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1996

Physical Chemistry

Articles 31 - 60 of 83

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A Study On Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Hongfeng Xu, Ming Han, Baolian Yi, Xinge Zhang, Shanhai Ge Aug 1996

A Study On Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Hongfeng Xu, Ming Han, Baolian Yi, Xinge Zhang, Shanhai Ge

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell(SPEFC)show promise of a high level of performance in the present fuel cell.In this paper,we report the method of SPEFC electrode preparation,and the effects of temperature,pressure and gas flow rate on the performance.

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Time-Resolved Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy For In-Situ Studies Of Electrochemical Systems, Lin Zhuang, Juntao Lu Aug 1996

Time-Resolved Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy For In-Situ Studies Of Electrochemical Systems, Lin Zhuang, Juntao Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Additive Ce￣(4+) On The Properties Of Composite Coating Of Co-P-Ptfe, Jiaoning Tang, Ling Huang, Zhaoxong Xie, Shibing Yao, Shaoming Zhou Aug 1996

The Effect Of Additive Ce￣(4+) On The Properties Of Composite Coating Of Co-P-Ptfe, Jiaoning Tang, Ling Huang, Zhaoxong Xie, Shibing Yao, Shaoming Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effect of additive Ce4+ on the properties of composite coating of Co-P-PTFE was studied in this paper.The results show that additive Ce(4+) can change the structures and properties of Co-P-PTFE composite coating. First,the surface of the compoite coating becomes smooth and the microhardness of the composite coating increased.Secondly,additive Ce(4+) decreased the corrosion current lcorr of the composite coating in the solution of 3% NaCl and increased its property of anticorrosion.Finally additive Ce(4+) can affect preferred orientation and grain size of composite coating of Co-P-PTFE. Preferred orientation of the composite varies from(100)to(110)and the grain size decreased.

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The Relationship Between Ionic Conductivity And The Structure Of The New Polymer Electrolytes, Hongze Liang, Yongxiang Song, Liming Ding, Yuchen Qi, Lixia Li, Xiabin Jing, Fusong Wang Aug 1996

The Relationship Between Ionic Conductivity And The Structure Of The New Polymer Electrolytes, Hongze Liang, Yongxiang Song, Liming Ding, Yuchen Qi, Lixia Li, Xiabin Jing, Fusong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ionic conductivity of polymer-eutectic composed of lithium perchlorate and lithium nitrate has been studied. The effects of eutectic and polymers upon the conductivities have been discussed.The lonic conductivity depends on the eutectic properties as well as the treatment method of samples.

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The Effect Of Co On The Proton Diffusion Coefficient For The Ni(Oh)2 Electrodes, Xiaoyan Cao, Zuoxiang Zhou, Huatang Yuan, Yunshi Zhang Aug 1996

The Effect Of Co On The Proton Diffusion Coefficient For The Ni(Oh)2 Electrodes, Xiaoyan Cao, Zuoxiang Zhou, Huatang Yuan, Yunshi Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The diffusion coefficients of protons moving in the Ni(OH)2 electrodes have being investigated by constant current,cyclic voltammetry and potential step technineques.The electrodes were prepared by cathodic deposition and their active material contained 0～53% cobalt.It was found that the diffusion coefficients are about 10(-9)～10(-10) cm2/s during charging and about 10(-11) cm2/s during discharging.Moreover the value increases with the increacing content of Co in the electrodes.During the calculation,the relevant fomulars were modified especially the wrong fomular for constant current methode.

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Electrochemical Studies On Chemical Polishing Of Copper, Keping Han, Jingli Fang Aug 1996

Electrochemical Studies On Chemical Polishing Of Copper, Keping Han, Jingli Fang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Changes in specular reflectivity,weight loss,surface topograph and potential with time and current-potential curves during chemical polishing were determined.The results showed that chemical polishing was composed of the etching,polishing and pitting stage.The passivating film theory also applied to the chemical polishing.

