Chemistry Commons^™

Behavior Of Chlorine & Sulfur During Coal Pyrolysis & Combustion, Dakang Shao

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The behavior of chlorine and sulfur in Illinois coals and during pyrolysis and combustion their forms in the coals were evaluated by combined Thermogravimetry/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy/ Ion Chromatography (TG/FTIR/IC) techniques. It was found that more than 90% of chlorine in Illinois coals was liberated as HC1 gas during pyrolysis and combustion in the temperature range of approximately 3000 - 600°C, with the amount reaching the maximum around 440°C. Similarity of the HC1 and NH3 release profiles during pyrolysis of IBC-109 indicates that the forms of chlorine in coal is associated closely with the forms of nitrogen, and that the …

Nmr Analysis Of Sulfur Compounds In Petroleum, Kanning Wu

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The speciation and quantification of organic sulfur forms in fossil fuel is an area of research. This thesis describes an NMR method which offers potential for identifying and possibly quantifying both nonvolatile and volatile sulfur forms in fossil fuels. The method is based on the methylation of sulfur compounds to form methyl sulfonium salts:

RSR + Ch₃I --> (R₂S+-Ch₃)I^~

We propose to apply this chemistry to the analysis of sulfur functions in fossil fuels. The sulfur functions are methylated using ¹³C-enriched methyl iodide. The products are then analyzed by ¹³C NMR …

Development Of Hplc-Ec Methodology & Its Use In The Determination Of The Daily Pattern Of Brain Octopamine Levels In Leucophaea Maderae, Maya Siddiqui

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

A solid phase extraction technique was developed to aid in removing interfering substances from the cockroach brain extract. Quantitative analysis of octopamine was subsequently achieved by HPLC with amperometric electrochemical detection. The procedure affords 80 to 100 percent recovery of octopamine. The presence of octopamine in brain extract was confirmed by GC-MS.

The daily pattern of brain octopamine levels in cockroach Leucophaea maderae was investigated using the HPLC-EC assay procedure. It was concluded that the concentration of brain octopamine in the cockroach L. maderae does not exhibit daily rhythm.

The Palladium (Ii) –Catalyzed Homogeneous Oxidation Of 1-Hexene, Margarita Kirova

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The Palladium(II)-catalyzed homogeneous oxidation of 1-hexene in methanolic medium has been studied, copper(II) chloride being used as cocatalyst. Aspects of the kinetics, mechanism and product composition were investigated in several series of oxidations involving variation of hexene concentration, oxygen partial pressure, Cu(II): Pd(II) ratio and concentration and temperature. The progress of the reaction was studied in the course of periodic sampling runs. Reaction products were identified by gas chromatography, and verified by means of GC/mass spectrometry. The expected product of 1-hexene oxidation was 2-hexeanone: however, 3-hexanone occurs as a major coproduct, arising from concurrent Pd(II)-catalyzed isomerization of 1-hexene to 2-hexene. …

Thermal Properties Of Some Lipid Components Of Cell Membranes, Lihua Wei

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Phospholipids are the major structural components of the lipid portion of biological membranes. The study of the thermal properties of these phospholipid provides a systematic understanding of the relationships between the chemical structures and functional properties of phospholipid molecules in artificial and biological membranes. This study examined the thermal behavior of phospholipids in the solid state using DSC and TG coupled with FITR. The phospholipids were found to have phase transitions below the melting point. Egg-yolk lecithin had four transitions below its melting point; sphingomyelin had two phase transitions below its melting point. Phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine had complex phase transitions. …

Thermal Analysis Of Milkweed Floss Using Tg/Ftir, Pei Gu

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The thermal analysis of milkweed and several individual commercial samples of .similar chemical composition has been carried out. By combining a two-stage thermal process. (pyrolysis-combustion) with TG-FTIR, it has been possible to identify the major organic volatile products during pyrolysis and to correlate gas evolution with the decomposition of the individual components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) of the floss. During pyrolysis, acetic acid, formic acid and methanol are formed 1n addition to CO2, and H2O. The data also show that pyrolytic decomposition of the three chemical constituents of milkweed occur without any apparent synergistic interaction. The combustion of …