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2006

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Full-Text Articles in Chemistry

Path Integral Formulation Of Langeinv Dynamics With Applications To Rare-Event Systems, Bradley Dickson Dec 2006

Path Integral Formulation Of Langeinv Dynamics With Applications To Rare-Event Systems, Bradley Dickson

All Dissertations

In the last decade great efforts have been made to efficiently study the behaviors of rare-event systems. The methods and theories developed in pursuit of this goal are far from unified and are instead applied on a case-by-case basis where one makes a best educated guess as to which approach may afford the greatest chance of studying the rare-event system in question. The work contained here is directed at further development of one of these sets of methods and theories. Specifically, a new theory of dynamics in the Langevin path space is developed with emphasis on generating and sampling Langevin …

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Reaction Mechanism Of V(Ⅳ)/V(Ⅴ) Redox Couple At Graphite Felt Composite Electrode Bonded With Conductive Carbon Plastic, Xiao-Gang Li, Ke-Long Huang, Liusu-Qin Liusu-Qin, Ning Tan, Li-Quan Chen Nov 2006

Reaction Mechanism Of V(Ⅳ)/V(Ⅴ) Redox Couple At Graphite Felt Composite Electrode Bonded With Conductive Carbon Plastic, Xiao-Gang Li, Ke-Long Huang, Liusu-Qin Liusu-Qin, Ning Tan, Li-Quan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The rate-determining step of V(Ⅳ) /V(Ⅴ) redoxreaction was investigated at graphite felt(GF)composite electrode by various techniques: cyclic voltammetry,polarization curve and impedance spectroscopy.Cyclic voltammetry analysis indicated that V(Ⅳ) /V(Ⅴ) redox reaction at GF electrode is quasi reversible.Acertain chemical reaction step is suspected to follow the electron transfer step of this reaction.The Tafel slopevalue(0.124) obtained from the polarization curve agrees well with theoretical value(0.12),which supposingthe electron transfer step was the rate-determining step.Impedance Spectroscopies at various potentials werestudied and simulated by equivalentcircuits.The impedance value of the electron transfer step modified is greatlyhigher than the others,which shows that the electron transfer step is the …

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Electrochemical Characterization Of Positive Electrode Material Lini_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 In Different Electrolytes, Jing-Jing Liu, Wei-Hua Qiu, Ling-Yan Yu, Hai-Lei Zhao, Tao Li Nov 2006

Electrochemical Characterization Of Positive Electrode Material Lini_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2 In Different Electrolytes, Jing-Jing Liu, Wei-Hua Qiu, Ling-Yan Yu, Hai-Lei Zhao, Tao Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cathode materials LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2) were prepared by low-heating solid-state reaction.The micro-structure and morphology of as-synthesized materials have been investigated by using XRD and SEM.The compatibilities of LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2) with purchased LiPF_(6)/ EC+DMC+DEC electrolyte and prepared LiBOB/EC+DEC+EMC electrolyte have also been studied.The Li/LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_(2) batteries showed excellent electrochemical properties in the LiPF_(6)/ EC+DMC+DEC electrolyte.Reversible discharge capacities of 167、163、163、157、147mAh/g at 0.5C、1C、1.5C、2C、3C rate between 2.7~4.35 V,with stable cycling performances have been obtained.Comparatively,the specific capacity of 160 mAh/g at 0.5C was obtained in LiBOB/EC+DEC+DEC electrolyte,which was just a little lower than that in the other electrolyte.However,the high rate capability of the materials in LiBOB/EC+DEC+DEC was not as …

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The Synthesis,Structure And Electrochemical Performances Of Lithium Iron Phosphate, Hui Xie Nov 2006

The Synthesis,Structure And Electrochemical Performances Of Lithium Iron Phosphate, Hui Xie

