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Articles 31 - 45 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Wildlife Disease Concerns In Animal Damage Control, Sarah Shapiro Hurley
Wildlife Disease Concerns In Animal Damage Control, Sarah Shapiro Hurley
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
There are many facets to the topic of wildlife disease concerns in animal damage control, but the area that I have chosen to discuss is that of zoonotic disease - diseases which are transmissible in nature between humans and other animals. The list of zoonoses is extensive and in the time available only a few can be reviewed.
Gopher: A Computerized Cost/Benefit Analysis, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Ronald M. Case
Gopher: A Computerized Cost/Benefit Analysis, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Ronald M. Case
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
GOPHER is a computer program that can assist landowners, extension agents, and resource personnel in determining the cost-effectiveness of various methods of pocket gopher control. The program is interactive and user-friendly. It allows for the input of variables, including: crop type, acreage, expected yield and value, and acreage infested. Material and labor costs can be assigned or standard default values can be used. Other "fixed" variables can be changed, including: pocket gopher density and rate of increase, rate of treatment, rate of retreatment, and forage recovery rate. With these variables and values, GOPHER generates the costs, time, and economic feasibility …
Florida's Nuisance Alligator Control Program, Michael L. Jennings, Allan R. Woodward, Dennis N. David
Florida's Nuisance Alligator Control Program, Michael L. Jennings, Allan R. Woodward, Dennis N. David
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
The recovery of alligators from centuries of exploitation, coupled with a burgeoning human population in Florida has resulted in an increasing number of problem animals and alligator attacks. In response to this problem, the Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission implemented a nuisance alligator control program in 1978. A mean of 2513 nuisance alligators per year was harvested during the period 1978 to 1988. The number of alligator complaints, nuisance alligators harvested, and alligator attacks increased significantly over the period (P=0.0003, P=0.0001, and P=0.04). The value of alligator meat remained stable at about $5.00/pound over the same period, while …
Factors Affecting Deer Use Of Hybrid Corn In Winter, David K. Ingebrigtsen, Jay B. Mcaninch
Factors Affecting Deer Use Of Hybrid Corn In Winter, David K. Ingebrigtsen, Jay B. Mcaninch
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
We compared white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of 15 field corn (Zea mays) hybrids grown in food plots near 3 deer wintering areas in southwestern Minnesota, 1987-88. Physical and morphological characteristics of corn varied significantly among sites, subplots and among hybrids. Deer use of hybrids was significantly different and 5 use groups of hybrids were identified. A significant linear relationship was found between use and ear height. Hybrids with higher ears and less husk coverage were preferred by deer. These findings suggest that deer preferences for corn hybrids are affected more by deer pressure, ear height …
Population Dynamics And Harvest Response Of Beaver, Neil F. Payne
Population Dynamics And Harvest Response Of Beaver, Neil F. Payne
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
"For when we speak of the fur trade, we mean the beaver trade. Other furs were handled; others — notably the rich sea otter — were more valuable by far. But the beaver was the root and core of the trade ... Many men died, a continent was explored, an indigenous [human] race degraded and its culture crushed; all because beaver fur, with its tiny barbs, felted up better than any other" (Berry 1961:18). The habits of beaver (Castor canadensis) allow them to be located and trapped readily, resulting in their extirpation from many areas. Beaver populations have …
Wolf Depredation On Livestock In Minnesota Annual Update Of Statistics - 1988, William J. Paul
Wolf Depredation On Livestock In Minnesota Annual Update Of Statistics - 1988, William J. Paul
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
Depredation by wolves (Canis lupus) on livestock and poultry in Minnesota is a problem for some producers. A small percentage of the farms in the wolf range are affected annually and a few of these farms suffer substantial monetary loss in a given year. From 1976 through 1988, the number of farms suffering verified wolf depredations ranged from 9 to 38 (x = 23) per year out of about 7,200. From 1977 through 1988 the highest cattle losses claimed by farmers were 0.45 per 1,000 available in 1979; the highest sheep losses claimed were 2.66 per 1,000 available …
Ecologically Sensitive Management Options For Bats, Paul B. Robertson
Ecologically Sensitive Management Options For Bats, Paul B. Robertson
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
