Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

First Results From The Lick Agn Monitoring Project: The Mass Of The Black Hole In Arp 151, Misty C. Bentz, Jonelle L. Walsh, Aaron J. Barth, Nairn Baliber, Nicola Bennert, Gabriela Canalizo, Alexei V. Filippenko, Mohan Ganeshalingam, Elinor L. Gates, Jenny E. Greene, Marton G. Hidas, Kyle D. Hiner, Nicholas Lee, Weidong Li, Matthew A. Malkan, Takeo Minezaki, Frank J.D. Serduke, Joshua H. Shiode, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Thea N. Steele, Daniel Stern, Rachel A. Street, Carol E. Thornton, Tommaso Treu, Xiaofeng Wang, Jong-Hak Woo, Yuzuru Yoshii

Physics

We have recently completed a 64 night spectroscopic monitoring campaign at the Lick Observatory 3 m Shane telescope with the aim of measuring the masses of the black holes in 13 nearby (z < 0.05) Seyfert 1 galaxies with expected masses in the range ~10⁶-10⁷ M_☉. We present here the first results from this project—the mass of the central black hole in Arp 151. Strong variability throughout the campaign led to an exceptionally clean Hβ lag measurement in this object of 4.25_−0.66^+0.68 days in the observed frame. Coupled with the width of the Hβ emission line in the variable spectrum, we determine a black …

The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty: Effectively Verifiable, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Physics Of Energy Efficient Buildings, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

A scaling model shows that that the free temperature offset between inside and outside increases with the size of buildings. Reducing the lossiness in buildings offers three energy savings advantages: (1) reduce the multiplicative term, (2) increase the free—temperature subtractive term, and (3) cater to the degree-day distribution. Thermal storage can be made to transfer sufficient heat of the day into the coolth of the night. The daily passive solar input is modeled by integrating over the change in zenith angle during the day. Passive solar storage is sized to give a 12—hour time constant.

Results From A Search For The 0 ΝΒβ-Decay Of 130Te, C. Arnaboldi, D. R. Artusa, F. T. Avignone Iii, M. Balata, I. Bandac, M. Barucci, J. W. Beeman, F. Bellini, C. Brofferio, C. Bucci, S. Capelli, L. Carbone, S. Cebrian, M. Clemenza, O. Cremonesi, R. J. Creswick, A. De Waard, S. Di Domizio, M. J. Dolinski, H. A. Farach, E. Fiorini, G. Frossati, A. Giachero, A. Giuliani, P. Gorla, E. Guardincerri, T. D. Gutierrez, E. E. Haller, R. H. Maruyama, R. J. Mcdonald, S. Nisi, C. Nones, E. B. Norman, A. Nucciotti, E. Olivieri, M. Pallavicini, E. Palmieri, E. Pasca, M. Pavan, M. Pedretti, G. Pessina, S. Pirro, E. Previtali, L. Risegari, C. Rosenfeld, S. Sangiorgio, M. Sisti, A. R. Smith, L. Torres, G. Ventura, M. Vignati

Physics

A detailed description of the CUORICINO n¹³⁰Te neutrinoless double-beta (0 νββ) decay experiment is given and recent results are reported. CUORICINO is an array of 62 tellurium oxide (TeOn₂) bolometers with an active mass of 40.7 kg. It is cooled to ∼8–10 mK by a dilution refrigerator shielded from environmental radioactivity and energetic neutrons. It is running in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Assergi, Italy. These data represent an exposure of 11.83 kg yr or 91 mole-years of n¹³⁰Te. No evidence for 0 νββ-decay was observed and a limit …

Observation Of Nanosecond Laser Induced Fluorescence Of In Vitro Seawater Phytoplankton, Thomas J. Bensky, Lisa Clemo, Chris Gilbert, Bryan Neff, Mark A. Moline, Dov Rohan

Physics

Seawater has been irradiated using a train of 70 ns flashes from a 440 nm laser source. This wavelength is on resonance with the blue absorption peak of Chlorophyll pigment associated with the photosystem of in vitro phytoplankton. The resulting fluorescence at 685 nm is instantaneously recorded during each laser pulse using a streak camera. Delayed fluorescence is observed, yielding clues about initiation of the photosynthetic process on a nanosecond time scale. Further data processing allows for determination of the functional absorption cross section, found to be 0:0095 Ų, which is the first reporting of this number for …

Scanning Josephson Tunneling Microscopy Of Single Crystal Bi2Sr2Cacu2O8+Δ With A Conventional Superconducting Tip, Richard P. Barber Jr., Hikari Kimura, Shuhei Ono, Yoichi Ando, Robert C. Dynes

Physics

We have performed both Josephson and quasiparticle tunneling in vacuum tunnel junctions formed between a conventional superconducting scanning tunneling microscope tip and overdoped Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ single crystals. A Josephson current is observed with a peak centered at a small finite voltage due to the thermal-fluctuation-dominated superconducting phase dynamics. Josephson measurements at different surface locations yield local values for the Josephson IcRn product. Corresponding energy gap measurements were also performed and a surprising inverse correlation was observed between the local IcRn product and the local energy gap.