Journal of Electrochemistry

The lithium iron phosphate cathode materials were synthesized by solid-state reaction combined high-rate ball milling under the temperature ranging from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃.The crystalline structure,morphology of particles,and electrochemical performance of the sample were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and charge-discharge test.The results showed that the sintering temperature had great influences on the crystal structure,morphology and electrochemical performances of LiFePO_(4).The sample synthesized under 600℃ showed the best charge-discharge performances with the first specific discharge capacity of(128.8) mAh/g and the 15~(th) specific discharge capacity of 129.1 mAh/g at 0.1C rate,each charge-discharge cycling efficiency being 99.7%.Also the sample showed good …

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Synthesis Of Monolithic Carbon/Nickel Oxide Composite Electrode Material And Cyclic Voltammetry Characteristics, Tian-Ying Guo, Jing-Wei Zhu, Mou-Dao Song, Bang-Hua Zhang Nov 2006

Synthesis Of Monolithic Carbon/Nickel Oxide Composite Electrode Material And Cyclic Voltammetry Characteristics, Tian-Ying Guo, Jing-Wei Zhu, Mou-Dao Song, Bang-Hua Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Monolithic carbon/nickel oxide composite materials were synthesized by carbonization of phenol formaldehyde gels that were ion-exchanged with Ni~(2+).Atomic absorption spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction technique were used to characterize the chemical composition and physical structure of the materials.The nickel dope amount for this method can reach 5.9 %(by mass).Subsequent cyclic voltammetry experiments indicate that the materials exhibit best capacitive performance at the nickel content of 4.4 %.

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Deep Treatment Of Pulping Wastewater Using Three Phase Fluidized Bed Electrode Reactor, Dan Wu Nov 2006

Deep Treatment Of Pulping Wastewater Using Three Phase Fluidized Bed Electrode Reactor, Dan Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Treatment of pulping wastewater by using a novel electrochemical reactor,i.e.the three phase fluidized bed electrode,reactor were invesigated.The effects of air flow rate,applied voltage,pH value and FeSO_(4) concentration on electrolysis efficiency were investigated.It was clearly shown that the 20 V of voltage,0.3 m~(3) h~(-1) of air flow rate,1000 mg L~(-1) of FeSO_(4) concentration and pH≈2.5 were its best conditions.COD removal could be 70.1% under these conditions.

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Electrochemical Behavior Of Buprofezin On Glass-Carbon Electrode, Qi Wang, Chang-Guo Chen Nov 2006

Electrochemical Behavior Of Buprofezin On Glass-Carbon Electrode, Qi Wang, Chang-Guo Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical behavior of Bup has been investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry,linear sweep voltammetry,differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry.The results indicate that the electrochemical behavior of Bup on the surface of glassy carbon electrode is corresponding to a irreversible two-protons and two-electrons process with absrption.The square wave voltammetry for determination of Bup in actual samples has been established.

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Facilitated Effect Of Ag To Oxygen Transportation In Pem Fuel Cell Air Cathodes, Hong-Feng Xu, Jian-Hua Dong, Xiang-Li Hou Nov 2006

Facilitated Effect Of Ag To Oxygen Transportation In Pem Fuel Cell Air Cathodes, Hong-Feng Xu, Jian-Hua Dong, Xiang-Li Hou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Silver(Ag) was deposited in the pores of Nafion membrane by ion exchange and succedent hydrogen reduction;the structures of Nafion-Ag membrane were measured by TEM and XRD,the diffusion coefficients of oxygen in Nafion-Ag was determined by electrochemical limited current method.The results showed that after deposited silver,the pores in the Nafion were enlarged by silver grains;the oxygen diffusion coefficient was increased about four times.By introducing silver in the thin Nafion film around the cathode catalyst,the performance of PEM fuel cell have a evident increasing in high current density, which shows the facilitated effects of silver to oxygen transportation in PEM fuel cell.