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A Preliminary Study Of Electrochemically Amplified Measurement Of Gold Electrodeposition, Bingwei Mao, Caihui Shi, Xiaoqin Li, Lihua Xiong Aug 1996

A Preliminary Study Of Electrochemically Amplified Measurement Of Gold Electrodeposition, Bingwei Mao, Caihui Shi, Xiaoqin Li, Lihua Xiong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Gold electrodeposition onto a glassy carbon microelectrode is studied using an electrochemical amplification method. Taking the advantage that the electrochemical reduction of K2Cr2O7 has significantly higher reaction activity on gold electrode than carbon electrede,it is tentatively used to amplify the gold electredeposition current.The results show that there is a marked increase in current of gold electrodeposition in presence of K2Cr2O7 in comparison with that absent of K2Cr2O7.The electrochemical amplification method can be applied to study the electrodeposition of very in intial stage by choosing proper systems and improving experimental conditions.

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The Role Of Written And Verbal Expression In Improving Communication Skills For Students In An Undergraduate Chemistry Program, Brian P. Coppola, Douglas S. Daniels Aug 1996

The Role Of Written And Verbal Expression In Improving Communication Skills For Students In An Undergraduate Chemistry Program, Brian P. Coppola, Douglas S. Daniels

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Proofreading, editing, and critique, the customary assessment tools scientists use to evaluate professional journal articles, grant applications, and any other writing, can be applied equally well in introductory science instruction. Such feedback is, in fact, crucial to growth and development. When learning anything new, students and faculty alike rely heavily on sources other than themselves (‘external editors’) to assess their understanding as they develop self-assessment skills (or ‘internal editors’). Although they rarely describe it in these terms, faculty nonetheless assume that students have developed and refined their internal skills by the time they take examinations and write term papers. Unfortunately, …

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Status Of The Research And Development For Fuel Cell Technology Abroad, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi May 1996

Status Of The Research And Development For Fuel Cell Technology Abroad, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

Status of the research and development for fuel cell technology abroad was overviewed,and at the aim of accelerating the research and development for fuel cell technology in China, the corresponding stategy for our country was recommended.

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Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Some C 2 Compounds(Alcohols, Aldehydes, And Carboxylic Acids) On A Pt/Sb Ad Electrode, Hong Li, Lincai Jiang, Xiong Jiang May 1996

Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Some C 2 Compounds(Alcohols, Aldehydes, And Carboxylic Acids) On A Pt/Sb Ad Electrode, Hong Li, Lincai Jiang, Xiong Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrocatalytic oxidation behavior of some C 2 compounds(alcohols, aldehydes and carboxylic acids) on a Pt/Sb ad electrode prepared in situ or ex situ UPD was investigated using pontential sweep and rotating disc electrode methods. It is confirmed that Pt/Sb ad electrode show the most electrocatalytical active to the oxidation of aldehyde functional group and only a little activity to the oxidation of hydroxyl group, but no activity for the oxidation of carboxyl group. The experimental results show that the activity of the Pt/Sb ad electrode prepared by ex situ UPD is higher than that prepared by in situ UPD. …

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Oxygen Charge Transfer Reaction At The Pt/Ysz Interface, Yi Jiang, Wenzhao Li, Jingwang Yan, Shizhong Wang May 1996

Oxygen Charge Transfer Reaction At The Pt/Ysz Interface, Yi Jiang, Wenzhao Li, Jingwang Yan, Shizhong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Oxygen Charge transfer reaction has been investigated by various degrees of potential polarization at the Pt/YSZ interface. Anodic and cathodic charge transfer coefficients were found to be unity over the wide range of oxygen partial pressures and temperatures. While the exchange current density of the interface was found dependent on the partial pressure of oxygen in accordance with the relation: i 0=2FK r(K O 2 P O 2 ) 1/4 (1+K O 2 P O 2 ) 1/2 . Several important parameters, such as electrochemical rate constant, equilibrium constant of oxygen adsorption on Pt surface had also been extracted.

