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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Investigation Into Low Cost Flow Injection Analysis, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

Investigation Into Low Cost Flow Injection Analysis, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.


Modern Analytical Chemistry, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

Modern Analytical Chemistry, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.


Design And Operation Of An Autosampler Controlled Flow-Injection Preconcentration System For Lead Determination By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Julian Tyson, S. R. Bysouth, P. B. Stockwell Jan 1989

Design And Operation Of An Autosampler Controlled Flow-Injection Preconcentration System For Lead Determination By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Julian Tyson, S. R. Bysouth, P. B. Stockwell

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.


Study Of The Possible Benefits Of Flow Injection Sample Introduction For Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Julian Tyson, C. E. Adeeyinwo, S. R. Bysouth Jan 1989

Study Of The Possible Benefits Of Flow Injection Sample Introduction For Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Julian Tyson, C. E. Adeeyinwo, S. R. Bysouth

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.


Models For Dispersion In Flow Injection Analysis. Part 2. The Two Tanks In Parallel Model, Julian Tyson, D. C. Stone Jan 1989

Models For Dispersion In Flow Injection Analysis. Part 2. The Two Tanks In Parallel Model, Julian Tyson, D. C. Stone

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

The application of two models based on the stirred mixing tanks, the well stirred tank and the two tanks in parallel models, is discussed, and results are presented for flow manifolds with both flame atomic absorption spectrometric and solution spectrophotometric detectors. Both models can be applied to the description of the dispersion generated by the nebuliser/spray chamber of a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. They can also be applied to flow injection manifolds under conditions giving rise to peaks having exponential-like rise and fall curves.


Shapes Of Normal And Reverse Flow Injection Signals: On-Line Formation Of Iodine From Iodate, Iodide, And Hydrogen Ion, Julian Tyson, A. G. Fogg, X. Wang Jan 1989

Shapes Of Normal And Reverse Flow Injection Signals: On-Line Formation Of Iodine From Iodate, Iodide, And Hydrogen Ion, Julian Tyson, A. G. Fogg, X. Wang

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

Signal shapes for the on-line formation of iodine from iodate, iodide and hydrogen ion in a single-channel manifold using large-volume slug and large-volume time-based injections have been determined using visible spectrophotometry. These large injection volume studies were made first as a means of understanding the shapes of normal and reverse flow injection signals obtained at more conventional injection volumes (10--100 µI). The signal shapes at large injection volumes were determined for the six possible combinations of the reagents in the two solutions serving as carrier stream and injectate so that one solution contained two reagents and the other solution one …


Reduction Of Interference Effects In Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Techniques, C. E. Adeeyinwo, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

Reduction Of Interference Effects In Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Using Flow Injection Techniques, C. E. Adeeyinwo, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

No abstract provided.


Laser Ablation System For Solid Sample Analysis By Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Susan A. Darke, Stephen E. Long, Christopher J. Pickford, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

Laser Ablation System For Solid Sample Analysis By Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Susan A. Darke, Stephen E. Long, Christopher J. Pickford, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

A laser ablation sample introduction system, based on a Nd : YAG laser with an X-Y-Zdirectional sampling head, has been designed and constructed for use with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. A study has been made of a number of parameters which affect the performance of the system to establish the optimum operating conditions. South African Reference Material (SARM) rock samples have been analysed using the system, and the results obtained have been compared with the certificate values. The importance of using closely matrix-matched samples and standards is demonstrated. Precision studies on SARM 5 (pyroxenite) show that both intra- …


Comparison Of Alternating Variable Search And Simple Methods Of Optimisation For Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission And Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry, Stanley Greenfield, Mahmood S. Salman, Maryanne Thomsen, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

Comparison Of Alternating Variable Search And Simple Methods Of Optimisation For Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission And Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry, Stanley Greenfield, Mahmood S. Salman, Maryanne Thomsen, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

The performance of several cyclic alternating variable search (AVS) optimisation methods are compared with two simplex methods with respect to the number of changes of variable required to search a model two-factor response space. The roles of the initial step size and of the variable step size are discussed, and the information produced concerning the shape of the factor space is evaluated. An AVS method which starts with a fixed step size and then changes to a variable step size on second and subsequent cycles is compared with a variable step size simplex for the optimisation of an inductively coupled …


The Design Of Flow Injection Manifolds To Give The Best Detection Limits For Methods Involving On-Line Chemical Derivatisation Part 1. Theoretical Basis For High Sensitivity, Julian Tyson Jan 1989

The Design Of Flow Injection Manifolds To Give The Best Detection Limits For Methods Involving On-Line Chemical Derivatisation Part 1. Theoretical Basis For High Sensitivity, Julian Tyson

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

The criteria to be considered when designing a flow-injection manifold for the highest sensitivity for a method based on measurement of the peak height corresponding to a derivative formed on-line between the injectate and a reagent. These criteria include the ratio of reagent concentration to determinand concentration at the peak maximum, the concentration of the top standard and the reagent composition. These three parameters can be combined to give a single parameter referred to as the a-value being the ratio of the determinand to reagent dispersion coefficients at the peak maximum for the top standard. It is shown, on the …


The Design Of Flow Injection Manifolds To Give The Best Detection Limits For Methods Involving On-Line Chemical Derivatisation Part 2. The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Chloride, Julian Tyson, A. G. Fogg, X. Wang Jan 1989

The Design Of Flow Injection Manifolds To Give The Best Detection Limits For Methods Involving On-Line Chemical Derivatisation Part 2. The Spectrophotometric Determination Of Chloride, Julian Tyson, A. G. Fogg, X. Wang

Chemistry Department Faculty Publication Series

The optimisation of a flow injection manifold for the spectrophotometric determination of chloride is described. Factors contributing to the baseline noise due to refractive index and reagent absorption effects are removed by a combination of design features. Firstly, a double-line manifold is used; secondly, pulse-dampers and a packed bed reactor are incorporated into the flow lines and thirdly a delay coil is introduced to resolve the valve switching peaks from the determinand peaks. The appropriate conditions for obtaining the maximum sensitivity are found from an off-line experiment and the guidelines established on the basis of the well-stirred tank model for …