A Tutorial On The Basic Physics Of Climate Change, David W. Hafemeister, Peter V. Schwartz

Physics

In this paper, we have used several basic atmospheric–physics models to show that additional carbon dioxide will warm the surface of Earth. We also show that observed solar variations cannot account for observed global temperature increase.

Magnetic Properties Of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria In A Seasonally Stratified Coastal Pond (Salt Pond, Ma, Usa), Bruce M. Moskowitz, Dennis A. Bazylinski, Ramon Egli, Richard B. Frankel, Katrina J. Edwards

Physics

Magnetic properties of suspended material in the water columns of freshwater and marine environments provide snapshots of magnetic biomineralization that have yet to be affected by the eventual time-integration and early diagenetic effects that occur after sediment deposition. Here, we report on the magnetism, geochemistry and geobiology of uncultured magnetite- and greigite-producing magnetotactic bacteria (MB) and magnetically responsive protists (MRP) in Salt Pond (Falmouth, MA, USA), a small coastal, marine basin (∼5 m deep) that becomes chemically stratified during the summer months. At this time, strong inverse O₂ and H₂S concentration gradients form in the water column …

De Vries Behavior In Smectic Liquid Crystals Near A Biaxiality-Induced Smectic-A-Smectic-C Tricritical Point, Karl Saunders

Physics

We show that a generalized Landau theory for the smectic-A-smectic-C (Sm- A -Sm- C ) phases exhibits a biaxiality induced Sm- A -Sm- C tricritical point. Proximity to this tricritical point depends on the degree of orientational order in the system; for sufficiently large orientational order the Sm-A-Sm-C transition is three-dimensional XY -like, while for sufficiently small orientational order, it is either tricritical or first order. We investigate each of the three types of Sm-A-Sm-C transitions near tricriticality and show that for each type of transition, small orientational order implies de Vries behavior in the layer spacing, an unusually small …

Analysis Of Longitudinal Beam Dynamics Behavior And Rf System Operative Limits At High-Beam Currents In Storage Rings, Themis Mastorides, C. Rivetta, J.D. Fox, D. Teytelman, D. Van Winkle

Physics

PEP-II plans to achieve the final goal in luminosity will require an increase of the beam currents to 4A for LER and 2.2A for HER. These magnitudes are challenging in part because they will push the longitudinal low-order mode (LOM) beam stability and the station stability to the limit. To analyze the behavior of both rings at high currents and to understand the limits in the longitudinal feedback systems, a simulation tool has been developed at SLAC. This tool is based on a reduced model of the longitudinal LOM dynamics of the beam interacting with the effective impedance presented by …

Search For Cosmic Strings In The Goods Survey, Jodi L. Christiansen, E. Albin, K. A. James, J. Goldman, D. Maruyama, G. F. Smoot

Physics

We search Hubble Space Telescope Treasury Program images collected as part of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey for pairs of galaxies consistent with the gravitational lensing signature of a cosmic string. Our technique includes estimates of the efficiency for finding the lensed galaxy pair. In the north (south) survey field we find no evidence out to a redshift of greater than 0.5 (0.3) for cosmic strings to a mass per unit length limit of Gμ/c² < 3.0 × 10⁻⁷ at 95% confidence limits (C.L.). In the combined 314.9 arcmin² of the north and south survey fields this corresponds to a …

Evidence For Merger Remnants In Early-Type Host Galaxies Of Low-Redshift Qsos, Nicola Bennert, Gabriela Canalizo, Bruno Jungwiert, Alan Stockton, François Schweizer, Chien Y. Peng, Mark Lacy

Physics

We present results from a pilot HST ACS deep imaging study in broadband V of five low-redshift QSO host galaxies classified in the literature as ellipticals. The aim of our study is to determine whether these early-type hosts formed at high redshift and have since evolved passively, or whether they have undergone relatively recent mergers that may be related to the triggering of the nuclear activity. We perform two-dimensional modeling of the light distributions to analyze the host galaxies' morphology. We find that, while each host galaxy is reasonably well fitted by a de Vaucouleurs profile, the majority of them …

Lecture Notes, Thomas J. Bensky

Physics

No abstract provided.

A Bribe To Escape Moscow, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Review Of Nigel Hey, The Star Wars Enigma: Behind The Scenes Of The Cold War Race For Missile Defense, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Review Of Nuclear Weapons: What You Need To Know By Jeremy Bernstein, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Precise Radial Velocities Of Giant Stars Iv. A Correlation Between Surface Gravity And Radial Velocity Variation And A Statistical Investigation Of Companion Properties., S. Hekker, I. A.G. Snellen, C. Aerts, A. Quirrenbach, S. Reffert, D. S. Mitchell

Physics

Context. Since 1999, we have been conducting a radial velocity survey of 179 K giants using the Coudé Auxiliary Telescope at UCO/Lick observatory. At present ∼20−100 measurements have been collected per star with a precision of 5 to 8 m s⁻¹. Of the stars monitored, 145 (80%) show radial velocity (RV) variations at a level >20 m s⁻¹, of which 43 exhibit significant periodicities.

