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Articles 1 - 30 of 57
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Novel Materials Can Radically Improve Whole-System Environmental Impacts Of Additive Manufacturing, Jeremy Faludi, Cory M. Van Sice, Yuan Shi, Justin Bower, Owen M.K Brooks
Novel Materials Can Radically Improve Whole-System Environmental Impacts Of Additive Manufacturing, Jeremy Faludi, Cory M. Van Sice, Yuan Shi, Justin Bower, Owen M.K Brooks
Dartmouth Scholarship
Additive manufacturing often has higher environmental impacts per part than traditional manufacturing at scale, but new materials can enable more sustainable 3D printing. This study developed and tested novel materials for paste extrusion printing, and tested materials invented by others. Testing compared their whole-system environmental impacts to standard ABS extrusion, measured by life cycle assessment (LCA); testing also assessed material strength, printability, and cost. Materials were chosen for low print energy (chemical bonding, not melting), low toxicity, and circular life cycle (biodegradable, ideally sourced from waste biomaterial). Printing energy was reduced 75% (from 160 to 40 Wh/part), and embodied impacts …
Pymol Plugin To Build Protein Structures Based On Natural Term Overlaps, Noah T. Paravicini
Pymol Plugin To Build Protein Structures Based On Natural Term Overlaps, Noah T. Paravicini
Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses
This project is a continuation of the Grigoryan Lab's exploration of TERMs. A TERM is a tertiary structural motif, which is a fragment of a protein that includes the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary environments around a certain residue. As displayed in past publications discussing TERMs, they are a useful way of decomposing proteins into smaller components that help in understanding design and prediction of protein structures. The Grigoryan Lab developed a database that keeps track of naturally occurring overlaps between TERMs, which gives a user the information they would need to put these TERMs together into complex structures. These events …
Self-Powered Gesture Recognition With Ambient Light, Yichen Li, Tianxing Li, Ruchir Patel, Xia Zhou, Xing-Dong Yang
Self-Powered Gesture Recognition With Ambient Light, Yichen Li, Tianxing Li, Ruchir Patel, Xia Zhou, Xing-Dong Yang
Dartmouth Scholarship
We present a self-powered module for gesture recognition that utilizes small, low-cost photodiodes for both energy harvesting and gesture sensing. Operating in the photovoltaic mode, photodiodes harvest energy from ambient light. In the meantime, the instantaneously harvested power from individual photodiodes is monitored and exploited as a clue for sensing finger gestures in proximity. Harvested power from all photodiodes are aggregated to drive the whole gesture-recognition module including a micro-controller running the recognition algorithm. We design robust, lightweight algorithm to recognize finger gestures in the presence of ambient light fluctuations. We fabricate two prototypes to facilitate user’s interaction with smart …
Indutivo: Contact-Based, Object-Driven Interactions With Inductive Sensing, Jun Gong, Xin Yang, Teddy Seyed, Josh Urban Davis, Xing-Dong Yang
Indutivo: Contact-Based, Object-Driven Interactions With Inductive Sensing, Jun Gong, Xin Yang, Teddy Seyed, Josh Urban Davis, Xing-Dong Yang
Dartmouth Scholarship
We present Indutivo, a contact-based inductive sensing technique for contextual interactions. Our technique recognizes conductive objects (metallic primarily) that are commonly found in households and daily environments, as well as their individual movements when placed against the sensor. These movements include sliding, hinging, and rotation. We describe our sensing principle and how we designed the size, shape, and layout of our sensor coils to optimize sensitivity, sensing range, recognition and tracking accuracy. Through several studies, we also demonstrated the performance of our proposed sensing technique in environments with varying levels of noise and interference conditions. We conclude by presenting demo …
Phasorsec: Protocol Security Filters For Wide Area Measurement Systems, Prashant Anantharaman, Kartik Palani, Rafael Brantley, Sergey Bratus, Sean W. Smith
Phasorsec: Protocol Security Filters For Wide Area Measurement Systems, Prashant Anantharaman, Kartik Palani, Rafael Brantley, Sergey Bratus, Sean W. Smith
Dartmouth Scholarship
