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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
How Does Politics Affect Electronic Healthcare Adoption, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi, Bing Wu
How Does Politics Affect Electronic Healthcare Adoption, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi, Bing Wu
Conference papers
In the 21 century, the term e-healthcare has become the common buzzword in the world. Its popularity is directly related to the rate of its adoption and benefits that it offers to individuals and governments. Among the common benefits include reduction in medical errors, improvements on physician efficiency, improvement in physician-patient relationship and an increase in the quality of care delivered. Despite all these benefits, politics is one among the obstacles hindering its adoption. In this paper we analyse how politics at local, national and international levels affect e-healthcare adoption and thereafter we suggest appropriate alternatives to overcome these obstacles.
Dataset Threshold For The Performance Estimators In Supervised Machine Learning Experiments, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi
Dataset Threshold For The Performance Estimators In Supervised Machine Learning Experiments, Zanifa Omary, Fredrick Mtenzi
Conference papers
The establishment of dataset threshold is one among the first steps when comparing the performance of machine learning algorithms. It involves the use of different datasets with different sample sizes in relation to the number of attributes and the number of instances available in the dataset. Currently, there is no limit which has been set for those who are unfamiliar with machine learning experiments on the categorisation of these datasets, as either small or large, based on the two factors. In this paper we perform experiments in order to establish dataset threshold. The established dataset threshold will help unfamiliar supervised …
Self-Authentication Of Audio Signals By Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle
Self-Authentication Of Audio Signals By Chirp Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper discusses a new approach to ‘watermarking’ digital signals using linear frequency modulated or ‘chirp’ coding. The principles underlying this approach are based on the use of a matched filter to provide a reconstruction of a chirped code that is uniquely robust in the case of signals with very low signal-to-noise ratios. Chirp coding for authenticating data is generic in the sense that it can be used for a range of data types and applications (the authentication of speech and audio signals, for example). The theoretical and computational aspects of the matched filter and the properties of a chirp …
Evolution Versus Revolution As A Strategy For Thin Client Acceptance: Case Study, Paul Doyle, Mark Deegan, Ciaran O'Driscoll
Evolution Versus Revolution As A Strategy For Thin Client Acceptance: Case Study, Paul Doyle, Mark Deegan, Ciaran O'Driscoll
Conference papers
Thin Clients have evolved from simple text based CRT dumb terminal devices in the 1960s, into a sophisticated architecture encompassing hardware, software, networks and protocols. However despite this recent evolution the Thin Client model has yet to re-emerge as a relevant design in an IT industry where Fat Clients (desktops and laptops) thrive. This paper describes two case studies performed within the Technological University Dublin School of Computing, focused on the issue of student acceptance of this technology. The first case study provides a dedicated single service Thin Client implementation, while the second case study adopts a process of coexistence …
A Context-Aware Approach Based On Self-Organizing Maps To Study Web-Users' Tendencies From Their Behaviour, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
A Context-Aware Approach Based On Self-Organizing Maps To Study Web-Users' Tendencies From Their Behaviour, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
Conference papers
In the context of a highly volatile web of uneven quality, the identification of content deemed valuable by end users is of paramount importance. Where page content undergoes rapid change, this issue is particularly challenging. Web browsing activity represents a unique source of context by which the value of web pages can be determined via an assessment of individual user interactions, such as scrolling, clicking, saving and so forth. Over time, this data set forms a pattern of activity which can be mined for meaning. In this paper we present an approach to web content, based on Kohonen mapping, used …
Tight Lower Bound For The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem, Fredrick Mtenzi
Tight Lower Bound For The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem, Fredrick Mtenzi
Conference papers
The Sparse Travelling Salesman Problem (Sparse TSP) which is a variant of the classical Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the problem of finding the shortest route of the salesman when visiting cities in a region making sure that each city is visited at least once and returning home at the end. In the Sparse TSP, the distance between cities may not obey the triangle inequality; this makes the use of algorithms and formulations designed for the TSP to require modifications in order to produce near-optimal results. A lower bound for optmisation problems gives us the quality guarantee of the near-optimal …
Samats: Texture Extraction Explained, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell
Samats: Texture Extraction Explained, Joe Hegarty, James Carswell
Conference papers
The creation of detailed 3D buildings models, and to a greater extent the creation of entire city models, has become an area of considerable research over the last couple of decades. The accurate modeling of buildings has LBS (Location Based Services) applications in entertainment, planning, tourism and e-commerce to name just a few. Many modeling systems deployed to date require manual correspondences to be made across the image set in order to determine the models 3D structure. This paper describes SAMATS, a Semi-Automated Modelling and Texturing System, which has the capability of producing geometrically accurate and photorealistic building models without …
Poisson Structures Of Equations Associated With Groups Of Diffeomorphisms, Rossen Ivanov
Poisson Structures Of Equations Associated With Groups Of Diffeomorphisms, Rossen Ivanov
Conference papers
A class of equations describing the geodesic flow for a right-invariant metric on the group of diffeomorphisms of Rn is reviewed from the viewpoint of their Lie-Poisson structures. A subclass of these equations is analogous to the Euler equations in hydrodynamics (for n = 3), preserving the volume element of the domain of fluid flow. An example in n = 1 dimension is the Camassa-Holm equation, which is a geodesic flow equation on the group of diffeomorphisms, preserving the H1 metric.
