Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science - Volume 73, 2019, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Report (Secretary's And Treasurer's Report), Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Instructions To Authors, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Keynote Address And Meeting Program, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Tribute To Dr. Mostafa Hemmati, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Journal Acknowledgments And Editorial Board, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bots, Bias And Big Data: Artificial Intelligence, Algorithmic Bias And Disparate Impact Liability In Hiring Practices, Mckenzie Raub

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Green Supply Chain Management: A Perspective On Best Practices In Gscm Design, Leroy Paddock, Natasha Rao

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Reclaiming Energy Efficiency In An Age Of Petroleum Exclusion, Monika Ehrman

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Contracting For Sustainable Surface Management, Tara Righetti

Arkansas Law Review

No abstract provided.

Keynote: Motivating Private Climate Governance: The Role Of The Efficiency Gap, Michael P. Vandenbergh

Arkansas Law Review

The topic of this symposium, “Environmental Sustainability and Private Governance,” is important and timely. In response to the shrinking federal role in environmental protection, many policy advocates have focused on the role of states and cities, but this symposium focuses on another important source of sustainability initiatives: the private sector, including corporations, households, civic and cultural organizations, religious organizations, private hospitals, colleges and universities, and other organizations. States, cities, and other subnational government responses are increasingly important, but the limited geographic reach of subnational governments constrains their ability to address many environmental problems. For instance, although twenty states have set …

Journal Acknowledgments And Editorial Board, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Soil Organic Carbon And Mineralization Rates At The Woolsey Wet Prairie Mitigation Site In Fayetteville, Arkansas, Zachary Tipton, Lisa S. Wood, Mary Savin, Benjamin R. Runkle

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels are rapidly increasing, surpassing 400 ppm in 2013 from a pre-industrial revolution level of around 280 ppm. Researchers have been looking at methods to reduce CO₂ levels in the atmosphere, including promoting carbon sequestration in soils. Carbon sequestration is the process where CO₂ is naturally or artificially transferred out of the atmosphere and stored in the ocean, plant biomass, soils, and geologic formations. Seemingly contradictory to the notion of carbon sequestration is the use of fire as a management treatment for the restoration of native prairie grass ecosystems. Fire combusts plant …

Wave Profile For Current Bearing Lightning Strokes, Baylee Landers, M Hemmati, Ali Alzhrani

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The propagation of breakdown waves in a gas, which is primarily driven by electron gas pressure, is described by a one-dimensional, steady-state, three-component (electrons, ions, and neutral particles) fluid model. This study will involve waves propagating in the opposite direction of the electric field force on electrons (anti-force waves—lightning return stroke) only. We consider the electron gas partial pressure to be much larger than that of the other species and the waves to have a shock front. Our set of equations consists of the equations of conservation of the flux of mass, momentum, and energy coupled with the Poisson’s equation. …

Tree Ring Dating Of The Ficklin-Imboden Log Structures, Powhatan Historic State Park, Arkansas, Kaylee R. Mcadoo, David W. Stahle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Powhatan Historic State Park in Powhatan, Arkansas preserves and interprets five historical structures from 19^th century Arkansas, including the Ficklin-Imboden Log House. This structure, which is actually two separate log buildings with uncertain construction dates and functions, is believed to be the earliest surviving structure at Powhatan State Park and is on the National Register of Historic Places. Powhatan State Park contracted with the University of Arkansas Tree-Ring Laboratory to develop a more accurate dating and interpretation of the log structures.

Dendrochronology (tree-ring dating) was used to determine the true felling dates of logs in both buildings. Core specimens …

Optimum Magnetometer Transect Spacing To Locate Legacy Oil And Gas Wells: Preliminary Results, Jason A. Patton, Michael G. Davis, Kenyon J. Gowing, Hunter B. Vickers

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The purpose of this project was to examine the optimum transect spacing to locate legacy oil and gas wells using an Overhauser magnetometer. Widely known to be a potential environmental hazard, legacy oil and gas wells may act as a conduit for methane and/or deeper subsurface fluids (naturally occurring brines, injected waste fluids, or injected CO₂) to the surface or shallow subsurface. Many plugged wells have all surface equipment removed leaving no visible trace at the surface and thus making the environmental assessment of these wells difficult. Using a magnetometer along a set of predefined transects, magnetic anomalies …

Generation Of Generalized-Gauss Laser Beams Via A Spatial Light Modulator, Jessica P. Conry Young, Samantha Dix

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Generalized-Gauss laser beams can be described as a continuous transition between the well-known Hermite-Gauss (HG) and Laguerre-Gauss (LG) laser beams. A spatial light modulator (SLM) was made by removing the liquid crystal display (LCD) from an overhead projector. The homemade SLM, encoded with a computer-generated hologram, was then used to convert a fundamental Gaussian beam from a small frame Helium-Neon (HeNe) laser into several different orders of Generalized-Gauss (GG) beams. The experimentally generated GG beam profiles matched the theoretically expected profiles.

