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Articles 1 - 30 of 67
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wrinkles In Time : An Exploration Of Non-Uniform Temporal Resolution In Network Data, Daniel John Ditursi
Wrinkles In Time : An Exploration Of Non-Uniform Temporal Resolution In Network Data, Daniel John Ditursi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The continued proliferation of timestamped network data demands increasing sophistication in the analysis of that data. In particular, the literature amply demonstrates that the choice of temporal resolution has a profound impact on the solutions produced by many different methods in this domain -- answers differ when data is viewed second-by-second as opposed to week-by-week. Additionally, research also shows quite clearly that the rates at which network events happen are not constant -- some times are "faster" or "slower" than others, and these variations are not necessarily predictable. Given the above, it is clear that there must be problem settings …
Pose Based Human Activity Recognition, Wenbo Li
Pose Based Human Activity Recognition, Wenbo Li
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Pose based human activity recognition is an important step towards video understanding. The last decade has witnessed the great progress in this field which is driven by multiple technical innovations, i.e., kinect, pose estimation techniques, deep learning, etc.
Raman Spectroscopic Examination Of Bloodstains For Forensic Purposes : Background And Race Determination, Ewelina M. Mistek
Raman Spectroscopic Examination Of Bloodstains For Forensic Purposes : Background And Race Determination, Ewelina M. Mistek
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Chapter 1 of this thesis critically overviews recent developments in forensic trace evidence analysis since 2016. It covers improvements to existing techniques as well as new methods for the analysis of fibers, hair, paint, glass, gunshot residue (GSR), and explosives.
Spatial Boundary Detection And Estimation Of Jet Stream As A Key Factor For Tornado Environments, Mingzeng Sun
Spatial Boundary Detection And Estimation Of Jet Stream As A Key Factor For Tornado Environments, Mingzeng Sun
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Understanding the impact of spatial patterns and processing features on health is a key element in public health and epidemiology fields. This thesis investigates these fundamental tasks using two approaches: high dimensional Kolmogorov-Zurbenko Adaptive smoothing and spatial boundary identification by rolling variation algorithm.
Characterizing Body Fluids With Raman Spectroscopy : Towards Real World Application, Marisia Ann Fikiet
Characterizing Body Fluids With Raman Spectroscopy : Towards Real World Application, Marisia Ann Fikiet
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This project continues the research on a new method of body fluid identification and furthers its field capabilities. This method of identification uses Raman spectroscopy and advanced chemometrics to distinguish between body fluids. It is an improvement on current methods because it is confirmatory, non-destructive, and has simple sample preparation. The first objective of this research is to create a model for differentiating body fluids for a new desktop instrument. It was determined that due to resolution differences from a research grade instrument, a new model needed to be made for this the desktop instrument. This model will be able …
Measurement Of Bottom Quark Pair Production, In Association With Z Bosons And Top Quarks, With The Atlas Detector, Stewart Swift
Measurement Of Bottom Quark Pair Production, In Association With Z Bosons And Top Quarks, With The Atlas Detector, Stewart Swift
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This thesis uses 36.1 fb-1 of proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector situated at the Large Hadron Collider at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV to measure the associated production of Z bosons with b-quark jets. The differential cross-sections for events containing a Z boson with 1 and 2 additional b-quark-jets are measured and compared with leading and next-to-leading order theoretical predictions.