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Column Thin-Layer Electrolytic Self-Regenerating Suppressor For Ion Chromatography, Wei-Xiong Huang, Rong-Zong Hu, Shu-Chao Wu, Dan-Mei Pan Nov 2006

Column Thin-Layer Electrolytic Self-Regenerating Suppressor For Ion Chromatography, Wei-Xiong Huang, Rong-Zong Hu, Shu-Chao Wu, Dan-Mei Pan

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new type of column thin-layer electrolytic selfregenerating suppressor for ion chromatography was proposed.A porous electrode was used in this suppressor,incorporating the electrode and the electrolyte compartment,and eliminating the voltage across the electrolyte compartment.The design of the column thin-layer configuration of suppression compartment simplified the structure of suppressor and reduced the dead volume,improving the performance of suppressor.

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Structure And Electrochemical Characteristics Of Lifepo_4 Prepared By The Polyacrylates-Pyrolysis-Reduction Method For Li-Ion Batteries, Li-Hong Yu, Yu-Liang Cao, Xiao-Fei Zhang, Han-Xi Yang, Xin-Ping Ai Nov 2006

Structure And Electrochemical Characteristics Of Lifepo_4 Prepared By The Polyacrylates-Pyrolysis-Reduction Method For Li-Ion Batteries, Li-Hong Yu, Yu-Liang Cao, Xiao-Fei Zhang, Han-Xi Yang, Xin-Ping Ai

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cathode material of olivine LiFePO_(4) was prepared by a novel method of polyacrylate-pyrolysis-reduction.XRD demonstrates that the material have the olivine structure.SEM photo shows an average particle-size of about 100 nm with a well distribution.Electrochemical test of cycling at a constant current reveals the discharge capacity of 138 mAh/g and a good cycling stability.It is a novel practicable technology to prepare LiFePO_(4) by using polyacrylate-pyrolysis-reduction method.

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Stm Tip-Induced Nanostructuring-Replacement Method To Construct Pt Surface Nanostructures, Jin-Gang Wang, Jing Tang, Zhao-Bin Chen, Bing-Wei Mao Nov 2006

Stm Tip-Induced Nanostructuring-Replacement Method To Construct Pt Surface Nanostructures, Jin-Gang Wang, Jing Tang, Zhao-Bin Chen, Bing-Wei Mao

Journal of Electrochemistry

STM tip-induced surface nanostructuring based on "Jump-to-contact" mechanism is a nanostructuring technique that has the highest resolution in aqueous solutions.However,for metals that have high cohesive energy,atoms would transfer from surface to tip instead,which limits the wide application of this technique.In this paper,we present a two-step Nanostructuring-Replacement method to construct metal nanoclusters that cannot be obtained directly via the "Jump-to-contact" mechanism.The method is demonstrated to construct Pt nanoclusters that are of great interest in catalysis and electrocatalysis but cannot be constructed via the "Jump-to-contact" mechanism.Since Cu is the most intensively studied and successful system in the tip-induced nanostructuring,it is utilized as …

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Preparation And Electrochemical Property Of Bam Boo-Shaped Silicon Nanotubes, Zeng-Tao Liu, Yan-Peng Fu, Chen Li, Yong Yang Nov 2006

Preparation And Electrochemical Property Of Bam Boo-Shaped Silicon Nanotubes, Zeng-Tao Liu, Yan-Peng Fu, Chen Li, Yong Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel 1D bamboo-shaped silicon nanotubes was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition with Au catalyst and their electrochemical properties were primarily studied.The results showed that these silicon nanotubes were amorphous with the length about tens micrometer and the diameter about one hundred nanometer.Cyclic voltammetry studies showed that Li ions could intercalate into such silicon nanotubes at two location,i.e.,from the conjoint location and the wall of the hole.Meanwhile,the bamboo-shaped structure could help release the expansion of volume,which is usually serious in the lithium batteries.