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Effect Of Halide Ions On The Deposition Of Electroless Nickel, Keping Han, Jingli Fang May 1996

Effect Of Halide Ions On The Deposition Of Electroless Nickel, Keping Han, Jingli Fang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effect of halide ions on the polarization curves and stationary potential of electroless nickel plating process were studied with electrochemical methods. The acceleration and stabilization mechanism of electroless nickel deposition by halide ions also has been discussed.

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The Reduction Of Oxygen To Hydrogen Peroxide In An Acidic Trickle Bed Cell Using Graphite Chip Cathode, Zhaoe Lu, Guanyong Zhang, Tiangeng Zhong, Guonu Fang May 1996

The Reduction Of Oxygen To Hydrogen Peroxide In An Acidic Trickle Bed Cell Using Graphite Chip Cathode, Zhaoe Lu, Guanyong Zhang, Tiangeng Zhong, Guonu Fang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The authors investigated the electrochemical reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide in 0.05 mol/L H 2SO 4 solution by the trickle bed electrode using graphite chip. The bed dimension was 14×5×0.6 cm. The current efficiency and the concentration of H 2O 2 in the catholyte were determined at various current strengths and various rates of adding the electrolyte. The proper current was 0.15 A. i.e. the current density was 2.1 mA/cm 2 vertical cross section area of the bed. The concentration of H 2O 2 reached 7×10 -3 mol/L with the current efficiency of 0.2. If the concentration of H …

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Corosion　Potential　Imagingat　The　Interfaceofcoating／Metalbyanewelectrochemicaltechnique, Chang-Jian Lin, Xiang-Dong Zhuo, Ji-Dong Chen, Hui Wang, Rong-Zong Hu, Yi Song, Jian-Guang Tan May 1996

Corosion　Potential　Imagingat　The　Interfaceofcoating／Metalbyanewelectrochemicaltechnique, Chang-Jian Lin, Xiang-Dong Zhuo, Ji-Dong Chen, Hui Wang, Rong-Zong Hu, Yi Song, Jian-Guang Tan

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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Problems On The Study Of Anodic Films On Pb In Sulfuric Acid Solution(Ⅱ), Houtian Liu, Qunzhou Wang, Yongqin Wan, Weifang Zhou May 1996

Problems On The Study Of Anodic Films On Pb In Sulfuric Acid Solution(Ⅱ), Houtian Liu, Qunzhou Wang, Yongqin Wan, Weifang Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The conditions for the growth of the different phases in the anodic Pb(Ⅱ) film on Pb in sulfuric acid solution were discussed.

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The Electroless Nickel For Aluminium Honeycomb Shielded Vent Windows, Ronghua Wang, Jiaqian Bu May 1996

The Electroless Nickel For Aluminium Honeycomb Shielded Vent Windows, Ronghua Wang, Jiaqian Bu

Journal of Electrochemistry

This report summarizes the electroless plating process of magnetic nickel and noncrystalline nickel for aluminium honeycomb shielded vent windows. The test results showed that the electroless nickel plating is bright in appearance, even in thickness, excellent in adhesion with aluminium substrate, good in conductivity, magnetism and corrosion resistance. Shielding efficiency obtained was 67～78 dB under 4 GHz～12 GHz frequency. Environmental reliability tests were made for 56 days under two environmental conditions, that is at 85 ℃ and 35 ℃, 95% relative humidity. The EMI shielding technical requirements of the electroless double nickel plating for aluminium honeycomb shielded vent windows of …

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A Study Of The Electroplated Fe Cr Ni Alloy Microstructure, Donglin Li, Jianping Liu, Fangzhou Guo, Jianrong Hua May 1996

A Study Of The Electroplated Fe Cr Ni Alloy Microstructure, Donglin Li, Jianping Liu, Fangzhou Guo, Jianrong Hua

Journal of Electrochemistry

The microstructure of the electroplated Fe Cr Ni alloys from the mixed carboxylic acid solution containing Cr(Ⅲ) and additives were determined with XRD and SEM. Experimental results showed that, under the experimental condition, the phase component、structure of Cu base electroplated Fe Cr Ni alloys had a critical thickness, which was 11 μm and a critical Ni content, which was 32%. Organic additives, formic acid or polyethylene Glycol, mainly affected the surface、cross section morphology of the electroplated Fe Cr Ni alloys. Adding Mo to the electroplated Fe Cr Ni alloys led to remarkable corrosion resistance in concentrated HCl.

