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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Design And Implementation Of A Near-Field Scanning Optical Module For Inverted Microscopes, Taher Ababneh
Design And Implementation Of A Near-Field Scanning Optical Module For Inverted Microscopes, Taher Ababneh
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes the design and implementation of a home-built near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) module for inverted microscopes. In this design, the NSOM module is built atop an inverted fluorescence microscope. This is particularly well suited for applications in which the normal imaging modes of the inverted microscope are still required to locate and study the sample before performing NSOM experiments. This module is used as a near-field instrument for nanostructure investigation of various samples including plane-ruled reflection gratings, AFM calibration standards, nanospheres and gold nanoparticles. In addition, we will demonstrate the ability to achieve nanometer-scale surface modification of …
Part I: Synthesis And Biological Evaluations Of Potent Class L Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Part Ii: Aqueous Complexes For Efficient Sizebased Separation Of Americium From Curium Part Iii: Designing Strong Chiral Bronsted Acids And Their Application For Oxaxinanones Derivatization And The Aza-Henry Reaction, Joseph Steve Ulicki
Theses and Dissertations
PART I: SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATIONS OF POTENT CLASS l SELECTIVE HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have found a wide variety of medicinal uses and are most noted for their specific apoptotic action towards cancer cells1. Several hydroxamates and tetrapeptides HDACi have since been moved on to phase 1 and 2 clinical trials, with FK228 & SAHA having already been approved for treatment of advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). FK228 & SAHA are pan-HDACi which d compounds describes the unselective inhibition for any of the 11 Zn2+-dependent HDAC isoforms. Research in the past five years, has shifted towards …
Modification Of Pyrimidine And Purine Nucleotides By "Click" Chemistry: Design, Synthesis And Properties Study, Mohammad Mojibul Haque
Modification Of Pyrimidine And Purine Nucleotides By "Click" Chemistry: Design, Synthesis And Properties Study, Mohammad Mojibul Haque
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation consists of three main parts, totaling five chapters, and focuses on developing novel nucleosides via "click" chemistry and studying their potential biological
properties. Chapter three describes the synthesis and properties of coumarin-modified fluorescent DNAs. Coumarin-modified 2'-deoxythymidine was synthesizedvia "click" chemistry and incorporated into oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) which induce photoreversible interstrand cross-link (ICL) upon 350/254 nm photoirradiation. The irradiation at 350 nminduces DNA cross-linking with ODNs containing coumarin. The cross-linked DNA products formed from coumarin are not fluorescent. Further investigation showed that coumarin moiety undergoes the (2π+2π) photocycloaddition with 2'-deoxythymidine (dT), 2'-deoxycytidine (dC), and to a much lower extent, 2'-deoxyadenine …
Cellular Zinc Trafficking: The Zinc Proteome And Its Reactions With Cadmium, Mohammad Ali Namdarghanbari
Cellular Zinc Trafficking: The Zinc Proteome And Its Reactions With Cadmium, Mohammad Ali Namdarghanbari
Theses and Dissertations
Metals play a crucial role in living systems. Iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, and manganese are involved in many essential biological activities. Among transition metals, zinc after iron is the most abundant transition metal in the human body and the most abundant in the brain. It exists in more than 3000 proteins, which comprise about 10% of the human proteome. Zn2+ dyshomeostasis is associated with chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and related complications, bone loss, growth retardation in young children, and neurological and behavioral problems. Despite a good knowledge obtained for metabolism of some metal ions such as copper, …
The Implications Of Content Analysis For The Interpretation Of Unguentaria In Museum Collections, Jenna L. Mortensen
The Implications Of Content Analysis For The Interpretation Of Unguentaria In Museum Collections, Jenna L. Mortensen
Theses and Dissertations