The addition of synchrophasors to the power grid to improve observability comes at the cost of an increased attack surface: the wide area measurement system. A common source of zero-days, that can be used to exploit the system, is improper input validation. The strict availability and timing requirements of the grid make it critical that input validation be done right and in a timely fashion. PhasorSec is a hardened security filter for the synchrophasor communication protocol, C37.118. PhasorSec is built using language theoretic principles which treat all input as a language with a specific grammar that defines what input must …
Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou
Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou
Dartmouth Scholarship
This paper presents a battery-free wearable eye tracker that tracks both the 2D position and diameter of a pupil based on its light absorption property. With a few near-infrared (NIR) lights and photodiodes around the eye, NIR lights sequentially illuminate the eye from various directions while photodiodes sense spatial patterns of reflected light, which are used to infer pupil’s position and diameter on the fly via a lightweight inference algorithm. The system also exploits characteristics of different eye movement stages and adjusts its sensing and computation accordingly for further energy savings. A prototype is built with off-the-shelf hardware components and …
Orecchio: Extending Body-Language Through Actuated Static And Dynamic Auricular Postures, Da-Yuan Huang, Teddy Seyed, Jun Gong, Zhihao Yao, Yuchen Jiao, Xiang Anthony Chen, Xing-Dong Yang
Orecchio: Extending Body-Language Through Actuated Static And Dynamic Auricular Postures, Da-Yuan Huang, Teddy Seyed, Jun Gong, Zhihao Yao, Yuchen Jiao, Xiang Anthony Chen, Xing-Dong Yang
Dartmouth Scholarship
In this paper, we propose using the auricle – the visible part of the ear – as a means of expressive output to extend body language to convey emotional states. With an initial exploratory study, we provide an initial set of dynamic and static auricular postures. Using these results, we examined the relationship between emotions and auricular postures, noting that dynamic postures involving stretching the top helix in fast (e.g., 2Hz) and slow speeds (1Hz) conveyed intense and mild pleasantness while static postures involving bending the side or top helix towards the center of the ear were associated with intense …
Evaluating Prose Style Transfer With The Bible, Keith Carlson, Allen Riddell, Daniel Rockmore
Evaluating Prose Style Transfer With The Bible, Keith Carlson, Allen Riddell, Daniel Rockmore
Dartmouth Scholarship
In the prose style transfer task a system, provided with text input and a target prose style, produces output which preserves the meaning of the input text but alters the style. These systems require parallel data for evaluation of results and usually make use of parallel data for training. Currently, there are few publicly available corpora for this task. In this work, we identify a high-quality source of aligned, stylistically distinct text in different versions of the Bible. We provide a standardized split, into training, development and testing data, of the public domain versions in our corpus. This corpus is …
Solution And Solid-State Emission Toggling Of A Photochromic Hydrazone, Baihao Shao, Massimo Baroncini, Laura Bussotti, Mariangela Di Donato, Alberto Credi, Ivan Aprahamian
Solution And Solid-State Emission Toggling Of A Photochromic Hydrazone, Baihao Shao, Massimo Baroncini, Laura Bussotti, Mariangela Di Donato, Alberto Credi, Ivan Aprahamian
Dartmouth Scholarship
The proliferation of light-activated switches in recent years has enabled their use in a broad range of applications encompassing an array of research fields and disciplines. All current systems, however, have limitations (e.g., from complicated synthesis to incompatibility in biologically relevant media and lack of switching in the solid-state) that can stifle their real-life application. Here we report on a system that packs most, if not all, the desired, targeted and sought-after traits from photochromic compounds (bistability, switching in various media ranging from serum to solid-state, while exhibiting ON/OFF fluorescence emission switching, and two-photon assisted near-infrared light toggling) in an …
Saw: Wristband-Based Authentication For Desktop Computers, Shrirang Mare, Reza Rawassizadeh, Ronald Peterson, David Kotz
Saw: Wristband-Based Authentication For Desktop Computers, Shrirang Mare, Reza Rawassizadeh, Ronald Peterson, David Kotz
Dartmouth Scholarship