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Studies Of Surface Treatment Methods And Their Operating Mechanisms For Activation Of Hydrogen Storage Electrode, Ronghui Hu, Hanxi Yang, Shigang Lu, Shengxian Li, Jingcheng Liu, Chongzhi Yang May 1996

Studies Of Surface Treatment Methods And Their Operating Mechanisms For Activation Of Hydrogen Storage Electrode, Ronghui Hu, Hanxi Yang, Shigang Lu, Shengxian Li, Jingcheng Liu, Chongzhi Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Surface treatment methods by use of charge discharge cycling, KBH 4 reduction and KOH etching were parallely investigated for the rapid activation of Mn(NiCoMnAl) 5 electrode. It is found that the MH electrode treated with hot and concentrated KOH solution exhibits rapid and full activation, and also gives lower discharge overvoltage, higher stable capacity and improved cycleability. It is also revealed from SEM, EDAX and ICP analysis that the KOH activation of the electrode proceeds mainly through the enrichment of mischmetal and nickel in surface to form electrocatalytically active surface for hydrogen absorption reaction, but the surface modification with KBH …

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Statistical Mechanical Treatment For The Electrical Double Layer At Ities: Analysis Of Mvn Model, Jintian Wu, Shengpei Chen, Wenduan Su May 1996

Statistical Mechanical Treatment For The Electrical Double Layer At Ities: Analysis Of Mvn Model, Jintian Wu, Shengpei Chen, Wenduan Su

Journal of Electrochemistry

A statistical mechanical treatment for electrical double layer at the interface between two immiscible elecrolyte solution (ITIES) is presented by using grand canonical method based on the MVN model. For the MVN model, the ITIES was represented by that the two space charge regions are separated by an inner layer of the oriented solvent molecules. Assuming that the ions were allowed to penetrated into the solvent compact layer over some distance, then the grand canonical partition function of the inner layer at ITIES can be given. While the mean field approximation is employed to estimate the interactive potential energy of …

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Electroluminescent Property Of N Type Porous Si And Its Characterization By Xps And Lima, Guozheng Li, Chenqian Zhang May 1996

Electroluminescent Property Of N Type Porous Si And Its Characterization By Xps And Lima, Guozheng Li, Chenqian Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The chemical composition and structure of electroluminescent porous Si(PS) on n Si, prepared by photoelectrochemical etching method, were investigated by using XPS and LIMA. The results show that electroluminescence(EL) intensity depends on the formation potential of PS. The relation between EL property and the results of XPS and LIMA is also discussed.

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In Situ Studies Of Copper Electrodepostion On Hopg By Using Ecstm, Zhaoxiong Xie, Bingwei Mao, Xiangdong Zhuo, Jiqian Mu, Zhaowu Tian May 1996

In Situ Studies Of Copper Electrodepostion On Hopg By Using Ecstm, Zhaoxiong Xie, Bingwei Mao, Xiangdong Zhuo, Jiqian Mu, Zhaowu Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, copper electrodepostion on HOPG had been in situ studied by using a homebuilt electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM). Three dimensional nucleation and subsequent growth of copper crystals were found as the initial stage of copper deposition on HOPG. In the case of lower overpotential or lower concentration of Cu 2+ , the bulk deposited copper layer tended to form smooth terraces, and grow at the edge of steps. The terraces were stable to some extent, which made it possible to be observed with atomic resolution. At a higher overpotential, the crystal size of copper were somehow smaller. …

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Electrochemical Studies Of Zncl 2 Urea Melts, Peng Liu, Qiqin Yang, Guankun Liu, Yexiang Tong May 1996

