Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 31 No.4 December 1999

The Prairie Naturalist

THE FISHES OF THE UPPER MOREAU RIVER ▪ T. M. Loomis, C. R. Berry, Jr., and J. Erickson

DO INTERNAL FIRE LANES AFFECT NEST DEPREDATION RATES IN PRAIRIES? ▪ K. A. Warren and M. R. Ryan

SPECIES COMPOSITION AND TROPHIC STRUCTURE OF INSECT COMMUNITIES IN TEXAS PRAIRIES. ▪ G. N. Cameron and E. H. Bryant

FIDELITY OF MALLARDS TO ARTIFICIAL NESTING STRl!CTURES ▪ T. Yerkes

OBSERVATIONS ON REPRODUCTION IN THREE SPECIES OF BATS ▪ D. W. Sparks, J. R. Choate, and R. J. Winn

EARLIEST SEASONAL RECORD OF REPRODUCTION IN THE HOARY BAT ON THE NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS ▪ T. …

Search For The Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Decays B+→ Μ+Μ-K+ And B0→ Μ+Μ-K*0, T. Affolder, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays B⁺→ μ⁺μ^-K⁺ and i>B⁰→ μ⁺μ^-K^*0 using 88 pb^-1 of data from p̅p collisions at √s =1.8 TeV, collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Finding no evidence for these decays, we set upper limits on the branching fractions Ɓ(B⁺→ μ⁺μ^-K⁺) < 5.2 X 10^-6 and Ɓ(B⁺→ μ⁺μ^-K^*0) -6 at the 90% confidence level.

Search For A Technicolor ΩT Particle In Events With A Photon And A B-Quark Jet At Fermilab, F. Abe, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

If the technicolor ω_T particle exists, a likely decay mode is ω_T→ γπ_T , followed by π_T → bb̅, yielding the signature γbb̅. We have searched 85 pb^-1 of data collected by the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron for events with a photon and two jets, where one of the jets must contain a secondary vertex implying the presence of a b quark. We find no excess of events above standard model expectations. We express the result as an exclusion region in the M_ωT -M_{πT …}

Method Of Storing Active Zero Valent Zinc Metal, Reuben D. Rieke

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

A novel Zerovalent Zinc species and an organozinc reagent are disclosed. The Zerovalent Zinc species is directly pro duced by reaction of a reducing agent on a Zinc Salt, preferably Zn(CN). The organozinc regent results from the reaction of the Zerovalent Zinc species and an organic compound having one or more stable anionic leaving groups. These organozinc reagents include a wide spectrum of functional groups in the organic radical, and are useful in a variety of reactions Schemes.

Metadata In A Digital Special Library: The Energy And Environmental Information Resources Center In Lafayette, Louisiana, Dan Foley

E-JASL 1999-2009 (Volumes 1-10)

This paper discusses three kinds of metadata and how they are used in the Energy & Environmental Information Resources Center (EE-IR Center), a digital special library of text, numeric, and geospatial data, located in Lafayette, Louisiana. These metadata are Dublin Core (DC), MARC21 (formerly USMARC), and Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata.

The EE-IR Center was formed as a partnership between the National Wetlands Research Center (NWRC) of the U.S. Geological Survey and the Center for Advanced Computer Studies of the University of Southwestern Louisiana (CACS/USL). Both partners are located in Lafayette, Louisiana. The EE-IR Center is funded by a …

Water Current, Volume 31, No. 5, October 1999

Water Current Newsletter

Fall NWCC Meeting Well Attended
From the Director
Wyoming Development Fund Highlighted on Four States Irrigation Summer Tour
Center Pivot Inventory Map
Husker Harvest Days Winners
Status of Cooperative Agreement After Two Years
The Definitions of Science
Water News Briefs
New EPA Bioremediation Site
GovSpot Offers Best in Government and Civic Web Info
Source Water Assessment and Protection Workshop Guide Available Free from the Groundwater Foundation
Hazard Web Sites
"Watershed 2000" Call for Papers
Water Resources Lecture Series Addresses Interstate Water Commitments