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Preparation And Electrochemical Characterization Of Anatase Tio_2 Nanotubes, Bin Cao, Jin-Wei Xu, Ling-Hong Ding, Wei-Feng Zhang Nov 2006

Preparation And Electrochemical Characterization Of Anatase Tio_2 Nanotubes, Bin Cao, Jin-Wei Xu, Ling-Hong Ding, Wei-Feng Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Titanium oxide nanotubes were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of anatase-type TiO_(2) powders and NaOH solution in an autoclave.Transmission Electron Microscopy and X-ray Diffraction showed that the product is anatase-type TiO_(2) nanotubes.The constant charge-discharge current and cyclic voltammetry exhibited the TiO_(2) nanotubes have a large initial lithium insertion capacity of 260 mA·h/g and good reversibility.This study indicates that TiO_(2) nanotubes might be a good negative electrode materical for second lithium battery in the future.

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Fabrication Of Gold Electrode Array Based On Co_2 Laser Ablation, Wei Zhang, Jiang-Qun Xiao, Yong-Liang Zhou Nov 2006

Fabrication Of Gold Electrode Array Based On Co_2 Laser Ablation, Wei Zhang, Jiang-Qun Xiao, Yong-Liang Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

A rapid process is described to produce single or multiple electrodes of any shape based on CO_(2) laser ablation for microfluidic chip.The method is as follow: coating a kind of material as sacrifice layer on a piece of glass with sputtered Cr and Au;designing the needed pattern on a computer;selecting proper parameters and ablating with CO_(2) laser;wiping of Au/Cr and sacrifice layer,and obtain electrodes at last.The microfluidic chip was gotten by reversely bonding with a piece of PDMS,and sealing around with PDMS prepolymer.The mask' effect is the main factor that influencing electrode quality.The width of electrodes could be 100 μm.Demonstrated …

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Electrochemical Behavior Of Tanshinoneⅱa And Its Determination, Guang-Wen Li, Xin-Hua Lin, Xiao-Yan Lin Nov 2006

Electrochemical Behavior Of Tanshinoneⅱa And Its Determination, Guang-Wen Li, Xin-Hua Lin, Xiao-Yan Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behavior of TanshinoneⅡA was investigated by voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode.And Differential Pulse Voltammetric method for determination of TanshinoneⅡA was developed.In pH 4.0 acetate buffer solution,the relationship between oxidation peak current of Differential Pulse Voltammetric and the concentration of Tanshinone ⅡA was linear in the range of 3.0×10 ~(-7)～2.0×10 ~(–5) mol·L~(-1).The detection limit had been estimated as 2.0×10~(-8) mol·L~(-1).The interference of other components in the preparation could be efficiently eliminated by the glassy carbon electrode.This method can be used for the determination of TanshinoneⅡA in real sample with satisfactory results

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Fabrication And Characterization Of Gadolinium Hexacyanoferrate Modified Electrode, Yan-Mao Shi, Pan Du, Ping Wu, Yao-Ming Zhou, Chen-Xin Cai Nov 2006

Fabrication And Characterization Of Gadolinium Hexacyanoferrate Modified Electrode, Yan-Mao Shi, Pan Du, Ping Wu, Yao-Ming Zhou, Chen-Xin Cai

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new electroactive polynuclear inorganic compound of rare earth metal hexacyanoferrate,gadolinium hexacyanoferrate(GdCHF),was prepared by electrochemically deposition on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode with a potential cycling procedure.The result of SEM indicated that the GdHCF was in the form of particles adhered on the surface of electrode.There were two different shapes and sizes of GdHCF forming on the surface of electrode.FTIR spectrum of GdHCF showed a very strong and sharp peak,which located at 2062.5 cm~(-1) and corresponded to the stretching vibration of the C≡N group in the GdHCF.The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that the GdHCF/GC electrode exhibited two pairs …

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Synergistic Functions Of Trimethl Phosphate And Vinylene Carbonate As Additives For The Li-Ion Batteries, Zhi-Yuan Tang, Yan-Bing He, Quan-Sheng Song, Yu-Hong Chen, Yuan-Gang Liu, Qiang Liu Nov 2006

