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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Choosing A Sophisticated, Robust, And Secure Programming Language, J. Simon Richard
Choosing A Sophisticated, Robust, And Secure Programming Language, J. Simon Richard
The Downtown Review
This paper explores which programming languages maximize the quality and efficiency of software development projects requiring high levels of sophistication, security, and stability. Of the four languages discussed in this paper—C, C++, Java, and Rust—we conclude that Rust is the best for this application.
Making The Transition To Post-Quantum Cryptography, J. Simon Richard
Making The Transition To Post-Quantum Cryptography, J. Simon Richard
The Downtown Review
Without intervention, quantum computing could threaten the security of a large portion of our internet in the near future. However, solutions exist. This paper, which is intended for a general audience, provides a wider context for our current state of quantum-preparedness amid the transition from classical cryptosystems to post-quantum cryptosystems—cryptographic algorithms that can resist the attacks of quantum computers. It will also submit a possible way forward inspired by the actions taken around the globe to prevent the millennium (or Y2K) bug.
Pharyngeal Constriction As A Cause For Late Acquisition And Speech Sound Disorders Of Rhotic Sounds In English, Spanish, And French, Connor Mahon
The Downtown Review
This paper attempts to explain why rhotic sounds are cross-linguistically late developing among the sound inventory of children. Included is a summary of the current literature regarding classification of rhotic sounds, an examination of the articulatory movement of the tongue root, and an overview of the clinical implications on the field of speech-language pathology. The evidence presented supports the hypothesis that pharyngeal constriction is characteristic of rhotic sounds in many languages, and that it is related to the relative late acquisition and higher rate of speech sound disorders, as seen in English, Spanish, and French.
Inequality, Rubber, And Thermodynamics In Indonesia, Ernest M. Oleksy
Inequality, Rubber, And Thermodynamics In Indonesia, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Downtown Review
Intersectionality has led the charge in ensuring that workplace justice is assured to all people, irrespective of their identities. While intersectionality is a useful theory for explaining inequality, what must not be understated is the contributions that postcolonialism and the blue-collar working identity can have on harsh working conditions. Particularly, miners in Indonesia have had to work in very hostile environments where they are at-risk for sulfur poisoning as they mine for materials to vulcanize rubber. This article serves two purposes. The first is to call attention to how place can help explain the differential experiences of miners in the …
The Chemical Causes And Social Effects Of Acid Rain, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Chemical Causes And Social Effects Of Acid Rain, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Downtown Review
While global warming tends to dominate the collective conscious for environmentalism of academics and the public alike, many other physical phenomena bear serious implications for humanity's future. One such phenomenon, acid rain, has been under-reported considering how damaging it is to the ecosystem and how much politicking is involved when determining how to address it. This article serves two purposes. The first is to inform readers of the basic chemical processes underlying acid rain and why it is damaging to organisms. The second is to inform readers of how acid rain has been portrayed by other publications, like the National …
The Theory Of Relativity And Applications: A Simple Introduction, Ellen Rea
The Theory Of Relativity And Applications: A Simple Introduction, Ellen Rea
The Downtown Review
This paper will provide a brief overview of the theory of relativity by looking at its two parts: special relativity and general relativity. It will omit most of the complex mathematics involved in order to focus on providing a more conceptual understanding. However, some simplified equations will be introduced to illustrate various aspects of the theory. Some of the experiments and scientific observations that support the theory as well as some of the scientific advances that emerged from the theory will also be discussed. Following the overview of the theory of relativity will be some of its applications in past …
An Examination Of The Death Penalty, Alexandra N. Kremer
An Examination Of The Death Penalty, Alexandra N. Kremer
The Downtown Review
