Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Re: Comments On The Repository And Haul Route Geotechnical Pre-Design Investigation Work Plan (Dated March 29, 2024), Repository And Proposed Haul Route – Silver Bow Creek Conservation Area Quality Assurance Project Plan (Dated March 29, 2024), And Silver Bow Creek Conservation Area Repository Data Gap Quality Assurance Project Plan (Dated March 22, 2024), Emma Rott

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Repository And Haul Route Geotechnical Pre-Design Investigation (Pdi) Work Plan, Jacobs Engineering Group

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Bmfou Pilot Project Rfc - Request For Change, Nikia Greene, Daryl Reed

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Tree-Ring Reconstruction Of Ouachita River Streamflow, Keaton Cade Jenkins-Joyce

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Ouachita River drains the Ouachita Mountains and Upper Coastal Plain in Arkansas and Louisiana. The Ouachita River is used for navigation, power generation, recreation, water supply, and wastewater treatment. The river has been prone to low flows during drought and extreme flooding, which were principal justifications for the construction of three large multipurpose dams on the stream. It is likely that the use of the Ouachita River will be stressed by future population growth, economic expansion, and climate change. For this study, tree-ring chronologies from various locations in and near the Ouachita River drainage basin were used to reconstruct …

Understanding Controls On Spring Hydrographs In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer In North-Central Florida, Ryan Almeqhem

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Florida has one of the largest karst aquifers in the United States, with a significant portion of its water resources originating from the eogenetic karst system in north central Florida. Despite the importance of this system, eogenetic karst still needs to be studied compared to telogenetic karst. The hydrological behavior of karst aquifers is complex, with numerous factors influencing the timing, magnitude, and shape of spring hydrographs. One hypothesis, by Florea and Vacher (2006), suggests that matrix permeability is the primary control of spring hydrographs in karst systems. However, this thesis challenges this hypothesis by presenting evidence that the recharge …

Understanding Controls On Spring Hydrographs In An Eogenetic Karst Aquifer In North-Central Florida, Ryan Almeqhem

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Florida has one of the largest karst aquifers in the United States, with a significant portion of its water resources originating from the eogenetic karst system in north central Florida. Despite the importance of this system, eogenetic karst still needs to be studied compared to telogenetic karst. The hydrological behavior of karst aquifers is complex, with numerous factors influencing the timing, magnitude, and shape of spring hydrographs. One hypothesis, by Florea and Vacher (2006), suggests that matrix permeability is the primary control of spring hydrographs in karst systems. However, this thesis challenges this hypothesis by presenting evidence that the recharge …

Impact Of Climate Oscillations/Indices On Hydrological Variables In The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer., Meena Raju

Theses and Dissertations

The Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer (MRVAA) is one of the most productive agricultural regions in the United States. The main objectives of this research are to identify long term trends and change points in hydrological variables (streamflow and rainfall), to assess the relationship between hydrological variables, and to evaluate the influence of global climate indices on hydrological variables. Non-parametric tests, MMK and Pettitt’s tests were used to analyze trend and change points. PCC and Streamflow elasticity analysis were used to analyze the relationship between streamflow and rainfall and the sensitivity of streamflow to rainfall changes. PCC and MLR analysis …

Dynamic Mass Loss From Greenland's Peripheral Glaciers, Katherine E. Bollen

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

While global glacier mass balance has decreased rapidly over the last two decades, mass loss has been greatest in regions with marine-terminating glaciers. In Greenland, peripheral glaciers and ice caps (GICs) cover only ~5% of Greenland’s area but contributed ~14-20% of the island’s ice mass loss between 2003-2008. Although Greenland GIC’s mass loss due to surface meltwater runoff have been estimated using atmospheric models, mass loss due to changes in ice discharge into surrounding ocean basins (i.e., dynamic mass loss) remains unquantified. Here, we use the flux gate method to estimate discharge from Greenland’s 594 marine-terminating peripheral glaciers between 1985 …

Distributary Channel Networks As Moving Boundaries: Causes And Morphodynamic Effects, Robert C. Mahon, John B. Shaw, Wun-Tao Ke, Christopher A. Cathcart

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

We propose an exploratory model to describe the morphodynamics of distributary channel network growth on river deltas. The interface between deep channels and the shallow, unchannelized delta front deposits is modeled as a moving boundary. Steady flow over the unchannelized delta front is friction dominated and modeled by Laplace's equation. Shear stress along the network boundary produces nonlinear erosion rates at the interface, causing the boundary to move and network elements (channels and branches) to form. The model was run for boundary conditions resembling the Wax Lake Delta in coastal Louisiana, 20 parameterizations of sediment transport, and 3 …