Travel To Extraterrestrial Bodies Over Time: Some Exploratory Analyses Of Mission Data, Venkat Kodali, Rohith Kumar Reddy Duggirala, Richard S. Segall, Hyacinthe Aboudja, Daniel Berleant

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

This paper discusses data pertaining to space missions to astronomical bodies beyond earth. The analyses provide summarizing facts and graphs obtained by mining data about (1) missions launched by all countries that go to the moon and planets, and (2) Earth satellites obtained from a Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) dataset and lists of publically available satellite data.

Deep Learning-Based Framework For Autism Functional Mri Image Classification, Xin Yang, Saman Sarraf, Ning Zhang

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The purpose of this paper is to introduce deep learning-based framework LeNet-5 architecture and implement the experiments for functional MRI image classification of Autism spectrum disorder. We implement our experiments under the NVIDIA deep learning GPU Training Systems (DIGITS). By using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) LeNet-5 architecture, we successfully classified functional MRI image of Autism spectrum disorder from normal controls. The results show that we obtained satisfactory results for both sensitivity and specificity.

Comparison Of Various Mean Field Formulations For Retrieving Refractive Indices Of Aerosol Particles Containing Inclusions, Kristin S. Dooley, Jessica Deyoung

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Application of effective medium approximation (EMA) methods to two-component systems are presented. Systems studied are composed of water, sulfate, soot, and dust as these are commonly encountered atmospheric aerosol components. Atmospheric models often employ EMAs to include internally mixed aerosols without the computational burden of exact theory. In the current work, several types of mixing rules (Maxwell-Garnet, Bruggeman, and coherent potential approximation) have been applied to various two-component internally mixed particles at 550 nm using volume fractions of the minor component below 0.1. As expected, results show that the formulations tested produce very similar effective refractive indices indicating that electric …

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science- Volume 72 2018, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Report (Secretary's And Treasurer's Report), Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Keynote Address And Meeting Program Report, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Instructions To Authors For The Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Eco-Cosplay: Upcycling As A Sustainable Method Of Costume Construction, Sarah West, Kathleen Smith

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

This research addresses sustainability in the apparel industry from the specific perspective of repurposing materials for use in costume development. Repurposing discarded materials, also referred to as upcycling, is examined as a viable approach to waste management and evaluated for its impact on sustainability in apparel and textile production, especially in relation to costume development. Current issues in sustainability in the apparel industry that are a focus for this research include waste from production as well as post-consumer waste. The project includes the design and construction of two costume pieces based on a style of costume known as cosplay. Cosplay …

Hydrothermally Emplaced, Lower Mississippian, Tripolitic Chert And Its Possible Relationship To The Tri-State Lead-Zinc Mining District, J. Chick, J. Cains, F. Mcfarlin, S. Mckim, A. Potra

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Across the southern Ozark Region, northern Arkansas, southwestern Missouri, and northeastern Oklahoma, exposures of the Lower Mississippian Boone Formation and its equivalents exhibit well-developed tripolitic chert that has been mined, more or less continuously, for at least 80 years. The tripolitic chert is a replacement of an interval within the basal portion of the upper Boone Formation in Arkansas and Oklahoma, and equivalent to the Elsey Formation in Missouri. The movement of silica-rich, hydrothermal fluids appears to have been much like that of a confined aquifer. It followed the basal upper Boone Formation (Arkansas) = Elsey Formation (Missouri) and was …

Bond Length And Bond Valence For Tungsten-Oxygen And Tungsten-Sulfur Bonds, F. D. Hardcastle, R. Lykins

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In 1947, Linus Pauling presented an “empirical” dependence of bond valence (s, also referred to as bond order) and bond length R: s = exp[(R₀-R)/b], where R₀ is bond length of unit valence and “b” is a fitting parameter. Recently, an expression was derived for relating the b fitting parameter to theoretically derived atomic orbital exponents. With a method to calculate b, both R₀ and atomic orbital exponents can be experimentally determined through optimized fitting for W-O and W-S bonds. In the present study, bond …

Wave Profile For Breakdown Waves With A Large Current Behind The Wave Front, M. Hemmati, J. Griffiths, M. Bowman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

For analytical solution of breakdown waves with a large current behind the wave front, we employ a one-dimensional, steady-state, three-component (electrons, ions, and neutral particles) fluid model. This project involves breakdown waves propagating in the opposite direction of the electric field force on electrons, anti-force waves (return stroke in lightning); and the electron gas partial pressure is considered to provide the driving force for the propagation of the wave. The basic set of equations consists of the equation of conservation of mass flux, equation of conservation of momentum, equation of conservation of energy, plus Poisson’s equation. The waves are considered …