Towards The Development Of A Concurrent Programming Language, Marrium Ayesha
Towards The Development Of A Concurrent Programming Language, Marrium Ayesha
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In order to fully utilize the potential of current architectures, programmers must program withconcurrency in mind. Concurrent processes can be extremely challenging to reason about due tounexpected program behavior that may emerge from interaction between processes. One approachto deal with this difficulty is to study new programming languages that offer an abstraction forconcurrency. This thesis focuses on developing a logical interpretation for concurrent processesand incorporating it in an existing functional programming language called SML. We developthis feature upon the fact that a proof of a theorem in logic can be expressed as a program in aprogramming language. This relation allows …
Quantification Of Hemoglobin In Human Blood To Differentiate Individuals From One Another, Audrey Jeanne Auleley
Quantification Of Hemoglobin In Human Blood To Differentiate Individuals From One Another, Audrey Jeanne Auleley
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Blood is one of the principal sources of evidence in crime scene investigations. The level of hemoglobin in human blood is known to hardly fluctuate over time in a healthy adult patient. Using a method like the sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) method for hemoglobin level determination is beneficial because SLS converts any other derivates of hemoglobin into methemoglobin. The amount of hemoglobin would be determined using the linear correlation between the absorbance of methemoglobin and its amount in blood samples. Those curves differ significantly from sample to sample. Therefore, a differentiation can be observed between the blood samples of different …
Computational Modeling As A Tool For Designing Ligands And Receptors, Waqas S. Awan
Computational Modeling As A Tool For Designing Ligands And Receptors, Waqas S. Awan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Computational methods can be used for a wide range of applications, especially regarding DNA and RNA. Interactions such as sugar torsions, receptor-ligand interactions, ligand docking/drug docking, receptor modeling, and drug design are excellent candidates for computational analysis and in silico experiments. The use of molecular dynamics software (GROMACS) coupled with molecular design software (MOE) produce insights that may have been otherwise difficult to assess. All these problems are academic in nature but have practical uses outside of academia. Understanding alternate linkages can lead to antibiotic assays to address potential superbug epidemics. Modeling DNA superstructures can provide insight into how large …
Synergistic Effects Of Midlevel Dry Air And Vertical Wind Shear On Tropical Cyclone Development, Joshua James Alland
Synergistic Effects Of Midlevel Dry Air And Vertical Wind Shear On Tropical Cyclone Development, Joshua James Alland
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation seeks to better understand how midlevel moisture and vertical wind shear (VWS) modulate tropical cyclone (TC) development. The first component of this dissertation simplifies the objective by focusing solely on how midlevel moisture modulates TC development, utilizing an axisymmetric modeling framework. Results show that low-entropy midlevel air affects the upward vertical mass flux in these experiments through subsidence into the subcloud layer, which results in a longer recovery time before deep convection develops. This process, as well as descending motion closer to the inner core, limits the radial width of deep convection, reduces the area of upward motions, …
Investigation Of Optical Second Harmonic Generation From Si (100) With Process Tailored Surface & Embedded Ag Nanostructures For Advanced Si Nonlinear Nanophotonics, Gourav Bhowmik
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The challenge of current microelectronic architecture in transmission bandwidth and power consumption can be potentially solved by using silicon photonics technologies that are compatible with modern CMOS fabrication. One of the critical active photonic devices for Si photonics is a Si based optical modulator. Most of the reported silicon modulators rely on the free carrier plasma dispersion effect. In those cases, a weak change of the refractive index obtained by carrier accumulation, injection or depletion is utilized in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or a microring resonator to achieve intensity modulation, rendering them difficult for chip-level implementation due to a large footprint …
An Underground World : Creative Writing In The Dystopian Genre, Mary Kathleen Brown
An Underground World : Creative Writing In The Dystopian Genre, Mary Kathleen Brown
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite its importance for the creation of a compelling story, world-building is often overlooked in literary studies due to its complexity, with studies instead favoring analysis of plot, character, or situation. The dystopian genre dictates why world-building is a crucial element for fictional writing because it showcases a manipulated relationship between writer and reader. Using the overlap in possible worlds and actual worlds, this paper explores how world-building incites change in the actual world due to a reader correlating the possible world with their own. By way of example, my paper features the first three chapters of my dystopian novel, …
Evaluation Of Fingerprint Content For Forensic Crime Scene Analysis And Drug Metabolite Detection, Erica Kathryn Brunelle
Evaluation Of Fingerprint Content For Forensic Crime Scene Analysis And Drug Metabolite Detection, Erica Kathryn Brunelle
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