Two Component Integrable Systems Modelling Shallow Water Waves, Rossen Ivanov
Two Component Integrable Systems Modelling Shallow Water Waves, Rossen Ivanov
Conference papers
Our aim is to describe the derivation of shallow water model equations for the constant vorticity case and to demonstrate how these equations can be related to two integrable systems: a two component integrable generalization of the Camassa-Holm equation and the Kaup - Boussinesq system.
Imaging Reconstruction For Light Scattering From A Tenuous Random Medium, Jonathan Blackledge
Imaging Reconstruction For Light Scattering From A Tenuous Random Medium, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
We consider the basis for describing strong scattering in terms of diffusive processes based on the diffusion equation. Intermediate strength scattering is then considered in terms of a fractional diffusion equation which is studied using results from fractional calculus. This approach is justified in terms of the generalization of a random walk model with no statistical bias in the phase to a random walk that has a phase bias and is thus, only `partially' or `fractionally' diffusive. A Green's function solution to the fractional diffusion equation is studied and a result derived that provides a model for an incoherent image …
Stepping Off The Stage, Brian Mac Namee, John D. Kelleher
Stepping Off The Stage, Brian Mac Namee, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
Mixed-reality virtual agents are an attractive solution to the problems associated with human-robot interaction, allowing all the expressiveness of virtual characters to be married with the advantages of a physical artifact which exists in a shared environment with the user. However, common approaches to achieving this restrict the virtual characters appearing on top of, or encompassing the robot. This paper describes the Stepping Off the Stage system in which mixed-reality agents are allowed to step off the robot stage and move to other parts of the environment, offering compelling new interaction possibilities.
Sentiment Classification Of Reviews Using Sentiwordnet, Bruno Ohana, Brendan Tierney
Sentiment Classification Of Reviews Using Sentiwordnet, Bruno Ohana, Brendan Tierney
Conference papers
Sentiment classification concerns the use of automatic methods for predicting the orientation of subjective content on text documents, with applications on a number of areas including recommender and advertising systems, customer intelligence and information retrieval. SentiWordNet is an opinion lexicon derived from the WordNet database where each term is associated with numerical scores indicating positive and negative sentiment information. This research presents the results of applying the SentiWordNet lexical resource to the problem of automatic sentiment classification of film reviews. Our approach comprises counting positive and negative term scores to determine sentiment orientation, and an improvement is presented by building …
The Good, The Bad And The Incorrectly Classified: Profiling Cases For Case-Base Editing, Sarah Jane Delany
The Good, The Bad And The Incorrectly Classified: Profiling Cases For Case-Base Editing, Sarah Jane Delany
Conference papers
Case-based approaches to classification, as instance-based learning techniques, have a particular reliance on training examples that other supervised learning techniques do not have. In this paper we present the RDCL case profiling technique that categorises each case in a case-base based on its classification by the case-base, the benefit it has and/or the damage it causes by its inclusion in the case-base. We show how these case profiles can identify the cases that should be removed from a case-base in order to improve generalisation accuracy and we show what aspects of existing noise reduction algorithms contribute to good performance and …
Storage, Manipulation, And Visualization Of Lidar Data, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, M. Bertolotto, D. F. Laefer, Sean W. Corish
Storage, Manipulation, And Visualization Of Lidar Data, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, M. Bertolotto, D. F. Laefer, Sean W. Corish
Conference papers
In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) data has become increasingly available, in part as a result of significant technological progresses in Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). LiDAR provides longitude and latitude information delivered in conjunction with a GPS device, and elevation information generated by a pulse or phase laser scanner, which together provide an effective way of acquiring accurate 3D information of a terrestrial or manmade feature. The main advantages of LiDAR over conventional surveying methods lie in the high accuracy of the data and the relatively little time needed to scan large geographical areas. LiDAR scans provide a vast amount …
Toward Social Search: From Explicit To Implicit Collaboration To Predict Users' Interests, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