Gray Whales (Eschrichtius Robustus) Off Sakhalin Island, Russia: Seasonal And Annual Patterns Of Occurrence, David Weller, Bernd Wursig, Amanda Bradford, Alexander Burdin, Sergey Blokhin, Hiroya Minakuchi, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

The annual return, seasonal occurrence, and site fidelity of Korean-Okhotsk or western gray whales on their feeding grounds off northeastern Sakhalin Island, Russia, were assessed by boat-based photo-identification studies in 1994-1998. A total of 262 pods were observed, ranging in size from 1 to 9 whales with an overall mean of 2.0'. Sixty-nine whales were individually identified, and a majority of all whales (71.0%) were observed in multiple years. Annual sighting frequencies ranged from 1 to 18 d, with a mean of 5.4 d. The percentage of whales re-identified from previous years showed a continuous annual increase, reaching 87.0% by …

The Probe, Issue 205 – October 1999

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Legislative News: Senate Kills Anti-Trapping Measure
Washington Stalls Anti-Trap Bills
Raccoon Roundworm Brochure Available
NWRC Biologist George Matschke Retires
Problem Mexican Gray Wolves Being Relocated
Chipmunk Found Rabid
Rock Star Scares Birds --"What the birds really hate is Tina Turner."
Rat Travels Business Class
What's Killing Colorado Deer?

Abstracts from the 2nd International Wildlife Management Congress, Hungary

History and Present Status of the European Beaver (Castor fiber) in Poland, with Implications for Beaver Management Programs -- A. Czech, Institute of Environmental Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
Assessment of Elephant Damage and Mitigation Options in Amboseli Basin, Kenya -- E.E. Esikuri* …

Measurement Of B0-B̅0 Flavor Oscillations Using Jet-Charge And Lepton Flavor Tagging In Pp̅ Collisions At √S =1.8 Tev, F. Abe, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present a measurement of the mass difference Δm_d for the B⁰ meson and the statistical power of the b flavor tagging methods used. The measurement uses 90 pb^-1 of data from pp̅ collisions at √s =1.8 TeV collected with the CDF detector. An inclusive lepton trigger is used to collect a large sample of B hadron semileptonic decays. The mass difference Δm_d is determined from the proper time dependence of the fraction of B hadrons that undergo flavor oscillations. The flavor at decay is inferred from the charge of the lepton from semileptonic …

A Simplified Gaas Polarized Electron Source, H. M. Al-Khateeb, B. G. Birdsey, T. C. Bowen, A. S. Green, M. E. Johnston, Timothy J. Gay

Timothy J. Gay Publications

We report operational and construction details of a simplified GaAs polarized electron source. It is contained in a modified 4.63 in. Conflat four-way cross, and uses a single 56 ℓ /s turbomolecular pump. The design incorporates multiple cesiators to extend source lifetime, a new spring-clamp GaAs crystal mounting design to provide uniform crystal heating, and a very simple tubular 90° electrostatic deflector. We also discuss matters related to preparing, heat cleaning, and activating the GaAs crystal.

Scwds Briefs: Volume 15, Number 3 (October 1999)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
October 1999
West Nile Virus
Viral Meningitis.
Arthropod-borne virus
EHDV-1 in the Eastern U.S.
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and bluetongue virus (BTV) serogroups.
Insight From Recent EHDV Isolations
EHDV-1 will grow in either CPAE or BHK21 cells.
CWD in Penned Elk in CO and MT
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids
Scrapie
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy of cattle
Creutzfeld-Jakob disease
Typhus and Flying Squirrels
Southern flying squirrels (Glaucomys volans)
Louse-borne typhus fever
Rickettsia prowazekii
Wildlife Seed Treatment
National Wild Turkey Federation (NWTF)
(1) Corn: Maxim® (fludioxonil) and Apron® (metalaxyl); (2) Wheat: Dividend XL® (difenoconazole and mefenoxam); (3) Sorghum: …

Multiphoton Ionization Of V, Cr, Y, La, And Ir Through 0.5-Ps Ultraviolet Laser Pulses, B. Witzel, N. A. Poppadogiannis, Cornelis J. Uiterwaal, H. Schröder, D. Charalambidis

C.J.G.J. Uiterwaal Publications

The two-photon ionization of the metal atoms V, Cr, Y, La, and Ir sputtered by an Ar-ion gun from solid targets has been investigated using linearly polarized laser pulses of 500- fs duration and 248.6-nm (KrF) wavelength in combination with mass spectroscopy that is free of volume effects. A near-resonant ionization process has to be attributed to all five atoms. By fitting analytical solutions of a rate equation model describing the temporal evolution of the ionization process, we can determine absolute values of the one-photon cross sections and saturation intensities.