Solute Fluxes Through Restored Prairie And Intensively Managed Critical Zones In Nebraska And Iowa, Ashlee L. Dere, Andrew W. Miller, Amy M. Hemje, Sara K. Parcher, Courtney A. Capalli, E. Arthur Bettis Iii

Geography and Geology Faculty Publications

Agricultural activities in the Midwestern United States have potentially altered geochemical fluxes within the critical zone (CZ) compared to native prairie systems that previously dominated the region. To quantify the impact of agricultural land use on soil and stream solute behavior, we are studying two watersheds in the region: Glacier Creek Preserve (GCP) in eastern Nebraska and the Intensively Managed Landscapes Critical Zone Observatory (IML-CZO) in eastern Iowa. Both watersheds were initially under agricultural land use for over 100 years, but part of each watershed was restored to prairie 20 – 50 years ago. Soils at both sites formed in …

Quantifying The Concentration And Penetration Depth Of Long-Lived Rons In Plasma Activated Water By Uv Absorption Spectroscopy, Zhijie Liu, Chunxi Zhou, Dingxin Liu, Tongtong He, Li Guo, Dehui Xu, Michael G. Kong

Bioelectrics Publications

Reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species (RONS) are believed to play a key role in biomedical applications, which means that RONS must reach the target tissue to produce a therapeutic effect. Existing methods (electron spin spectrometry and microplate reading) to determine the RONS concentration are not suitable for experimental real-time measurements because they require adding an indicating reagent to the plasma-treated medium, which may alter the chemical composition of the medium. In this paper, we propose a method to measure the long-lived RONS concentration in plasma-activated water (PAW) by using UV absorption spectroscopy. Based on an analysis and fit of …

Land-Use Impacts On The Hydrology Of The Hidden River Groundwater Subbasin, Horse Cave, Hart County, Kentucky, Cesalea N. Osborne

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

No abstract provided.

Long-Term Evolution Of Sand Transport Through A River Network: Relative Influences Of A Dam Versus Natural Changes In Grain Size From Sand Waves, David J. Topping, Erich R. Mueller, John C. Schmidt, Ronald E. Griffiths, David J. Dean, Paul E. Grams

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Temporal and spatial nonuniformity in supplies of water and sand in a river network leads to sand transport that is in local disequilibrium with the upstream sand supply. In such river networks, sand is transported downstream as elongating waves in which coupled changes in grain size and transport occur. Depending on the magnitude of each sand-supplying event and the interval between such events, changes in bed-sand grain size associated with sand-wave passage may more strongly regulate sand transport than do changes in water discharge. When sand transport is controlled more by episodic resupply of sand than by discharge, upstream dam …

The Efficacy Of Best Management Practices On Peak Discharge And Contaminant Loads In Agricultural Drainage Systems, Blue Earth River Watershed, South-Central Minnesota, Usa, Zach Hilgendorf

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Conversion of native land cover to row crop agriculture and anthropogenically modified hydrology, correlates with increases in peak discharge, annual discharge, sediment and nutrient loads in agricultural land-use dominated watersheds within the Mississippi River basin. This results in environmental issues related to turbidity, eutrophication-hypoxia, loss of biodiversity, natural resource degradation, reduction in tourism, and more. In no place is this more obvious than the ever-growing "Dead Zone" in the Gulf of Mexico. The Minnesota River basin, the largest tributary to the Mississippi River in Minnesota, is a disproportionately large contributor of sediment (~80-90%), nitrogen (~56%), and phosphorus (~45%) to the …

The Role Of Channel Fens In Permafrost Degradation Induced Changes In Peatland Discharge At Scotty Creek, Nt, Lindsay Elena Stone

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Permafrost degradation in the peat-rich southern fringe of the discontinuous permafrost zone is producing substantial changes to land cover with concomitant expansion of permafrost-free wetlands (bogs and fens) and shrinkage of forest supported by permafrost peat plateaus. Predicting discharge from headwater basins in this region depends on understanding and numerically representing the interactions between storage and discharge within and between the major land cover types, and how these interactions are changing. To better understand the implications of land cover change on wetland discharge, the hydrological behaviour of a channel fen in the headwaters of Scotty Creek, Northwest Territories, Canada, dominated …