With respect to criminal investigations, one key piece of evidence that often gets overlooked are fingerprints. For years, fingerprint samples have been believed to be useful only for matching purposes using their unique ridges, shapes, and sizes. With the rapid growth of forensic science, it has become evident that the development of fingerprint analysis has been stagnant. The traditional approach has been advantageous for the identification of many individuals; however, many fingerprint samples have been labeled “unusable” due to smudging, smearing, or any one of a myriad of reasons that could cause inconclusive matches. These samples can, however, still be …
Tribute From The Underworld : The Historical Ecology Of The Maya Postclassic Fish Trade With Isotopic Analysis Of Otoliths From MayapáN And Caye Coco, Jeffrey Michael Bryant
Tribute From The Underworld : The Historical Ecology Of The Maya Postclassic Fish Trade With Isotopic Analysis Of Otoliths From MayapáN And Caye Coco, Jeffrey Michael Bryant
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation investigates the Maya fish trade through the extensive analysis of fish otoliths (ear stones), from the Postclassic sites of Mayapán, and Caye Coco, and provides an initial foundation for the development of a historical ecology program. Through osteometry, thin-section microscopy of growth rings, and microscale stable isotope analysis (δC13 and δO18), a spectrum of data is produced to characterize the Postclassic fish trade. These data are used to illuminate themes of the seasonality of the fish harvest, diet, biodiversity, fish population demography, environmental change, sustainability, and resilience. The timing of a seasonal intensification of the harvest is viewed …
Applying Forecast Track And Intensity Diagnostics To High-Impact Northeast Winter Storms, Tomer Burg
Applying Forecast Track And Intensity Diagnostics To High-Impact Northeast Winter Storms, Tomer Burg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A conventional forecasting notion is that as lead time decreases, numerical weather prediction models exhibit a leftward (i.e., west) trend in the forecast position of low-pressure systems along the East Coast of the U.S. This left trend, which may turn seemingly weak ocean cyclones into high-impact weather events for the Northeast U.S., is attributed to various potential causes, such as variability in upstream shortwave troughs, or the representation of latent heat release in the NWP models downstream of the trough associated with the incipient cyclone. This study seeks to address whether this rule of thumb holds any significant merit, and …
A Multiscale Analysis Of The Rainband And Cellular Structure In Hurricanes Harvey And Irma (2017) Using The Ncar Ensemble, Dylan Card
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Tropical cyclones pose a significant threat to life and property, and exhibit many severe weather hazards as they make landfall, such as storm surge, strong winds, flooding rains, and tornadoes. Tropical cyclone rainbands are associated with nearly all of these hazards, which can extend hundreds of kilometers inland. Thus, understanding tropical cyclone rainband structure, and the individual convective cells of which rainbands are composed, is important to mitigating risk. Several previous studies have documented the overall structure of tropical cyclone rainbands, including the cells of which they are comprised and the environments in which they are embedded. These studies have …
Permanently Heated Micro-Wire Electrodes For Electrochemistry Above The Boiling Point, Zhihua Chang
Permanently Heated Micro-Wire Electrodes For Electrochemistry Above The Boiling Point, Zhihua Chang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Heated micro-wire electrodes offer lots of advantages, such as, accurate temperature control, enhanced diffusion and accelerated reaction kinetics through micro-stirring effect, easy cleaning, and low cost, etc. Its application in high temperature electrochemistry has gained lots of interests since its debut in the mid-1990s. A maximum of 250 °C has been reported using heating pulses in duration of 5 ms. For various applications, permanently heating would be more useful. In this study, two types of micro-wire electrodes were successfully developed for electrochemistry above the boiling point with acetaminophen as model compound and a continuous heating time of at least 2 …
Detection And Attribution Of Wind Energy Changes In The Contiguous United States, North Atlantic Ocean And European Sector In The Twentieth Century, Shengzhe Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Wind power is playing a greater role as an alternative energy resource to fossil fuels. The prediction skills for hourly and daily forecasts of hub-height (80 – 100 m) wind power are increasingly reliable. However, regarding historical trends in wind energy availability (an important variable for determining wind farm capacity factors), little is known about the interannual and decadal variability of the hub-height wind speed. With climate change uncertainty now incorporated into wind energy resource assessment, insight into the relative contribution from the internal variability of the climate system versus the external forcing is presently lacking. Here, Empirical Orthogonal Function …
Precipitation Characteristics And Their Dependence On Data Resolution And Model Physics, Di Chen
Precipitation Characteristics And Their Dependence On Data Resolution And Model Physics, Di Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
To fully characterize precipitation, one often needs not only the accumulative amount (A), but also its frequency (F), intensity (I) and duration (D). These characteristics have large impacts on Earth’s hydrologic cycle. Aiming for a comprehensive understanding, this dissertation investigates precipitation characteristics and their dependence on data resolution and model physics using observational datasets and comprehensive global climate models (GCMs).