Scent has traditionally been an ephemeral component of rituals in ancient societies, including burial and other practices associated with the anointing of the body (Classen et al. 1994: 43; Houston and Taube 2000: 271). This thesis investigates the possible signifiers and social impact such scents might have had for individuals participating in such rituals by using the little explored approach of sensory archaeology. A discussion of the correlation between olfaction and the triggering of both the experiential and emotional aspects of memory contributes to a broader view of these rituals in the anthropological literature (Classen et al. 1994), while Houston …
Microfluidic Device Integration Of Electrostatic Corral Trapping Systems, Alaknanda Amin
Microfluidic Device Integration Of Electrostatic Corral Trapping Systems, Alaknanda Amin
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis describes the development, characterization, and application of the microfluidics device integration of electrostatic corral trapping systems. Optical traps or "laser tweezers", which are capable of trapping microscopic dielectric particles through the production of steep electromagnetic field gradients, have been significant in the development of the field of biophysics and the manipulation of microscopic objects. This method of trapping unfortunately has a fundamental size limitation, making it incapable of trapping molecular-scale objects. We have developed a new tool for the trapping and manipulation of nanoscale objects including single molecules, the corral trap, which has distinct characteristics that set it …
The Synthesis Of Alpha 5 Subtype Selective Gaba(A) /Benzodiazepine Receptors Ligands, Poonam Biawat
The Synthesis Of Alpha 5 Subtype Selective Gaba(A) /Benzodiazepine Receptors Ligands, Poonam Biawat
Theses and Dissertations
GABAA complexes are a class of receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter GABA, the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate CNS. A widely accepted pharmacological target for enhancing cognition is the benzodiazepine-binding site on the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor complex. Inverse agonists acting at 5 subunits containing GABAA receptors are thought to act as cognitive enhancers while eliminating unwanted side effects associated with non-selective compounds. From the recent work of Rowlett, Cook et al. it was demonstrated that the novel 5 selective inverse agonist PWZ-029 (20) was active as a cognitive enhancer in rhesus monkeys in the CANTAB …
Development Of Novel Methods For Characterization Of Complex Organic Mixtures By Liquid Chromatography And Raman Spectroscopy, Veronica Maria Marco Alvarez
Development Of Novel Methods For Characterization Of Complex Organic Mixtures By Liquid Chromatography And Raman Spectroscopy, Veronica Maria Marco Alvarez
Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPLEX ORGANIC MIXTURES BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY AND
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
by
Veronica Marco Alvarez
The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2014
Under the Supervision of Professor Joseph H. Aldstadt III
The development of methods for the study of Humic Acids (HAs) and related substances is described. In the first part, a reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) instrument was designed, fabricated, and a method for the separation of HAs was optimized for application as the second dimension in a two-dimensional LC (LCxLC) system. The optimized method for the RP-LC was used in the study of amino acid …
The Development Of Vdr-Coactivator Inhibitors And Their Evaluation Using Biochemical And Cell-Based Assays, Belaynesh Feleke
The Development Of Vdr-Coactivator Inhibitors And Their Evaluation Using Biochemical And Cell-Based Assays, Belaynesh Feleke
Theses and Dissertations
The vitamin D receptor (VDR) belongs to the family of nuclear receptors and plays a crucial role in many biological processes such as cell differentiation, cell proliferation and calcium homeostasis. VDR is a good pharmaceutical target for many diseases including cancer, metabolic disorders, skin diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Upon binding with its endogenous ligand calcitriol in the body, VDR undergoes a conformational change that disrupts the interaction with corepressor proteins and instead enables the interaction with coactivator proteins that mediated transcription. The goal of the research is the development of new small molecules that will selectively inhibit the interaction between …
Wetting, Superhydrophobicity, And Icephobicity In Biomimetic Composite Materials, Vahid Hejazi
Wetting, Superhydrophobicity, And Icephobicity In Biomimetic Composite Materials, Vahid Hejazi
Theses and Dissertations