High-Order Harmonic Generation In Magnetic And Parallel Magnetic And Electric Fields, Dejan B. Miloševic, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

We demonstrate control of high-harmonic generation (HHG) by a linearly polarized laser field using uniform static magnetic and electric fields parallel to the laser polarization. We show that the harmonic intensity can be considerably increased for particular values of the magnetic field. The maximum values of the harmonic intensity correspond to such values of magnetic induction for which an integer multiple of the classical cyclotron period of the electron’s motion perpendicular to the magnetic field is equal to the return time of the ionized electron wave packet to the nucleus under the influence of the laser field (and static electric …

Sensitivity Of The North Atlantic Basin To Cyclic Climatic Forcing During The Early Cretaceous, Walter E. Dean, Michael A. Arthur

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Striking cyclic interbeds of laminated dark-olive to black marlstone and bioturbated white to light-gray limestone of Neocomian (Early Cretaceous) age have been recovered at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) and Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) sites in the North Atlantic. These Neocomian sequences are equivalent to the Maiolica Formation that outcrops in the Tethyan regions of the Mediterranean and to thick limestone sequences of the Vocontian Trough of France. This lithologic unit marks the widespread deposition of biogenic carbonate over much of the North Atlantic and Tethyan seafloor during a time of overall low sealevel and a deep carbonate compensation depth. …

Earth In Four Dimensions: Development Of The Ideas Of Geologic Time And History, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Changes in ideas and in technology can come about as slow incremental modifications, as well as by major paradigm shifts. In the case of the development of the ideas of geologic history and time, I will try to present these changes broadly and then look at how some of these have affected interpretation of Nebraska geology. Changes of view on three fronts were important in the development of geologic history and time concepts. First is the question of the nature of time. Is time cyclic or is it linear? The Greco-Oriental cultures had a world view based on cosmic cycles, …

Earth In Four Dimensions: Development Of The Ideas Of Geologic Time And History, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Changes in ideas and in technology can come about as slow incremental modifications, as well as by major paradigm shifts. In the case of the development of the ideas of geologic history and time, I will try to present these changes broadly and then look at how some of these have affected interpretation of Nebraska geology. Changes of view on three fronts were important in the development of geologic history and time concepts.

First is the question of the nature of time. Is time cyclic or is it linear? The Greco-Oriental cultures had a world view based on cosmic cycles, …

Impact Of Transmission Impairments On The Teletraffic Performance Of Wavelength-Routed Optical Networks, Byrav Ramamurthy, Debasish Datta, Helena Feng, Jonathan P. Heritage, Biswanath Mukherjee

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

In a wavelength-routed optical network, a transmitted signal remains in the optical domain over the entire route (lightpath) assigned to it between its source and destination nodes. The optical signal may have to traverse a number of crossconnect switches (XCS’s), fiber segments, and optical amplifiers, e.g., erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA’s). Thus, while propagating through the network, the signal may degrade in quality as it encounters crosstalk at the XCS’s and also picks up amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise at the EDFA’s. Since these impairments continue to degrade the signal quality as it progresses toward its destination, the received bit error …

Diagenesis Of Lower Cretaceous Pelagic Carbonates, North Atlantic: Paleoceanographic Signals Obscured, Tracy D. Frank, Michael A. Arthur, Walter E. Dean