Synergistic Functions Of Trimethl Phosphate And Vinylene Carbonate As Additives For The Li-Ion Batteries, Zhi-Yuan Tang, Yan-Bing He, Quan-Sheng Song, Yu-Hong Chen, Yuan-Gang Liu, Qiang Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cooperative effects of trimethl phosphate and vinylene carbonate as additives for Li-ion batteries are investigated by using the cyclic voltammetry,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electronic micro-photographs.The results show that the combination application of TMP and VC as additives for Li-ion batteries not only enhances safety of the batteries,but also improves their cycling performance.The reason may be ascribed to firstly VC being reduced and the reduction product polymerized to form excellent solid electrolyte interface(SEI) layer on the surface of graphite electrode during the first charge and discharge process,which prevents effectively the decomposition of TMP on the surface of the graphite …

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Novel Electrochemical Method For Synthesis Of Nanostructured Materials Of Noble Metals Based On Poly(N-Vinylpyrrolidone) (Pvp), Wei Pan Nov 2006

Novel Electrochemical Method For Synthesis Of Nanostructured Materials Of Noble Metals Based On Poly(N-Vinylpyrrolidone) (Pvp), Wei Pan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Gold nanocrystals with controllable size were synthesized through a simple electroreduction method using poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)(PVP) of different polymerization degree as both stabilizer and shape-controller for gold nanoclusters.Individual gold nanoparticles spontaneously assembled into the wire-and ring-shaped nanoparticle aggregates depending on the PVP's dynamic stretching and curling,and precursor nanoparticles grew into flat,single-crystalline nanoprisms with thickness of dozens of nanometers based on the oriented aggregation between particles.Besides,core-shell Au/Ag nanoparticles were conveniently synthesized through two-step electroreduction of noble metal ions in the presence of PVPK30.The electrochemical synthetic method based on PVP provides a new path for preparation of noble metal nanostructured materials with different shape …

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Phase-Transfer Technique For Polymer-Protected Noble Metal Nanoparticles, Xing-Li Feng Nov 2006

Phase-Transfer Technique For Polymer-Protected Noble Metal Nanoparticles, Xing-Li Feng

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel phase-transfer method was developed based on the decrease of PVP's solubility in water with increasing temperature,by means of which PVP-protected gold,silver and platinum nanoparticles can be conveniently transferred from aqueous phase to 1-butanol phase.Monodispersed metal nanoparticles were electrochemically synthesized at first in the aqueous,and then 1-butanol of appropriate volume was added to the aqueous phase.Heating the oil-water mixture to 80 ℃ under vigorous stirring would make metal nanoparticles leave the aqueous phase and enter into the 1-butanol phase,with high phasetransfer efficiency and without aggregation between nanoparticles.An electrochemical method to synthesize metal nanoparticles in the oil-water mixtures was further …

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Study Of The Electrooxidation Of Glycerol On Oxide And Pd/C Composite Catalysts, Zhi-Yuan Yan, Chang-Wei Xu, Pei-Kang Shen Nov 2006

Study Of The Electrooxidation Of Glycerol On Oxide And Pd/C Composite Catalysts, Zhi-Yuan Yan, Chang-Wei Xu, Pei-Kang Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Oxide and Pd on carbon composite catalysts have been prepared by intermittent microwave heating(IMH) method.The performance of the catalysts for glycerol oxidation in alkaline solution is studied by electrochemical techniques.It is shown that the Pd/C catalyst is active for glycerol electrooxidation.However,the oxide-Pd/C catalysts are even better in terms of the onset potential that is more negative and peak current density.The ratio of oxide to Pd is optimized according to the electrochemical measurement.The results reveal that the addition of oxide into the Pd/C induces the synergistic effect for glycerol electrooxidation.

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Electrochemical Properties Of The Modified Carbon Nanotubes, Chun-An Ma Nov 2006

Electrochemical Properties Of The Modified Carbon Nanotubes, Chun-An Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

Powder micro-electrodes were prepared from raw carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotubes modified by carboxyl.The electro-reduction properties of both the raw and open-ended carbon nanotubes in p-Nitrophenol solution were investigated.The FTIR spectrum result indicated that the functional groups are successfully fixed on the surface of the carbon nanotubes after nitric acid treatment.The cyclic voltammetry results show that the electrochemical activity of carboxyl-modified carbon nanotubes was improved.The mechanism of electro-(reduction) for the carbon nanotubes after acid treatment was discussed.