Token-based proximity authentication methods that authenticate users based on physical proximity are effortless, but lack explicit user intentionality, which may result in accidental logins. For example, a user may get logged in when she is near a computer or just passing by, even if she does not intend to use that computer. Lack of user intentionality in proximity-based methods makes them less suitable for multi-user shared computer environments, despite their desired usability benefits over passwords. \par We present an authentication method for desktops called Seamless Authentication using Wristbands (SAW), which addresses the lack of intentionality limitation of proximity-based methods. SAW …
Detection And Monitoring Of Repetitions Using An Mhealth-Enabled Resistance Band, Curtis L. Peterson, Emily V. Wechsler, Ryan J. Halter, George G. Boateng, Patrick O. Proctor, David F. Kotz, Summer B. Cook, John A. Batsis
Detection And Monitoring Of Repetitions Using An Mhealth-Enabled Resistance Band, Curtis L. Peterson, Emily V. Wechsler, Ryan J. Halter, George G. Boateng, Patrick O. Proctor, David F. Kotz, Summer B. Cook, John A. Batsis
Dartmouth Scholarship
Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related loss of muscle mass and strength which impairs physical function leading to disability and frailty. Resistance exercises are effective treatments for sarcopenia and are critical in mitigating weight-loss induced sarcopenia in older adults attempting to lose weight. Yet, adherence to home-based regimens, which is a cornerstone to lifestyle therapies, is poor and cannot be ascertained by clinicians as no objective methods exist to determine patient compliance outside of a supervised setting. Our group developed a Bluetooth connected resistance band that tests the ability to detect exercise repetitions. We recruited 6 patients aged 65 years …
Detecting Eating Episodes With An Ear-Mounted Sensor, Shengjie Bi, Tao Wang, Nicole Tobias, Josephine Nordrum, Shang Wang, George Halvorsen, Sougata Sen, Ron Peterson, Kelly Caine, Kofi Odame, Ryan Halter, Jacob Sorber, David Kotz
Detecting Eating Episodes With An Ear-Mounted Sensor, Shengjie Bi, Tao Wang, Nicole Tobias, Josephine Nordrum, Shang Wang, George Halvorsen, Sougata Sen, Ron Peterson, Kelly Caine, Kofi Odame, Ryan Halter, Jacob Sorber, David Kotz
Dartmouth Scholarship
In this paper, we propose Auracle, a wearable earpiece that can automatically recognize eating behavior. More specifically, in free-living conditions, we can recognize when and for how long a person is eating. Using an off-the-shelf contact microphone placed behind the ear, Auracle captures the sound of a person chewing as it passes through the bone and tissue of the head. This audio data is then processed by a custom analog/digital circuit board. To ensure reliable (yet comfortable) contact between microphone and skin, all hardware components are incorporated into a 3D-printed behind-the-head framework. We collected field data with 14 participants for …
Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou
Battery-Free Eye Tracker On Glasses, Tianxing Li, Xia Zhou
Computer Science Technical Reports
This paper presents a battery-free wearable eye tracker that achieves sub-millimeter tracking accuracy at high tracking rates. It tracks both the 2D position and diameter of pupil based on pupil's light absorption property. With a few near-infrared (NIR) lights and photodiodes around the eye, NIR lights sequentially illuminate the eye from various directions while photodiodes sense spatial patterns of reflected light, which are used to infer pupil's position and diameter on the fly via a lightweight inference algorithm. The system also exploits characteristics of different eye movement stages and adjusts its sensing and computation accordingly for further energy savings. A …
Towards Sustainable Aquafeeds: Evaluating Substitution Of Fishmeal With Lipid-Extracted Microalgal Co-Product (Nannochloropsis Oculata) In Diets Of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Pallab K. Sarker, Anne R. Kapuscinski, Ashley Y. Bae, Emily Donaldson, Devin S. Fitzgerald, Oliver F. Edelson
Towards Sustainable Aquafeeds: Evaluating Substitution Of Fishmeal With Lipid-Extracted Microalgal Co-Product (Nannochloropsis Oculata) In Diets Of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Pallab K. Sarker, Anne R. Kapuscinski, Ashley Y. Bae, Emily Donaldson, Devin S. Fitzgerald, Oliver F. Edelson
Dartmouth Scholarship
Microalgae companies increasingly seek markets for defatted biomass that is left over after extracting omega-3 rich oil for human nutraceuticals and crude oil for fuels. Such a protein-rich co-product is a promising alternative to unsustainably sourced fishmeal in aquaculture diets. We report the first evaluation of co-product of the marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata(N. oculata co-product) for replacing fishmeal in diets of Nile tilapia, a globally important aquaculture species. We conducted a nutrient digestibility experiment with N. oculata dried whole cells and N. oculata co-product, followed by an 84-day nutritional feeding experiment with N. oculata co-product. N. oculata co-product, more nutrient-dense …