The death penalty, or capital punishment, is the use of execution through hanging, beheading, drowning, gas chambers, lethal injection, and electrocution among others in response to a crime. This has spurred much debate on whether it should be used for reasons such as ethics, revenge, economics, effectiveness as a deterrent, and constitutionality. Capital punishment has roots that date back to the 18th century B.C., but, as of 2016, has been abolished in law or practice by more than two thirds of the world’s countries and several states within the United States. Here, the arguments for and against the death …
Unreplicable: The Unscientific Nature Of Science Journals, Ernest M. Oleksy
Unreplicable: The Unscientific Nature Of Science Journals, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Downtown Review
Academia shapes the way our species looks at veracity and defines what is deemed as well-founded science. The platform for researchers to make their work known is academic journals. The prerogative of these journals is to disseminate technically sound work so that the public may be informed of up-to-date advances in scientific fields. However, these journals are products on the market whose ultimate purpose is to garner a following that will make the producers money. This results in research that does not have statistically significant findings, or replications of past experiments which are integral to supporting the findings of the …
The Chemistry Of The Flint Water Crisis, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Chemistry Of The Flint Water Crisis, Ernest M. Oleksy
The Downtown Review
Politics and science do not always go hand-in-hand. Nowhere was this more clear than in the Flint Water Crisis. Negligence towards growing levels of lead poisoning in drinking water led to incredibly deleterious effects on Flint's citizens. The chemistry of equilibrium and the shortcomings of local leaders led to Flint's water becoming a crisis.
The Ecological Impacts Of Non-Native Species On River Otter Populations, Nadia Swit
The Ecological Impacts Of Non-Native Species On River Otter Populations, Nadia Swit
The Downtown Review
Most nonindigenous species invasions can have negative consequences on an environment. Trophic systems may become altered as prey sources are depleted, which can have further implications on community and habitat structure. However, some species invasions can be positive as it can provide another food source for key stone species. The effects of invasive species are reviewed in the following paper for the North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) and the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). In the case of the North American river, the introduction of the lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) has negatively impacted otter …
Jainism And Nonviolence: From Mahavira To Modern Times, Lana E. Sims
Jainism And Nonviolence: From Mahavira To Modern Times, Lana E. Sims
The Downtown Review
The research contained in this paper focuses on the religion of Jainism, its main principle of ahimsa, or nonviolence, and how that philosophy has evolved over the years, eventually inspiring today’s nonviolent movements. First, a look will be taken at the origin of Jainism, with a brief explanation of its most important principles and beliefs. Then, ahimsa is explained as it has been traditionally perceived by Jains. The recent evolution of the meaning of ahimsa and its impact on modern nonviolence movements is discussed, with a focus on the influence of second-generation Jains in the United States on the …
On The Detection Of Exoplanets Via Radial Velocity Doppler Spectroscopy, Joseph P. Glaser
On The Detection Of Exoplanets Via Radial Velocity Doppler Spectroscopy, Joseph P. Glaser
The Downtown Review
Since the discovery of the first exoplanet occurred in the late 1980s, physicists and astronomers have confirmed the existence of over 1783 planets orbiting other stars. Over the years, several methods have been developed for detecting these celestial systems, but none has thus far been more successful than the use of Radial Velocity Doppler Spectroscopy. As such, this paper attempts to break down the barriers placed before new entries into the field by detailing the theoretical premise and experimental process of this most successful technique. The content enclosed is geared for the senior undergraduate student with some knowledge of vector-based …
Analytical Report On Consumer Gasoline Choices, Michael Stanley
Analytical Report On Consumer Gasoline Choices, Michael Stanley
The Downtown Review
Most gas in the United States comes from the same few refineries, where different brands of gasoline are created as they are pumped into the fuel tankers, as opposed to individual retail facilities. Dr. Edward Murphy of the American Petroleum Institute explains that “base gas is a freely traded commodity that must meet certain government specifications. It flows through common pipelines into commingled storage tanks” (Blumberg). Although brands of gasoline have major differences, those differences are not due to origin or refining process, since they are processed from crude oil into gasoline together. The difference in the brands comes late …