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Studies And Applications Of Phosphoric Acid Treatment On Low Voltage Formed Aluminum Foils, Lan Sun Nov 2006

Studies And Applications Of Phosphoric Acid Treatment On Low Voltage Formed Aluminum Foils, Lan Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The surface of low voltage formed foil for Al electrolysis capacitors is treated with phosphoric acid solution.The effects of concentration of phosphoric acid solution,temperature and process time on specific capacitance and the time of hydration resistance with standing voltage are studied.The optimum condition is presented.The properties of low voltage formed foil have been improved by applying this method on the product line.

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Rovibrational Resonance Effects In Collision-Induced Electronic Energy Transfer: I2(E,V=0-2)+Cf4, J. M. Hutchison, Benjamin Robert Booth Carlisle , '05, Thomas Alex Stephenson Nov 2006

Rovibrational Resonance Effects In Collision-Induced Electronic Energy Transfer: I2(E,V=0-2)+Cf4, J. M. Hutchison, Benjamin Robert Booth Carlisle , '05, Thomas Alex Stephenson

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

Collisions of I-2 in the E(0(g)(+)) electronic state with CF4 molecules induce electronic energy transfer to the nearby D, beta, and D-' ion-pair states. Simulations of dispersed fluorescence spectra reveal collision-induced electronic energy transfer rate constants and final vibrational state distributions within each final electronic state. In comparison with earlier reports on I-2(upsilon(E)=0-2) collisions with He or Ar atoms, we find markedly different dynamics when I-2, excited to the same rovibronic states, collides with CF4. Final vibrational state distributions agree with the associated Franck-Condon factors with the initially prepared state to a greater degree than those found with He or …

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The Interaction Between Hydrogen And Various Carbon Allotropes Calculated Using Bond-Order Potentials, Michael Knippenberg Nov 2006

The Interaction Between Hydrogen And Various Carbon Allotropes Calculated Using Bond-Order Potentials, Michael Knippenberg

All Dissertations

Carbon-based materials are an exciting component of materials science. The understanding of interactions at the atomic level provide useful information for creating materials with specific properties. This dissertation examines three hydrocarbon systems: amorphous carbon (with and without hydrogenation), hydrogen adsorption in carbon nanotubes, and reconstructions of the diamond surface.
A melting/quenching procedure is used to produce amorphous carbon films at 2.0, 2.6, and 3.0 g/cm3. The sp3 fraction at each density is calculated and found to be qualitatively similar to experimental data at low densities. The inclusion of hydrogen in the amorphous film causes the sp3 …

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Posterminaries: After Nabarro, Alexander H. King Nov 2006

Posterminaries: After Nabarro, Alexander H. King

Alexander H. King

With the passing of Frank Nabarro in July of this year, we have lost one of the founding fathers of materials science. His name appears in many of the textbooks from which we train our students today, and also on the spines of several volumes on dislocation theory, including his classic monograph on the subject. He rightly stands among the gods of our field. Ninety years old at his death, he was a sprightly dancer at the frontiers of knowledge, right up to the end.

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Posterminaries: The Scales Of Judgement, Alexander H. King Sep 2006

Posterminaries: The Scales Of Judgement, Alexander H. King

Alexander H. King

Materials scientists are generally well-versed in physics, and physics, above all, is a science of measurements. The first instinct of a physicist is to parse a problem in terms of its measurables in the dimensions of mass, length, and time, and it is the shifting of attention down the scale of length that particularly characterizes our present times as the Nano Age.