Mechanisms Of Abrupt Extreme Precipitation Change Over The Northeastern United States, Huanping Huang, Jonathan M. Winter, Erich C. Osterberg
Mechanisms Of Abrupt Extreme Precipitation Change Over The Northeastern United States, Huanping Huang, Jonathan M. Winter, Erich C. Osterberg
Dartmouth Scholarship
In 1996, the northeastern United States experienced an abrupt increase in extreme precipitation, but the causal mechanisms driving this increase remain poorly understood. We find that 89% of the 1996–2016 increase relative to 1979–1995 is explained by only 273 unique extreme events affecting >5 stations and occurring in the months of February, March, June, July, September, and October. We use daily weather maps to classify the 273 extreme precipitation events by meteorological cause (tropical cyclones, fronts, and extratropical cyclones) and use reanalysis data to determine large‐scale changes in the atmosphere and ocean associated with increased extreme precipitation for each classification. …
Fermi-Bounce Cosmology And Scale-Invariant Power Spectrum, Stephon Alexander, Cosimo Bambi, Antonino Marcianò, Leonardo Modesto
Fermi-Bounce Cosmology And Scale-Invariant Power Spectrum, Stephon Alexander, Cosimo Bambi, Antonino Marcianò, Leonardo Modesto
Dartmouth Scholarship
We develop a non-singular bouncing cosmology using a non-trivial coupling of general relativity to fermionic fields. The usual Big Bang singularity is avoided thanks to a negative energy density contribution from the fermions. Our theory is ghost-free since the fermionic operator that generates the bounce is equivalent to torsion, which has no kinetic terms. The physical system consists of standard general relativity plus a topological sector for gravity, and fermionic matter described by Dirac fields with a non-minimal coupling. We show that a scale invariant power-spectrum generated in the contracting phase can be recovered by suitable choice s of fermion …
Application Memory Isolation On Ultra-Low-Power Mcus, Taylor Hardin, Ryan Scott, Patrick Proctor, Josiah Hester, Jacob Sorber, David Kotz
Application Memory Isolation On Ultra-Low-Power Mcus, Taylor Hardin, Ryan Scott, Patrick Proctor, Josiah Hester, Jacob Sorber, David Kotz
Dartmouth Scholarship
The proliferation of applications that handle sensitive user data on wearable platforms generates a critical need for embedded systems that offer strong security without sacrificing flexibility and long battery life. To secure sensitive information, such as health data, ultra-low-power wearables must isolate applications from each other and protect the underlying system from errant or malicious application code. These platforms typically use microcontrollers that lack sophisticated Memory Management Units (MMU). Some include a Memory Protection Unit (MPU), but current MPUs are inadequate to the task, leading platform developers to software-based memory-protection solutions. In this paper, we present our memory isolation technique, …
Contact Prediction Is Hardest For The Most Informative Contacts, But Improves With The Incorporation Of Contact Potentials, Jack Holland, Qinxin Pan, Gevorg Grigoryan
Contact Prediction Is Hardest For The Most Informative Contacts, But Improves With The Incorporation Of Contact Potentials, Jack Holland, Qinxin Pan, Gevorg Grigoryan
Dartmouth Scholarship
Co-evolution between pairs of residues in a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of homologous proteins has long been proposed as an indicator of structural contacts. Recently, several methods, such as direct-coupling analysis (DCA) and MetaPSICOV, have been shown to achieve impressive rates of contact prediction by taking advantage of considerable sequence data. In this paper, we show that prediction success rates are highly sensitive to the structural definition of a contact, with more permissive definitions (i.e., those classifying more pairs as true contacts) naturally leading to higher positive predictive rates, but at the expense of the amount of structural information contributed …
Feeding The World With Die Rolls: Potential Applications Of Quantum Computing
Feeding The World With Die Rolls: Potential Applications Of Quantum Computing
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
The Mouhefanggai And Cavalieri's Principle
The Mouhefanggai And Cavalieri's Principle