Variability Of African Easterly Waves, Yuan-Ming Cheng
Variability Of African Easterly Waves, Yuan-Ming Cheng
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
African Easterly Waves (AEWs) are the most important rain modulators in the sub-Saharan Africa and precursors for tropical cyclone genesis in the Atlantic. While most previous studies have focused on the mean structure and dynamics of AEWs, evidence has shown that AEWs can vary substantially in terms of their structure and characteristics. Therefore, the overarching goal of this dissertation is to document the variability of AEWs and understand its causes. The goal is accomplished through two different but complementary approaches: (1) statistical analysis and (2) vorticity tracking.
Design And Implementation Of The New York State Mesonet Flux Tower Network, Jason Michael Covert
Design And Implementation Of The New York State Mesonet Flux Tower Network, Jason Michael Covert
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The New York State Mesonet (NYSM) was established in 2014 to provide high-quality real-time meteorological data for weather monitoring and forecasting, emergency management, and research aimed at improving numerical weather prediction. The mainstay of the network consists of 126 surface weather stations located throughout New York State with an average spacing of 30 km. In 2017, 17 of the sites (“flux” sites) were equipped with additional (permanent) instrumentation to measure short and long-wave radiation components, soil heat flux, and turbulent fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat, and carbon dioxide (CO2). The mesoscale resolution of the 17-site NYSM Flux Tower …
On The Frequency, Structure, And Characteristics Of Tropical Cyclone Diurnal Pulses, Sarah Dunn Ditchek
On The Frequency, Structure, And Characteristics Of Tropical Cyclone Diurnal Pulses, Sarah Dunn Ditchek
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Taking 6-h IR brightness temperature differences, Dunion et al. (2014) found that in major hurricanes, an area of cold cloud tops routinely propagated radially outward from the storm core at around 5–10 m/s over the course of each day. They defined this feature as a “diurnal pulse” and created a 24-h conceptual clock that identified at which radius the coldest cloud tops would be located based on local time (LT). Due to the inherent predictability of these pulses, this dissertation was undertaken to gain a deeper understanding of their frequency, structure, and characteristics.
Exploring Gated Nanoelectronic Devices Fabricated From 1d And 2d Materials, Prathamesh A. Dhakras
Exploring Gated Nanoelectronic Devices Fabricated From 1d And 2d Materials, Prathamesh A. Dhakras
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
One and two dimensional materials are being extensively researched toward potential application as ultra-thin body channel materials. The difficulty of implementing physical doping methods in these materials has necessitated various alternative doping schemes, the most promising of which is the electrostatic gating technique due to its reconfigurability. This dissertation explores the different fundamental devices that can be fabricated and characterized by taking advantage of the electrostatic gating of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), dense SWNT networks and exfoliated 2D tungsten diselenide (WSe2) flakes.
Saliva As A Diagnostic Biological Fluid And The Human Salivary Proteome, Jessica Ghassan Emsies
Saliva As A Diagnostic Biological Fluid And The Human Salivary Proteome, Jessica Ghassan Emsies
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Saliva is a unique biologic fluid that contains a varying spectrum of proteins, nucleic acids, electrolytes, and hormones.31 It is an exocrine secretion of the salivary glands which is hypotonic in nature with a pH of 7.2-7.4.31 Saliva plays an important role in the oral cavity.33 It lubricates, hydrates, and bathes the oral cavity, therefore, aiding speech and mastication.33 Saliva forms a barrier on the teeth, protects against demineralization, and aids in remineralization.33 Saliva is required for chewing and food bolus preparation, it contains enzymes necessary for digestion, and mediates the sense of taste.33 It also helps wound healing and …
The Effect Of Maternal Dietary Habits During Pregnancy On Neonate Leptin Methylation Patterns And Gestational Age, Sean Fitzpatrick
The Effect Of Maternal Dietary Habits During Pregnancy On Neonate Leptin Methylation Patterns And Gestational Age, Sean Fitzpatrick
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The health of a newborn baby is inextricably linked to the health status of its mother and in turn the mother’s diet during pregnancy. Leptin (LEP) is an adipokine hormone involved in metabolism regulation and has been linked fetal development through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). Prior work suggests that gestational epigenetic alterations the LEP gene may be sensitive to adverse exposures during pregnancy, which in turn could explain variation in neonate outcomes. However, no prior work has examined this possibility explicitly. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns of mothers during pregnancy and their …