Modeling Spring Catchment Discharge: A Case Study Of Candela, Panama, Central America, Jordan P. Van Sickle

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Where the proper geological and hydrological conditions exist, natural springs have provided a reliable source of clean water to mankind for eons. Changing climates and land development can negatively impact spring source replenishment and threaten their reliability as a source of water. In the face of prospects of diminishing supplies and increasing population demands, community leaders question whether and how to invest in development for enhancing sustainability and protecting water quality, causing water managers to dispute their reliability given decreasing flows. Springs located in the rugged jungle of western Panama serve as the primary water supply for many indigenous communities, …

Determining Discharge From The Fallasburg Dam And The Hydrology Of The Flat River Bypass Channel, Lowell, Michigan, Seth Kuiper

Masters Theses

The Fallasburg Dam on the Flat River is required to release 110 cfs to the Bypass Channel. Residents have often reported low flows in the river, especially during the summer. The hydrology of the Bypass Channel downstream from the dam was investigated to determine whether the required flow was being released. Discharge measured at multiple transects reveal a shifts from gaining to losing conditions during the year. Gaining conditions occur during the spring and after significant rain events; losing conditions occur in the summer during dry periods. Five discharge measurements in 2013 and three in 2014 reveal flows less than …

Derivation Of Correction Coefficients For Stream Velocities, Upper Little Miami River Basin, Oh, Matthew S. Cheney

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The simplest method of determining stream velocity involves measuring how long it takes a floating object or material to move a certain distance downstream. This study tested a dog toy (mini tennis ball), a 2 inch diameter piece of pumice, a playing card, a full 16.9 oz. water bottle, and milk. The floats were released where the maximum velocity of the stream was found through the use of profiling with a simple flowmeter. The real-time data from a USGS-gaged stream only shows discharge and gage height (stage); it does not show velocity. However, the historic USGS-technician stream-flow-verification data for a …

Dispersion And Characterization Of Arc Discharge Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Towards Conducting Transparent Films, Benedikt Rosner, Dirk Guldi, Jun Chen, Andrew Minett, Rainer H. Fink

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

This study addresses a combination of a well-developed and mild dispersion method and high-quality arc discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as starting materials. Thus, we advance in fabrication of transparent, conducting films with extraordinary low material loss during SWCNT processing. The starting material was characterized by means of thermogravimetric analysis, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The quality of the starting material and produced dispersions was evaluated by ultraviolet and visible light absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. A transparent conductive film was fabricated by drop-casting, whereas films were obtained with electrical to optical conductivity ratios (σDC/σOp) as high as …

A Study On The Charge-Discharge Mechanism Of Co3o4 As An Anode For The Li Ion Secondary Battery, Yong-Mook Kang, Min-Sang Song, Jin-Ho Kim, Hyun-Seok Kim, Min-Sik Park, Jai-Young Lee, Hua-Kun Liu, S X. Dou

Shi Xue Dou

Co3O4 has shown acceptable electrochemical properties as the anode material of Li secondary batteries. In detail, its capacity reached about 700 mAh/g, twice as high as graphite, and 93.4% of initial capacity was retained after 100 cycles. EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) analyses revealed that after the 1st cycle, the insertion or extraction of Li ions in Co3O4 can occur homogeneously and reversibly (randless-like behavior, homogeneous mixture: Co + Li2O (in the state of Li insertion), Co3O4 (in the state of Li extraction)). In fact, the coulombic efficiency of Co3O4 was almost 100% except for the 1st cycle. According to P. …

A Study Of The Spawning Ecology And Early Life History Survival Of Bonneville Cutthroat Trout, Phaedra E. Budy, Sarah Wood, Brett B. Roper

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

We completed a large-scale field experiment in four tributaries of the Logan River, Utah, where the largest metapopulation of imperiled Bonneville cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii utah persists. We documented the spatial and temporal distributions of spawners, quantified substrate use versus substrate availability, and evaluated differences in hatch and emergence fry success between and among sites in relation to habitat characteristics. We observed considerable variability in the timing, magnitude, and duration of spawning among study areas (streams), in part as a function of a variable, multipeaked hydrograph. Nevertheless, across study areas, >70% of redds were constructed on the final descending limb …