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Low-Energy Nondipole Effects In Molecular Nitrogen Valence-Shell Photoionization, Oliver Hemmers, Renaud Guillemin, D. Rolles, A. Wolska, Dennis W. Lindle, E. P. Kanter, B. Krassig, S. H. Southworth, R. Wehlitz, B. Zimmermann, V. Mckoy, P. W. Langhoff Sep 2006

Low-Energy Nondipole Effects In Molecular Nitrogen Valence-Shell Photoionization, Oliver Hemmers, Renaud Guillemin, D. Rolles, A. Wolska, Dennis W. Lindle, E. P. Kanter, B. Krassig, S. H. Southworth, R. Wehlitz, B. Zimmermann, V. Mckoy, P. W. Langhoff

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Observations are reported for the first time of significant nondipole effects in the photoionization of the outer-valence orbitals of diatomic molecules. Measured nondipole angular-distribution parameters for the 3σg, 1πu, and 2σu shells of N2 exhibit spectral variations with incident photon energies from thresholds to ∼200  eV which are attributed via concomitant calculations to particular final-state symmetry waves arising from (E1)⊗(M1,E2) radiation-matter interactions first-order in photon momentum. Comparisons with previously reported K-edge studies in N2 verify linear scaling with photon momentum, accounting in part for the significantly enhanced nondipole behavior observed in inner-shell ionization …

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Silica-Coated Lanthanum-Strontium Manganites For Hyperthermia Treatments, Vuk Uskoković, Aljoša Košak, Miha Drofenik Sep 2006

Silica-Coated Lanthanum-Strontium Manganites For Hyperthermia Treatments, Vuk Uskoković, Aljoša Košak, Miha Drofenik

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

La0.76Sr0.24MnO3 + δ particles, prepared by performing a traditional, solid-state method of synthesis, were coated by uniform layers of silica via initiating hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS in aqueous–alcoholic alkali environment. The eventually obtained samples exhibited Curie temperature at ∼40 °C, and comprised core-shell particles of ∼250 nm in diameter. By varying stoichiometric ratio of cations within manganite cores of the particles, Curie point of the resulting material can be varied too, thus opening a way for the simple design of biocompatible, temperature-self-regulating particles for application in hyperthermia treatments, with Curie point thereof adjusted to …

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Calcined Temperatures Influence On Synthesis And Electrochemistry Charactarization Of Li[Ni_(0.475)Mn_(0.475)Co_(0.05)]O_(2) For Li-Ion Batteries, Li-Qin Wang, Li-Fang Jiao, Hua-Tang Yuan Aug 2006

Calcined Temperatures Influence On Synthesis And Electrochemistry Charactarization Of Li[Ni_(0.475)Mn_(0.475)Co_(0.05)]O_(2) For Li-Ion Batteries, Li-Qin Wang, Li-Fang Jiao, Hua-Tang Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Layered Li[Ni_(0.475)Mn_(0.475)Co_(0.05)]O_(2) materials have been prepared by a solid-state pyrolysis method.Experiments of XRD,SEM,cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge cycling were carried out.It can be learned that when calclined at 800 ℃,the sample showed the highest first discharge capacity of 178.8 mAh·g~(-1) at a current density of 20 mA/g in the voltage range 2.3~4.6 V.

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Pre-Oxidative Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Incorporated With Carbon Nanotube And Pbo_(2), Hong-Lan Qi, Cheng-Xiao Zhang Aug 2006

Pre-Oxidative Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Incorporated With Carbon Nanotube And Pbo_(2), Hong-Lan Qi, Cheng-Xiao Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A pre-oxidative amperometric glucose biosensor incorporated with carbon nanotube,ferrocenemonocarboxylic acid and PbO_(2) was designed.The interferences coming from reduced substances,such as ascoribic acid and urine acid were eliminated by PbO_(2).The oxidative current is linear at the potential of +0.40 V(vs.SCE) to the concentration of glucose in the range from 0.50 to 20 mmol·L~(-1),and the detection limit of glucose is 0.1 mol L~(-1).The relative standard deviation is 3.3% for seven successive assays at 5.0 mmol·L~(-1)glucose.This biosensors have been applied to determination of the glucose in serum with satisfying results.

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