Toward Social Search: From Explicit To Implicit Collaboration To Predict Users' Interests, Luca Longo, Stephen Barrett
Conference papers
Inspection methods and cheap self-reporting procedures have been significantly employed in the field of Human- Computer Interaction for assessing the usability of interfaces, systems and technologies. However, there is a tendency to overlook aspects related to the context and features of the users during the usability assessment process. This research introduces the concept of mental workload as an aid to enhance usability measurement. A user-study has been designed and executed in the context of human-web interaction. The aim was to investigate the relationship between the perception of usability of three popular web-sites, and the mental workload imposed by a set …
Enabling Adaptation In Trust Computations, Luca Longo, Pierpaolo Dondio, Bresciani Riccardo, Andrew Butterfield, Stephen Barrett
Enabling Adaptation In Trust Computations, Luca Longo, Pierpaolo Dondio, Bresciani Riccardo, Andrew Butterfield, Stephen Barrett
Conference papers
Digital systems have been rapidly evolving within highly dynamic and unstructured environments, where the lack of a central authority forces entities to interact with each other through collaboration and negotiation. Digital agents often use Trust models in order to compute the level of trustworthiness of the partner they want to collaborate with. Unfortunately, due to the evolution speed of open and collaborative environments, the trustworthiness of an agent varies over time, and as a result, Trust models must be continuously adapted to the changing context. In this work we address the problem by presenting a self-adaptive model for Trust computations. …
Sampling With Confidence: Using K-Nn Confidence Measures In Active Learning, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Macnamee
Sampling With Confidence: Using K-Nn Confidence Measures In Active Learning, Rong Hu, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Macnamee
Conference papers
Active learning is a process through which classifiers can be built from collections of unlabelled examples through the cooperation of a human oracle who can label a small number of examples selected as most informative. Typically the most informative examples are selected through uncertainty sampling based on classification scores. However, previous work has shown that, contrary to expectations, there is not a direct relationship between classification scores and classification confidence. Fortunately, there exists a collection of particularly effective techniques for building measures of classification confidence from the similarity information generated by k-NN classifiers. This paper investigates using these confidence measures …
Forked:A Demonstration Of Physics Realism In Augmented Reality, David Beaney, Brian Mac Namee
Forked:A Demonstration Of Physics Realism In Augmented Reality, David Beaney, Brian Mac Namee
Conference papers
In making fully immersive augmented reality (AR) applications, real and virtual objects will have to be seen to physically interact together in a realistic and believable way. This paper describes Forked! a system that has been developed to show how physical interactions between real and virtual objects can be simulated re- alistically and believably through appropriate use of a physics en- gine. The system allows users control a robotic forklift to manipu- late virtual crates in an AR environment. The paper also describes a evaluation experiment in which it is shown that the physical inter- actions between the forklift and …
Widening The Evaluation Net, Brian Mac Namee, Mark Dunne
Widening The Evaluation Net, Brian Mac Namee, Mark Dunne
Conference papers
Intelligent Virtual Agent (IVA) systems are notoriously difficult to evaluate, particularly due to the subjectivity involved. From the various efforts to develop standard evaluation schemes for IVA systems the scheme proposed by Isbister & Doyle, which evaluates systems across five categories, seems particularly appropriate. To examine how these categories are being used, the evaluations presented in the proceedings of IVA '07 and IVA '08 are summarised and the extent to which the five categories in the Isbister & Doyle scheme are used is highlighted. Finally, to illustrate how the full scheme can be used, an evaluation of an IVA system …
An Enhanced Data Mining Life Cycle, Markus Hofmann, Brendan Tierney
An Enhanced Data Mining Life Cycle, Markus Hofmann, Brendan Tierney
Conference papers
Data mining projects are complex and can have a high failure rate. In order to improve project management and success rates of such projects a life cycle is vital to the overall success of the project. This paper reports on a research project that was concerned with the life cycle development for data mining projects, its team members and their role. The paper provides a detailed view of the design and development of the data mining life cycle called DMLC. The life cycle aims to support all members of data mining project teams as well as IT managers and academic …