designate the blue pigments of flowers. It has since been extended to include all of the pigments of this group, the anthocyanin pigments being responsible for the innumerable shades …

Separation Of Germanium, Lead, Zinc, And Cadmium By Anion Exchange, Franklin Maynard Hill

Masters Theses

"The object of this study was to investigate the ion exchange behavior of germanium and apply the anion exchange technique for the separation of germanium, cadmium, lead, and zinc.

A new interest in germanium has developed because of its recent industrial application as a semi-conductor. Analytical methods for the separation and analysis of germanium in low concentrations have not been perfected. Krause and Johnson, in a recent review, discussed and evaluated a number of methods.

Most of the methods for the analysis of germanium require a preliminary separation. The analytical methods for germanium reported in the literature are troublesome and …

Addition Of Ketene To Ethylene Oxide, John Philip Friedrich

Masters Theses

"The object of this work was to study the reaction between ethylene oxide and ketene, and if possible, to isolate and identify the postulated γ-butyrolactone. Although the results could hardly be described as completely gratifying, they were at least in a sense positive. Many possibilities remain with regard to further modifications of the experimental work on this problem, however it is the author's sincere wish that this investigation will serve some useful purpose in the future"--Introduction, page 4.