Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Inexpensive Fluid Flow Visualization In A Microfluidic Channel Experiment Overview, Maoling Chu
Inexpensive Fluid Flow Visualization In A Microfluidic Channel Experiment Overview, Maoling Chu
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Flow visualization is vital to describe the motion of a fluid in microfluidic channels. This paper summarizes and lists systems based on two common visualization technique categories: particle-based techniques and scalar-based techniques. For this experiment, microfluidic channels were created using PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). Based on our results and many fabrication trials, it was difficult to say whether this experiment was easy or inexpensive. If the first channel made by the researchers had successfully worked, it would have been clear that utilizing PDMS to fabricate a microfluidic channel for flow visualization was cheap and easy. However, no fully successful microfluidic chips were …
Fiddler Crabs And Selfish Herds: High School Cliques Or More Diverse?, Shelby Warrelmann
Fiddler Crabs And Selfish Herds: High School Cliques Or More Diverse?, Shelby Warrelmann
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Marsh fiddler crabs (Uca pugnax) have diverse foraging habits which are dependent on the personality of each crab. The formation of droves or preference to scavenge alone may correspond to factors such as: Location within a herd, herd size, size of males, and feeding rate. Previous research suggests that 1) a central location in a herd corresponds to an increase in feeding rate 2) herd size doesn't affect feeding rates and 3) location within a herd often is related to an individual's size. A multi-year observational study was conducted to determine the validity of these claims and found that while …
Using Mechanics Of A Double Pendulum To Maximize Sport Performance, Heston Neal
Using Mechanics Of A Double Pendulum To Maximize Sport Performance, Heston Neal
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Sports have developed over time into an entire industry from the children who grow up playing sports to the professional players that fans love to watch. Because all sports involve movements of the human body, a bio-mechanical system, these movements may be modeled with mathematics and physics. Specifically, the sports of golf, tennis, and baseball can use the concepts of a double pendulum to maximize sport performance. The double pendulum model is applied to these sports by making the arm one pendulum and the club, racquet, or bat the second pendulum. A good understanding of the mechanics of a double …
Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen Dynamics In Swash Zone Sands Of Long Bay, Sc, Alexis F. Echols
Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen Dynamics In Swash Zone Sands Of Long Bay, Sc, Alexis F. Echols
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
A key component affecting the biogeochemistry of the sedimentary environment is pore water between grains of sediments. Sedimentary microorganisms are constantly modifying chemical compounds as part of their life functions which are then exchanged between the sediment column and the overlying water column. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen, a major element for life, takes on several forms including nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium which vary in concentration throughout the sediment and with respect to each other. The relative concentrations of these nitrogen species have been previously briefly explored in sandy columns, where redox gradients that control their relative concentrations can be fairly deep …
Approximate Approaches For Nuclear Weak Interaction Rates In Astrophysics, Benjamin M. Anderson
Approximate Approaches For Nuclear Weak Interaction Rates In Astrophysics, Benjamin M. Anderson
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Nuclear weak interactions, like beta decay, are important inputs for modeling astrophysical explosions. In the allowed approximation, these processes proceed as Fermi or Gamow Teller (GT) processes where the spins of the electron and neutrino are anti-parallel or parallel, respectively. In the GT case, transition probability is spread over many final states in the daughter nucleus, with each probability determination requiring numerical integration of the available phase space. Developing a fast and accurate method for calculating each contribution to the total decay rate would provide reliable weak rate libraries for astrophysical modelers. The phase space integrand includes the classical statistical …
The Clean Air Act And Its Impact On Ground Level Ozone Pollution Levels In Los Angeles, California, Rebecca Ford
The Clean Air Act And Its Impact On Ground Level Ozone Pollution Levels In Los Angeles, California, Rebecca Ford
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Ozone (O3) occurs as a photochemically produced pollutant in the troposphere and its emission and concentration is regulated by the Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970. The Los Angeles area is an example of how O3 can be a public health hazard and taint a city’s aesthetics and quality of life through photochemical smog. This study was conducted to observe the overall effectiveness of the CAA. I explored daily O3 concentrations from 1980 to the present at three air quality monitoring stations in LA from the AirData database of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. National O3 standards were only exceeded …
Sustainable Energy In The Galapagos, Sean Dove
Sustainable Energy In The Galapagos, Sean Dove
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
As the global population continues to grow, so does the dependency and need for energy. For decades, the solution to satisfy the world's demand has been the use of cheap, abundant, and inefficient sources such as coal and oil, but these sources are contributing to massive amounts of environmental degradation and the emission of greenhouse gases. The Galapagos Islands have pledged to do away with fossil fuels in an innovative "Zero Fuels Initiative" in order to help combat environmental damage to its own pristine habitats that make Galapagos one of the most sought out destinations in the world for scientific …
Un-Redd And The Yasuní-Itt Initiative As Global Environmental Governance Mechanisms, Dominique De Wit
Un-Redd And The Yasuní-Itt Initiative As Global Environmental Governance Mechanisms, Dominique De Wit
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
The importance of reaching out to and including local stakeholders and local norms is becoming a factor within the formation and implementation of global environmental governance mechanisms. In recent years the Ishpingo-Tambococha-Tiputini (ITT) block of the Ecuadorian Yasuní National Park has caught widespread international attention due to its biological and cultural diversity, as well as its impact on carbon emissions at a time when climate change is a big concern for many. This article evaluates the contradictions and imperatives of two initiatives, the first being the Yasuní-ITT Initiative, formulated domestically on alternative non-extraction norms. The second is the United Nations …
Multimessenger Astronomy: Modeling Gravitational And Electromagnetic Radiations From A Stellar Binary System, Kevin Kern
Multimessenger Astronomy: Modeling Gravitational And Electromagnetic Radiations From A Stellar Binary System, Kevin Kern
Bridges: A Journal of Student Research
Our Sun is one of roughly 100 billion other stars that make up the Milky Way Galaxy. Two-thirds of all stars are paired off, with a gravitational bond between the two stars. Such systems are known as stellar binaries. Although these binaries are very common in the galaxy, there is much yet to be learned about their formation, evolution, and interactions. The approach taken in this thesis is to produce simulated data representing the expected measurements that an observational astronomer would collect. We attempt to simulate three different stellar binary star systems: an eclipsing binary, a spectroscopic binary, and a …