A Conceptual Model Of An Arctic Sea, P. St-Laurent, F. Straneo, D. G. Barber

CCPO Publications

We propose a conceptual model for an Arctic sea that is driven by river runoff, atmospheric fluxes, sea ice melt/growth, and winds. The model domain is divided into two areas, the interior and boundary regions, that are coupled through Ekman and eddy fluxes of buoyancy. The model is applied to Hudson and James Bays (HJB, a large inland basin in northeastern Canada) for the period 1979-2007. Several yearlong records from instruments moored within HJB show that the model results are consistent with the real system. The model notably reproduces the seasonal migration of the halocline, the baroclinic boundary current, spatial …

The Path From Foster Care To Permanence: Does Proximity Outweigh Stability?, Michael Fost

Mathematics Theses

This thesis investigates the relationship between foster care placement settings and discharges. Placement settings are where foster children live: foster homes, group homes, etc. There may be one or several placements for any individual child. In the interest of stability, federal funding to states depends in part on low numbers of placement moves. Federal reviews, however, do not consider whether the placement settings resemble permanent family life (foster homes compared to congregate care) or the direction of placement moves. Competing risks regression was used to analyze time to discharge data of foster children in Georgia. Discharges (competing risks) were compared …

Lead-Acid Battery Model Under Discharge With A Fast Splitting Method, R. Corban Harwood, Valipuram S. Manoranjan, Dean B. Edwards

Faculty Publications - Department of Mathematics

A mathematical model of a valve-regulated lead-acid battery under discharge is presented as simplified from a standard electrodynamics model. This nonlinear reaction–diffusion model of a battery cell is solved using an operator splitting method to quickly and accurately simulate sulfuric acid concentration. This splitting method incorporates one-sided approximation schemes to preserve continuity over material interfaces encompassing discontinuous parameters. Numerical results are compared with measured data by calculating battery voltage from modeled acid concentration as derived from the Nernst equation.

Identification Of Patterns And Controls Of The Distribution Of Groundwater Discharge To Streams, Curtis Gebhard

All Theses

Groundwater discharge is a key component in understanding the interaction between groundwater and surface water. It provides baseflow to streams and can transport nutrients and contaminants to related aquatic ecosystems. It can also influence fish behaviour, spawning, migration and provide areas of refuge during summer and winter months. There are a variety of techniques that are used to characterize the magnitude of groundwater discharge including seepage meters, field permeameters, and piezometers and manometers, however the controls for the magnitude and distribution of discharge remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to conduct field investigations complimented with numerical analysis …

Slides: Drilling Waste, Blake Scott

Opportunities and Obstacles to Reducing the Environmental Footprint of Natural Gas Development in Uintah Basin (October 14)

Presenter: Blake Scott, Scott Environmental Services, Inc.

24 slides

Sediment Flux Through The Rio Grande River: A Monsoonal Effect, Troy C. Hiatt

Theses and Dissertations

Climate has historically been recognized as an influence on sediment flux and deposition. The North American Monsoon is suggested as the forcing mechanism of deltaic progradational events of the Rio Grande River delta. Interpretations of reflection seismic profiles reveal that eustatic rise in sea-level from the Last Glacial Maximum to present is accompanied by several regressional events of the Rio Grande delta 5.5, 9.5, and 11.5 ka BP. Much of the migration of depositional facies within a delta system is forced by hinterland tectonics and base-level rise and fall. However, we suggest that the movement of facies within the Rio …

Slides: Climate Change And The Death Of Stationarity: A New Era For Western Water?, Stephen T. Gray

Western Water Law, Policy and Management: Ripples, Currents, and New Channels for Inquiry (Martz Summer Conference, June 3-5)

Presenter: Steven T. Gray, Wyoming State Climatologist, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY

48 slides

Slides: Groundwater Declines, Climate Change And Approaches To Adaptation, Katharine Jacobs

Western Water Law, Policy and Management: Ripples, Currents, and New Channels for Inquiry (Martz Summer Conference, June 3-5)

Presenter: Katharine Jacobs, Director of the Arizona Water Institute, University of Arizona

37 slides

Discharge Monitoring, Chemical Characterization, And Source Identification Of Springs Along The East Side Of Southern Cache Valley, Utah, Aric Alan Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Discharge monitoring and water sampling of springs in the southeastern portion of Cache Valley, Utah was performed in order to determine recharge sources and the cause of decreasing flows for some springs. The discharges of 43 springs were measured monthly from May or June of 2005 through March of 2006. Water samples from 36 of these springs plus an additional 10 were analyzed for major ions and trace metals. Twenty-one of the springs were analyzed for deuterium and oxygen-18 and 10 of these were analyzed for tritium.

The springs were divided into groups based on when they had their peak …