Development Of Laser Ablation Direct Analysis In Real Time Imaging-Mass Spectrometry (Ladi-Ms)-Applications To Questions Of Relevance To Forensic Science And Plant Biochemistry, Kristen Leigh Fowble
Development Of Laser Ablation Direct Analysis In Real Time Imaging-Mass Spectrometry (Ladi-Ms)-Applications To Questions Of Relevance To Forensic Science And Plant Biochemistry, Kristen Leigh Fowble
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Methods for the accomplishment of small molecule imaging by mass spectrometry are challenged by the need for sample pre-treatment steps such as cryo-sectioning, dehydration, chemical fixation, or application of a matrix or solvent, that must be performed to obtain interpretable spatial distribution data. Furthermore, these steps along with requirements of the mass analyzer such as high vacuum, can severely limit the range of sample types that can be analyzed by this powerful method. Here, we report the development of a laser ablation-direct analysis in real time imaging-mass spectrometry (LADI-MS) approach which couples a 213 nm Nd:YAG solid state UV laser …
Extratropical Precursors To The Onset Of Madden-Julian Oscillation Deep Convection Over The Western Indian Ocean, Jennifer Anne Gahtan
Extratropical Precursors To The Onset Of Madden-Julian Oscillation Deep Convection Over The Western Indian Ocean, Jennifer Anne Gahtan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) deep convection often initially forms over the western Indian Ocean and is frequently preceded by upper tropospheric circulation precursors. These precursors include subtropical cyclonic Rossby gyres near eastern Africa and Southwest Asia, coherent extratropically circumnavigating Rossby wave trains extending back across the Atlantic, and tropically circumnavigating easterlies. Easterly acceleration associated with the circulation precursors may help to reduce large-scale subsidence over the tropical Indian Ocean prior to convective onset; when intraseasonal easterly acceleration reaches the western extent of a region of intraseasonal upper level westerlies, it produces upper-tropospheric divergence, providing a forcing for upward motion.
Study Of Small Molecules With Dna Monolayers On Gold Electrodes Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance On The Millisecond Timescale, Sarasi Kaushalya Kumari Galagedera
Study Of Small Molecules With Dna Monolayers On Gold Electrodes Using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance On The Millisecond Timescale, Sarasi Kaushalya Kumari Galagedera
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Biosensors based on DNA self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) combined with electrochemical transducers have shown great potential to serve an important role in simple, accurate and inexpensive genetic analyses relevant to many fields. The most popularly adapted method in designing biosensing platforms is the self-assembly of 5’-alkylthiol-modified single stranded or double stranded DNA on gold surfaces followed by a passivation step using a diluent like mercaptohexanol (MCH). Since analytical performance (sensitivity, selectivity and stability) of such sensors is solely related to the probe surface architecture, methods to characterize and measure the surface density has gained a lot of interest among the scientific …
Geometric And Dynamical Properties Of The Infinite Dihedral Group, Bryan Goldberg
Geometric And Dynamical Properties Of The Infinite Dihedral Group, Bryan Goldberg
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
For a tuple $A= (A_1, A_2, \ldots , A_n)$ of elements in a unital Banach algebra $\mathcal{B}$ its \textit{projective (joint) spectrum} $P(A)$ is the collection of $z~\in~\mathbb{C}^n$ such that $A(z)~=~z_1 A_1 + z_2 A_2 + \ldots + z_n A_n$ is not invertible. We call the complement of $P(A)$ the projective resolvent set, $P^c(A) = \C^n \setminus P(A)$. In this dissertation the primary focus will be on the infinite dihedral group $D_\infty = \langle a,t\mid a^2=t^2 =1 \rangle$ and the left regular representation $\lambda$ acting on $l^2(D_\infty)$ giving the tuple $ \big(I, \lb(a),\lb(t)\big)$. First, using the fundamental form $\Omega_A~=~- \omega _A …
Coarse Geometric Coherence, Jonathan Lee Grossman
Coarse Geometric Coherence, Jonathan Lee Grossman
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation establishes three coarse geometric analogues of algebraic coherence: geometric coherence, coarse coherence, and relative coarse coherence. Each of these coarse geometric coherence notions is a coarse geometric invariant. Several permanence properties of these coarse invariants are demonstrated, elementary examples are computed, and the relationships that these properties have with one another and with other previously established coarse geometric invariants are investigated. Significant results include that the straight finite decomposition complexity of A. Dranishnikov and M. Zarichnyi implies coarse coherence, and that M. Gromov’s finite asymptotic dimension implies coherence, coarse coherence, and relative coarse coherence. Further, as a consequence …