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
Ethical Regulation Of Medical Experiments On Humans, Nick Awertschenko
Ethical Regulation Of Medical Experiments On Humans, Nick Awertschenko
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
The Science Behind Memory: Hippocampal Neural Cell Assemblies, Nishi Jain
The Science Behind Memory: Hippocampal Neural Cell Assemblies, Nishi Jain
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
The Immunity Of The Many: Ethical Considerations Of Vaccinations In Light Of Herd Immunity, Sophia Koval
The Immunity Of The Many: Ethical Considerations Of Vaccinations In Light Of Herd Immunity, Sophia Koval
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
Frontiers In Dna Synthesis: Click Chemistry
Frontiers In Dna Synthesis: Click Chemistry
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
Cilia And Flagella: From Discovery To Disease, Dylan J. Cahill
Cilia And Flagella: From Discovery To Disease, Dylan J. Cahill
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
Letter From The Editor
Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science
No abstract provided.
The Next Generation Of Empress: A Metadata Management System For Accelerated Scientific Discovery At Exascale, Margaret R. Lawson
The Next Generation Of Empress: A Metadata Management System For Accelerated Scientific Discovery At Exascale, Margaret R. Lawson
Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses
Scientific data sets have grown rapidly in recent years, outpacing the growth in memory and network bandwidths. This I/O bottleneck has made it increasingly difficult for scientists to read and search outputted datasets in an attempt to find features of interest. In this paper, we will present the next generation of EMPRESS, a scalable metadata management service that offers the following solution: users can "tag" features of interest and search these tags without having to read in the associated datasets. EMPRESS provides, in essence, a digital scientific notebook where scientists can write down observations and highlight interesting results, and an …
Robotic Laundry Folding, Evan Honnold
Robotic Laundry Folding, Evan Honnold
Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses
We designed and implemented laundry-folding strategies for a six-jointed robotic arm. Our two main contributions are a "bar-folding" method for folding shirts that have already been unwrinkled and positioned on a table, and a planner for generating new sequences of folds that this method can use. Our "bar-folding" method is quick, accurate, and simple compared to other folding methods, and our fold planner provides an automated alternative to the pre-programmed fold sequences used in other research.
Navigating Virtual Reality Using Only Your Gazes And Mind, Christopher J. Kymn
Navigating Virtual Reality Using Only Your Gazes And Mind, Christopher J. Kymn
Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses
We present a novel brain-computer interface that allows users to control virtual reality using only their brain waves and eye gazes. The interface allows users to control multiple objects with two dimensions of control. The system is portable, non-invasive, and runs on commercial-grade hardware. It thus provides a high-transmission and user-adaptive interface for users to engage in virtual reality. In addition, we present a training procedure that allows the user to increase control over the brain-computer interface by engaging with the program in an intuitive manner. We explain this procedure and demonstrate its effectiveness in formulating more readily interpreted commands.
Securing, Standardizing, And Simplifying Electronic Health Record Audit Logs Through Permissioned Blockchain Technology, Jessie Anderson
Securing, Standardizing, And Simplifying Electronic Health Record Audit Logs Through Permissioned Blockchain Technology, Jessie Anderson
Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses
Audit logs perform critical functions in electronic health record (EHR) systems. They provide a chronological record of all operations performed in an EHR, allowing health care organizations to track EHR usage, hold system users accountable for their interactions with patient records, detect anomalous and potentially malicious behavior in the system, protect patient privacy, and develop insight into workflows and interactions among system users. However, several problems exist with the way that current state-of-the-art EHR technology handles audit data. Specifically, current systems complicate the collection and analysis of audit logs because they lack an interoperable audit log structure, spread audit log …