Electrochemical Studies Of Zncl 2 Urea Melts, Peng Liu, Qiqin Yang, Guankun Liu, Yexiang Tong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electric conductivities of ZnCl 2 Urea melts were determined.The influences of temperature and concentration on the conductance have been studied.The cylic voltammetry,potentiostatic electrolysis and open circuit potential time curve after electrolysis,X ray diffraction were used to investigate the electroreduction of Zn 2+ , electrodeposition of zinc on some electrodes in urea metal chlorides melt. The conductivity of urea NaCl ZnCl 2 melt can reach to over 30 ms·cm -1 (125 ℃), and has a liner relationship with temperature from 108 to 140 ℃. The electroreduction of Zn 2+ to zinc is reversible at one step, and CuZn 5 alloy …

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Electrocatalytic Reduction Of Nitrite In The Presence Of Complex Of Cobalt(Ⅱ) And 1,10 Phenanthroline, Jian Tong, Xiaojun Dang, Hulin Li May 1996

Electrocatalytic Reduction Of Nitrite In The Presence Of Complex Of Cobalt(Ⅱ) And 1,10 Phenanthroline, Jian Tong, Xiaojun Dang, Hulin Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemistry of cobalt(Ⅱ) 1,10 phenanthroline Co(Phen) 2+ 2 complex and its ability to electrocatalyze the reduction of nitrite were studied , we found that this complex could act as a catalyst in alkaline or neutral solution for nitrite reduction. We have investigated the effect of the complex composition on electrocatalytic ability. The effects of pH value, complex concentration, regeneration and activation of electrocatalyst on the catalytic current have been studied and discussed.

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Polarographic And Voltammetric Behaviour Of Complex Of Ciprofloxacin With Manganese, Jialing Zhang, Fan Fan, Huizhi Huizhi, Jinghao Pan May 1996

Polarographic And Voltammetric Behaviour Of Complex Of Ciprofloxacin With Manganese, Jialing Zhang, Fan Fan, Huizhi Huizhi, Jinghao Pan

Journal of Electrochemistry

In 0.1 mol·L -1 NH 3 NH 4Cl buffer solution(pH 9.2),a sensitive reduction peak of complex of ciprofloxacin (CPFX) with manganese (Mn) was obtained by single sweep oscillopolarograph. The peak potential( Ep ) is -1.61 V(vs.SCE). The peak current ( i p) is proportional to the concentration of Mn(Ⅱ) over the range of 5×10 -6 ～2×10 -5 mol·L -1 . It is possible to be applied to the determination of Mn(Ⅱ). The polarographyic and voltammetric behaviour of complex was studied in detail. The ratio of CPFX∶Mn in the complex was 2∶1. The electrode reaction mechanism was discussed.

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Surface Raman Spectra Of Pyridine And 2 Mercaptopyrimidine Adsorbed On Rough Nickel Electrode, Qunjian Huang, Jinsong Gao, Xiongwei Cai, Bingwei Mao, Mingseng Zheng, Zhongqun Tian May 1996

Surface Raman Spectra Of Pyridine And 2 Mercaptopyrimidine Adsorbed On Rough Nickel Electrode, Qunjian Huang, Jinsong Gao, Xiongwei Cai, Bingwei Mao, Mingseng Zheng, Zhongqun Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Raman spectra of pyridine and 2 mercaptopyrimidine (2 MP) adsorbed on bare nickel electrodes roughened by a HNO 3 etching procedure have been obtained for the first time by utilizing a highly sensitive confocal Raman microscope.Their adsorption behaviours are discussed briefly.This primary result illustrates a great potential for in situ Raman spectroscopy in the study of chemical and electrochemical processes of transition metal surfaces.