Recent developments in nano- and bio-technology require new materials. Among these new classes of materials which have emerged in the recent years are biomimetic materials, which mimic structure and properties of materials found in living nature. There are a large number of biological objects including bacteria, animals and plants with properties of interest for engineers. Among these properties is the ability of the lotus leaf and other natural materials to repel water, which has inspired researchers to prepare similar surfaces. The Lotus effect involving roughness-induced superhydrophobicity is a way to design nonwetting, self-cleaning, omniphobic, icephobic, and antifouling surfaces. The range …
Crown Ether Stereoisomerism: Implications In Metal Ion Extraction And Ionic Liquid Design, Alan Pawlak
Crown Ether Stereoisomerism: Implications In Metal Ion Extraction And Ionic Liquid Design, Alan Pawlak
Theses and Dissertations
Since their discovery more than four decades ago, crown ethers (CEs) have been the subject of intense investigation in a number of fields. Although many of the structural features that govern the behavior of these compounds have been thoroughly explored, the effect of their stereochemistry has received relatively little attention. In the present work, crown ether stereochemistry is shown to have important implications in both the design of ternary (i.e., three-component) ionic liquids (TILs) and metal ion extraction. Specifically, as a first step toward the development of guidelines for the rational design of ternary ionic liquids employing crown ethers as …
The Surface Chemistry Of Adatom Mediated Oligomers Of Aromatic Diisocyanides And Dithiols On Au(111) And Granular Films, John Kestell
The Surface Chemistry Of Adatom Mediated Oligomers Of Aromatic Diisocyanides And Dithiols On Au(111) And Granular Films, John Kestell
Theses and Dissertations
Abstract
The Surface Chemistry of Adatom Mediated Oligomers
of Aromatic Diisocyanides and Dithiols on Au(111) and Granular Films
by
John D. Kestell
The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Under the supervision of Professor W. T. Tysoe
Two seminal events are thought by many to be the birth of nanotechnology and molecular electronics. In 1959, Nobel Laureate Richard Feynman gave his famous "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" lecture to an American Physical Society meeting at Caltech. The transistor had been invented by Bell Laboratories in 1947, and already the race was on for device miniaturization. Feynman's lecture focused on some of …
Part I: Studies Towards Asymmetric Α-Halogenation And Mechanistic Studies Of The Acrylate System With Organocatalyst And Part Ii: Synthesis Of Α-Aryl Quaternary Carbon Centers, Maria Shevyrev Shteynbuk
Part I: Studies Towards Asymmetric Α-Halogenation And Mechanistic Studies Of The Acrylate System With Organocatalyst And Part Ii: Synthesis Of Α-Aryl Quaternary Carbon Centers, Maria Shevyrev Shteynbuk
Theses and Dissertations
Organocatalytic transformations and asymmetric α-halogenation have become an important and dynamic research topic in organic chemistry in recent years. Despite the growing research in asymmetric halogenation of carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones, there are no current examples in the literature of asymmetric halogenation of enolic systems even though many proposed reaction mechanisms go through enolate form. The research presented is the first example of enantioselective α-chlorination and α-bromination of α-hydroxyacrylate using organocatalysis and NMR studies towards achieving asymmetric induction of the enolic system. Despite the many publications that show when an organocatalyst binds to an aldehyde or ketone, …
Extraction Of Indicator Dyes Into Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids, Sarah Oplawski
Extraction Of Indicator Dyes Into Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids, Sarah Oplawski
Theses and Dissertations
Among the major classes of water pollutants, dyestuffs have proven to be particularly problematic, both in terms of the quantities released to the environment and the difficulties involved in their recovery from aqueous solution. Each year, textile mills worldwide discharge millions of gallons of dye-laden effluents, leading to significant adverse environmental impact as a consequence of the high chemical oxygen demand and toxicity of these effluent streams. For this reason, there has been considerable interest in the development of a means by which to remove dyes from aqueous waste streams. To accomplish this, textile mills generally employ a combination of …