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Full-Text Articles in Chemistry
Development Of A Fluorescent Indicator For Inorganic Monochloramine, Xiaojun Dong Zou
Development Of A Fluorescent Indicator For Inorganic Monochloramine, Xiaojun Dong Zou
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Current methods used to determine combined residual chlorine cannot distinguish between inorganic monochloramine (NH2Cl) and organic chloramines. Studies described in this thesis were carried out to develop a novel method of determining the concentration of inorganic monochloramine in aqueous solutions. Based on the observation that the reaction of 3-formyl-1-methylpyridinium chloride (3FMPCl) with NH2Cl produces a solution which is fluorescent, experiments were conducted to characterize the reaction and optimize the experimental conditions. Using the finalized protocol, NH2Cl measurements were made in the presence and absence of organic amines and compared with a commonly used N, …
Reactions Of Aqueous Chlorine With Alanylphenylalanine In Model Solutions And In A Wastewater, Thomas C. Fox
Reactions Of Aqueous Chlorine With Alanylphenylalanine In Model Solutions And In A Wastewater, Thomas C. Fox
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Model solutions of the dipeptide alanylphenylalanine were chlorinated to four different chlorine-to-amino nitrogen (Cl2/Ala-Phe) mole ratios and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. At mole ratios ≤ 1, N-chloroalanylphenylalanine was the only major product. As the Cl2/Ala-Phe mole ratio was increased to ≥ 2, N,N-dichloroalanylphenylalanine was the only major product. In model solutions (pH 7.0) the dichlorinated dipeptide decomposed (t1/2= 4.1 hr) to form a stable N-chloroketimine, which has a half-life of 125 hours. This N-chloroketimine then decomposed to form phenylalanine.
To follow these reactions in a wastewater, alanyl-p-[ …
Chlorination Products Of Glycylphenylalanine In Model Solutions And A Wastewater, Daniel J. Keefe
Chlorination Products Of Glycylphenylalanine In Model Solutions And A Wastewater, Daniel J. Keefe
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Model solutions of the dipeptide glycylphenylalanine were chlorinated to five different chlorine-to-amino nitrogen (Cl/N) mole ratios and analyzed after 30 min by high performance liquid chromatography. At mole ratios of ≤ 1, N-chloroglycylphenylalanine (I) appeared to be the only major product. At a mole ratio ≤ 2, N, N-dichloroglycylphenylalanine (II) was the only product. Compound II decomposes in model solutions (t1/2= 6.4 hr) at pH 7.0 to form a compound tentatively identified as an H-chloroaldimine (III). Compound III in turn decomposes (t1/2= 36 hr) in model solutions at pH 7. o to (IV) . From 13 …
Reactions Of Aqueous Chlorine With Valine In Model Solutions And In Wastewater, Erika Forrer Mccormick
Reactions Of Aqueous Chlorine With Valine In Model Solutions And In Wastewater, Erika Forrer Mccormick
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Solutions of the amino acid valine were chlorinated to seven chlorine-to-nitrogen mole (Cl/N) ratios and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The chlorination products found were N-chlorovaline, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyronitrile, and N-chloroisobutyraldimine. Their product distribution depends on the level of chlorination and pH. The main products identified at the lower CI/N mole ratios were N-chlorovaline and isobutyraldehyde, whereas at the higher CI/N mole ratios isobutyronitrile and N-chloroisobutyraldimine were identified as the main products. The concentration and the chlorination products of valine in municipal wastewater were also determined. The chlorination products of …
Stable N-Chloraldimines And Other Chlorination Products Of Phenylalanine In Model Solutions And In A Wastewater, Barbara L. Conyers
Stable N-Chloraldimines And Other Chlorination Products Of Phenylalanine In Model Solutions And In A Wastewater, Barbara L. Conyers
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Model solutions of the amino acid phenylalanine were chlorinated to seven Cl/N mole ratios. The by-products were characterized using gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, GC/MS, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. At the lower Cl/N ratios N-chlorophenylalanine and phenylacetaldehyde were identified as the main products while phenylacetonitrile and N-chlorophenylacetaldimine were the major products at Cl/N ratios of 2.0 and beyond. The concentration of phenylalanine in a municipal wastewater was determined. Using a radiotracer the chlorination products of phenylalanine in the wastewater at the 7 Cl/N ratios were identified as those seen in the model solutions. The distribution of …
Chemistry Of Organic N-Chloramines, Formation Of Arenesulfonamides By Derivatization Of Organic N-Chloramine With Sodium Arenesulfinate, Katherine F. Bowdring
Chemistry Of Organic N-Chloramines, Formation Of Arenesulfonamides By Derivatization Of Organic N-Chloramine With Sodium Arenesulfinate, Katherine F. Bowdring
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Organic N-chloramines are recognized by-products of chlorinated water systems. Because of their chemistry, none have been isolated or identified.
This paper discusses a method for the derivatization of the organic N-chloramines based on a nucleophillic substitution mechanism. N-Chloro derivatives of amines of various structures were studied including primary and secondary aliphatic amines, as well as amino acids. The effect of the presence of other functional groups including aromatic and unsaturated systems was investigated.
Derivatization was done by three different methods, one involving derivatization of the pure N-chloramine, and two involving derivatizations of the N-chloramine generated in situ. Seventeen arenesulfonamides have …