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Study On Electrode Constructure And Electrical Performance Of Na/S Cell, Jianhua Yang, Jiadi Cao May 1996

Study On Electrode Constructure And Electrical Performance Of Na/S Cell, Jianhua Yang, Jiadi Cao

Journal of Electrochemistry

A sodium wick for sodium electrode and trough shaped performs for sulfur electrode in Na/S cell were designed and investigated. The experiments suggested that the sodium wick for sodium electrode not only improved the discharge performance of cell but also reduced the quantity of sodium utilization, and increased the specific energy of Na/S cell. The trough shaped preform with alumina fibres for sulfur electrode decreased the polarization, improved the charge acceptance and prolonged the life of cell.

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The Applications Of Poap Ni 2+ Films Modified Electrode As Sensor For Alcohol, B.Z.Hua Hua, W.Y. Hu, Y.Z.Chen Y.Z.Chen May 1996

The Applications Of Poap Ni 2+ Films Modified Electrode As Sensor For Alcohol, B.Z.Hua Hua, W.Y. Hu, Y.Z.Chen Y.Z.Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

POAP Ni 2+ films modified electrode can electrocatalyzes significantly the oxidation of alcohol. the modified electrode can be used as the electrochemical sensor for the detection of alcohol. But the oxidation of alcohol is effected by the thickness of films、the concentration of nickel ion in films、pH of electrolyte,as well as temperative. All of those conditions have been studied in order to achieve stable response current during the oxidation of alcohol, and the relation between concentration and current has been made. At last the major characteristic parameters, such as the low limitation of concentration、the response time、the ability of antiinterference et al,have …

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Application Of Taguchi Method To Phosphate Coating, Zidong Wei May 1996

Application Of Taguchi Method To Phosphate Coating, Zidong Wei

Journal of Electrochemistry

The problems encountered in phosphating such as unstability of phosphating bath, too much sludge in phosphating and the poor microcosmic formation of phosphating films have been solved by improving the phosphating bath composition and phosphating procedures. As far as the non linear relationship between the coating weight and geometric area of coating in the phosphating of the steel is concerned, the Taguchi Method is used to optimize the phosphating process. The linear relationship between the coating weight and geometric area of coating is finally obtained. The operational property of the present phosphating bath is also dramatically improved by the adoption …

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Auger Resonant Raman Spectroscopy Used To Study The Angular Distributions Of The Xe 4d5/2 → 6p Decay Spectrum, B. Langer, N. Berrah, A. Farhat, Oliver Hemmers, J. Bozek Apr 1996

Auger Resonant Raman Spectroscopy Used To Study The Angular Distributions Of The Xe 4d5/2 → 6p Decay Spectrum, B. Langer, N. Berrah, A. Farhat, Oliver Hemmers, J. Bozek

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

The Auger resonant Raman effect can be used as a method to eliminate natural lifetime broadening in resonant Auger spectra. We have coupled this method with high-resolution photons from the Advanced Light Source to study angular distributions and decay rates of the Xe4d5/2→6p resonant Auger lines. The angular distribution parameters β of almost all possible final ionic 5p4(3P, 1D, 1S)6p states have been determined. Our data, which remove the discrepancy between previous lower-resolution experimental results, are compared to different theoretical results.

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Study Of Electrochemical Behaviour Of Myoglobin Using Cyclic Voltammetry And Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Ju Chou, Haihong Zhou, Tianhong Lu, Yue Wu Feb 1996

Study Of Electrochemical Behaviour Of Myoglobin Using Cyclic Voltammetry And Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Ju Chou, Haihong Zhou, Tianhong Lu, Yue Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Myoglobin undergoes irreversible heterogeneous electron transfer reactions at bare metal electroeds. Thus, much effort has been devoted to obtain quasi-reversible electrochemical reactions of myoglobin at metal electrodes modified with mediators￣(1～3). However, the electron transfer rates at the above modified electrodes is very small so that the spectroelectrochemical techniques should be used in the most of studies. Recently, Taniguchi et al￣[4]. reported that a quasi-reversible electrochemical reaction of the purified horse heart myoglobin was observed at an indium oxide electrode with cyclic voltammetry technique. It was suggested that high purification of myoglobin may be the main reason for obtaining a quasi-reversible …

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