Aims. Our aim is to investigate possible mechanism(s) that cause these observed RV variations. We intend to test whether these variations are intrinsic in nature, or possibly induced by companions, or both. …

Temperature-Dependent Refractive Index Measurements Of Wafer-Shaped Inas And Insb, Glen D. Gillen, Chris Dirocco, Peter Powers, Shekhar Guha

Physics

An experimental method is introduced to measure the refractive index and its temperature dependence for wafer-shaped infrared materials over a continuous temperature range. Using a combination of Michelson interferometry, Fabry-Perot interferometry, and a temperature-controlled cryostat in a laser micrometer, refractive index values and their temperature coefficients can be measured for any specific temperature within a desired temperature range. Measurements are reported for InAs and InSb for a laser wavelength of 10.59 μm.

Radial Velocities Of Giant Stars: An Investigation Of Line Profile Variations, S. Hekker, I. A. G. Snellen, C. Aerts, A. Quirrenbach, S. Reffert, D. S. Mitchell

Physics

Since 1999, a radial velocity survey of 179 red giant stars is ongoing at Lick Observatory with a one month cadence. At present~20—100 measurements have been collected per star with an accuracy of 5 to 8 ms^-1. Of the stars monitored, 145 (80%) show radial velocity (RV) variations at a level >20 ms^-1, of which 43 exhibit significant periodicities. Here, we investigate the mechanism causing the observed radial velocity variations. Firstly, we search for a correlation between the radial velocity amplitude and an intrinsic parameter of the star, in this case surface gravity (logg). …

Entrance-Into-Force Of Ctbt, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Dancing With Physics, Richard P. Barber Jr., David Popalisky

Physics

Teaching physics by way of the forces on the human body experienced during dance can be an effective way to bring Newton's laws to life.

Cuore Experiment: The Search For Neutrrinoless Double Beta Decay, Marisa Pedretti, M. Barucci, L. Risegari, G. Ventura, S. Di Domizio, P. Ottonello, M. Pallavicini, M. Balata, C. Bucci, A. Giachero, P. Gorla, S. Nisi, E.L. Tatananni, C. Tomei, C. Zarra, E. Andreotti, L. Foggetta, A. Giuliani, C. Salvioni, G. Keppel, P. Menegatti, V. Palmieri, V. Rampazzo, F. Alessandria, C. Arnaboldi, C. Brofferio, S. Capelli, L. Carbone, M. Carrettoni, M. Clemenza, O. Cremonesi, E. Fiorini, L. Gironi, S. Kraft, C. Nones, A. Nucciotti, M. Pavan, G. Pessina, S. Pirro, E. Previtali, D. Schaeffer, M. Sisti, L. Zanotti, R. Ardito, G. Maiern, F. Bellini, C. Cosmelli, I. Dafinei, R. Faccini, F. Ferroni, C. Gargiulo, E. Longo, S. Morganti, M. Olcese, M. Vignati, M. Martinez, J. Beeman, A. Bryant, M.P. Decowski, S.J. Freedman, E. Guardincerri, E.E. Haller, R. Kadel, L. Kogler, Yu. G. Kolomensky, A.R. Smith, N. Xu, M.J. Dolinski, K. Kazkaz, E.B. Norman, N.D. Scielzo, H.Z. Huang, S. Trentalange, C. Whitten, T.D. Gutierrez, F.T. Avignone Iii, I. Bandac, R.J. Creswick, H.A. Farach, C. Martinez, L. Mizouni, C. Rosenfeld, L. Ejzak, K.M. Heeger, R.H. Maruyama, S. Sangiorgio

Physics

The main purpose of the Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) experiment is the search for the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay (0νDBD) of n¹³⁰Te reaching a sensitivity on Majorana mass better than 50 meV. Cuoricino represents not only the first stage of CUORE, but also the most massive 0νDBD experiment presently running. Present results and future planning of these experiments will be described in the paper.

Defect Structure Of Sb2−Xcrxte3 Single Crystals, Jeffrey Dyck, J. HoráK, P. C. Quayle, Č. DrašAr, P. LošT’ÁK, C. Uher

Physics

Single crystals of Sb₂Te₃ doped with Cr (c_Cr=0–6×10²⁰ cm^-3) were prepared by the Bridgman method. The measurements of the Hall coefficient reveal a nonmonotonous dependence of hole concentrations on the Cr content in the crystal. The hole concentration decreases at low content of Cr, while at higher content of Cr it increases again. However, according to magnetic measurements, Cr atoms enter the structure and form uncharged substitutional defects Cr_Sb^×, which cannot affect the free carrier concentration directly. The observed dependence can be elucidated by means of a point defect …