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The stable isotope and minor element geochemistry of Neocomian (Lower Cretaceous) pelagic carbonates of the North Atlantic Basin (Deep Sea Drilling Project Sites 105, 367, 387, 391, and 603) was examined to develop a diagenetic model for pelagic limestones. In particular, we hoped to test the fidelity of whole-rock geochemical records as paleoceanographic indicators for pelagic deposits of pre-Aptian age, in which individual microfossils are not available for analysis. Data indicate that in addition to depth of burial, rhythmic variations in primary carbonate content have strongly controlled diagenetic patterns and associated geochemical signatures in these Neocomian sequences. Samples become increasingly …

Search For R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry Using Like-Sign Dielectrons In Pp̅ Collisions At √S = 1.8 Tev, F. Abe, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present a search for like-sign dielectron plus multijet events using 107 pb^-1 of data in pp̅ collisions at √s =1.8 TeV collected in 1992–1995 by the CDF experiment. Finding no events that pass our selection, we set σ X BR limits on two supersymmetric processes that can produce this experimental signature: gluino-gluino or squark-antisquark production with R-parity violating decays of the charm squark or lightest neutralino via a nonzero λ′₁₂₁ coupling. We compare our results to the next-to-leading order calculations for gluino and squark production cross sections and set lower limits on M (g̃), M (t̃ …

Scaling Effect On Statistical Behavior Of Switching Parameters Of Ferroelectric Capacitors, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Scanning force microscopy (SFM) has been used to study nanoscale variations in switching parameters in layered perovskite films of SrBi₂Ta₂O₉ and to investigate the effect of capacitor scaling on the standard deviation of the capacitors’ integral polarization signal. Ferroelectric poling and SFM piezoresponse imaging were performed in a number of regions on the film surface sized 2x2, 1x1, 0.5x0.5, and 0.3x0.3 μm² with subsequent statistical analysis of the obtained data. It has been found that variations of the polarization signal can be approximated by the normal distribution function. The standard deviation increases with the …

Codes Over Rings From Curves Of Higher Genus, José Felipe Voloch, Judy L. Walker

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

We construct certain error-correcting codes over finite rings and estimate their parameters. These codes are constructed using plane curves and the estimates for their parameters rely on constructing “lifts” of these curves and then estimating the size of certain exponential sums.

THE purpose of this paper is to construct certain error-correcting codes over finite rings and estimate their parameters. For this purpose, we need to develop some tools; notably, an estimate for the dimension of trace codes over rings (generalizing work of van der Vlugt over fields and some results on lifts of affin curves from field of characteristic p …

Correlation Of Co(Llo)/Cr(002) Texture And Magnetic Properties In Cocrtapt Granular Films, Z.S. Shan, C.P. Luo, M. Azarisooreh, K. Honardoost, M. Russak, Yi Liu, J. Ping Liu, David J. Sellmyer

David Sellmyer Publications

Studies of the effects of substrate temperature T, on the evolution of CO( 1 10)/Cr(002) texture, magnetic and physical grain size, intergrain-interaction, anisotropy, orientation ratio of remanence and coercivity were investigated experimentally. It is found that the hcp- Co(l10)hcc-Cr(002) texture is improved with increasing T, from 27OC to 265°C. The intergrain-interaction, magnetic and physical grain size decrease with increasing Ts and reach their minima at T,- 265°C where the magnetic grain size is close to the physical grain size. The correlation between the film microstructure and magnetic properties is studied systematically.

High Energy Products In Exchange-Coupled Nanocomposite Films, J. Ping Liu, Yi Liu, Ralph Skomski, David J. Sellmyer

David Sellmyer Publications

Several systems of nanocomposite thin films have been prepared by plasma sputtering and heat treatment. By choosing suitable multilayer structures of the as-deposited films and subsequent heat-treatment processes, the nanostrnctures of the films have been tailored. The thermal processing is the key to control the morphology. Appropriate heat-treatment processes have been found for the systems studied, which result in the desired nanostructures. For the first time a nearly ideal nanostructure with the soft-phase grains embedded homogeneously in the hard phase gralns has been obtained for the FePt-Fei.,Pt,(x-0.3) system. Effective intergrain exchange coupling has been realized. As a consequence, high energy …

Measurement Of The BD0B̅D0 Oscillation Frequency Using Dimuon Data In Pp̅ Collisions At √S =1.8tev, F. Abe, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present a measurement of the mass difference Δm_d of the two B_d⁰ mass eigenstates. We use a flavor tagging method based on the lepton charge, in a sample of events with two muons at low transverse momentum. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 90 pb^-1 collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The result obtained is Dm_d=0.503±0.064(stat) ±0.071(syst) ps^-1.

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, September/October 1999

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems -- Newsletters 1993-2000

Contents:

New Energy in Farming Communities

University Role in Biotechnology: How Do We Assess The Risks And Benefits?

CSAS Director Receives Honorary Degree

Sooby Now at OFRF

NCR SARE Revised Web Site

New Food Ethics Journal in 2000

DOE Announces New Wind Energy Initiative

Conference Celebrates Sustainable Ag Coming of Age in 2000

Quasicoherent Nucleation Mode In Two-Phase Nanomagnets, Ralph Skomski, J. Ping Liu, David J. Sellmyer

David Sellmyer Publications

Magnetization processes in advanced magnetic nanostructures are investigated. For the case of spherical soft or semihard grains surrounded by a very hard matrix a bulging nucleation mode is discovered. The bulging mode exhibits the radial angular symmetry of the coherent mode, but it is incoherent due to its radial variation. The radial dependence of the bulging mode is obtained by solving a spherical Bessel equation which is subject to appropriate boundary conditions. In contrast to the coherent mode, the bulging mode yields a nucleationfield coercivity which depends on the exchange stiffness and on the size of the grain. There is …

The Probe, Issue 204 - September 1999

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

USFWS to Explore Canada Goose Management Strategies -- from a press release issued Aug. 3 by the US. Fish & Wildlife Service, written by Chris Tollefson.
Anti-Trapping Measure Passes House
Oregon Legislature Moves To Ensure Safety Of Its Citizens Against Cougars
Acord Promoted Away From Wildlife Services
New State Director US DA/APHIS in Mississippi is Kristina Godwin
BOOk R e v i e w : "Living With Wildlife: How to Enjoy, Cope With, and Protect North America's Wild Creatures Around Your Home and Theirs," The California Center for Wildlife, with Diana Landau and Shelley Stump. San Francisco: A Sierra Club …

Comparison Of Magnetic Images Using Point And Thin-Film Magnetic Force Microscopy Tips, Sy_Hwang Liou

Sy-Hwang Liou Publications

The magnetic images of a magnetic reference sample were compared using point and thin-film magnetic force microscopy (MFM) tips. The thin film MFM tip was made by magnetron sputtering of an amorphous metal. The point MFM tip was made by an ion milling process that produces a small magnetic particle on the cantilever. Our results clearly demonstrated that the volume of magnetic material involved in the tip-sample interaction is much reduced in the case of the point tip compared to that of the thin film tips. By comparing the magnetic images of a tri-bit pattern on a magnetic reference sample, …

Switching Properties Of Self-Assembled Ferroelectric Memory Cells, M. Alexe, Alexei Gruverman, C. Harnagea, N. D. Zakharov, A. Pignolet, D. Hesse, J. F. Scott

Alexei Gruverman Publications

In this letter, we report on the switching properties of an ordered system of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ ferroelectric memory cells of an average lateral size of 0.18 μm formed via a self-assembling process. The ferroelectricity of these cells has been measured microscopically and it has been demonstrated that an individual cell of 0.18 μm size is switching. Switching of single nanoelectrode cells was achieved via scanning force microscopy working in piezoresponse mode.

A Patching Model For Surface Tension And The Tolman Length, T.V. Bykov, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

In the framework of density functional theory (DFT), a patching model for the density profile of the liquid–vapor interface is developed. The patching is based on analytical expressions of the asymptote of the density profiles. Derived from the model the surface tension of planar liquid–vapor interface as well as the Tolman length can be computed from analytic expressions. Two prototype systems are considered; the Yukawa and the Lennard-Jones. As a result, the temperature dependence of the surface tension as well as the Tolman length are obtained. The results are compared with numerical DFT calculations.