Over the past decade, there has been a dramatic, positive shift in the public image of bats in the United States (Tuttle 1988a). This shift is particularly impressive in light of the inappropriate and poor public image that bats have suffered in most western nations in the last century. Over the past decade, a sizeable segment of the U.S. public, as well as local, state and national officials, have been educated to the ecological and economic value of bats which results from their insectivory and plant pollination activities (Olkowski and Olkowski 1989, Tuttle 1988b). The fact that they pose a …
Animal Damage Control And The Wildlife Profession, Gary J. San Julian
Animal Damage Control And The Wildlife Profession, Gary J. San Julian
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
Conflicts between man and wildlife have always been a part of our history. We have tried to control the damage caused by wildlife and found that this was not always in the best interest of the resource. The role of animal damage control in our profession has changed and so has the public's view of it. As professionals we must strive to explain the need and value of wildlife damage management to our peers, the public and our detractors. This can be accomplished by participation in our professional organizations, the presentation of papers at scientific meetings, and open discussion of …
An Automatic Trigger For Bird Frightening Devices, Steve Price, John Adams
An Automatic Trigger For Bird Frightening Devices, Steve Price, John Adams
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
This triggering unit for animal frightening devices was developed because of an expressed need for a more effective method of breaking up starling and grackle roosts. The USDA, Animal Damage Control (ADC) office in Louisville, KY suggested that a device which detected the presence of the birds before activating and then emitted different sounds would be much more effective than single functioning devices on timers. Existing frightening devices have limited effectiveness because the birds become accustom to the repeated and periodic actuations of the same thing over and over again. In November of 1986, Mr. Bernice Constantin, District Supervisor for …
Extent And Nature Of Deer Damage To Commercial Nurseries In New York, Roger W. Sayre, Daniel J. Decker
Extent And Nature Of Deer Damage To Commercial Nurseries In New York, Roger W. Sayre, Daniel J. Decker
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
We surveyed nursery producers in New York to determine the extent, nature and economic impact of deer damage to their operations, and to assess their attitudes towards deer. Seventy-three percent of the producers experienced deer damage to their crops in 1988. Average costs for replacement were nearly $6,000 per grower for those reporting damage estimates (and over $8,000 if 1 extreme value was included). Statewide damage estimates ranged from $500,000 to $1.2 million (depending on assumptions). Forty-six percent used damage control, which cost an average of about $2,000 per grower. More than 80% of the producers were classified as "non-accepting" …
Fertility Control As A Tool For Regulation Of Wildlife Populations, U.S. Seal
Fertility Control As A Tool For Regulation Of Wildlife Populations, U.S. Seal
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
Biological control of reproduction and fertility is a normal part of the life history of all organisms. Control mechanisms allow timing of reproduction with respect to age, time of day, season, and other periodic environmental events. Further modulation can occur with variations in temperature, rainfall, nutrition, and health status. Interactions with other members of the species, ranging from pherohormonal stimulation of estrus to social delay of puberty and breeding to infanticide, provide further constraints upon fertility and recruitment. All of these processes ultimately act through molecular neuroendocrine mechanisms that are under genetic control and are subject to natural selection and …
Demonstration Electric Fences To Control Black Bear Damage To Apiaries In New York State, Janet L. Sillings, Thomas N. Tomas Jr., James E. Forbes
Demonstration Electric Fences To Control Black Bear Damage To Apiaries In New York State, Janet L. Sillings, Thomas N. Tomas Jr., James E. Forbes
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
The New York State black bear (Ursus americanus) population/ approximately 4,000 animals (Clarke 1977)/ causes damage to apiaries in the Catskill/ Adirondack/ and Southern Tier regions of the state. During 1987/ 1988/ and 1989, USDA Animal Damage Control (ADC) administered a program in New York to control bear damage to apiaries. Control activities were carried out pursuant to a Cooperative Agreement between ADC and the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets/ and were supported by matching Federal- State contributions. Program objectives were beekeeper education aimed at preventing bear damage and for the construction of demonstration temporary electric fences. …
Black Bear Damage In Virginia, Michael R. Vaughan, Patrick F. Scanlon, Sue Evelyn P. Mersmann, Dennis D. Martin
Black Bear Damage In Virginia, Michael R. Vaughan, Patrick F. Scanlon, Sue Evelyn P. Mersmann, Dennis D. Martin
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
We examined records of black bear damage in Virginia on Shenandoah National Park, (SNP) (1979-1988) and non-Park lands (1973-1988). Mean annual damage was $5,470 on non-Park lands and $1,217 on the Park. Corn and beehives accounted for 79 percent and personal property for 72 percent of the economic loss on non-Park and Park lands respectively. Young males were responsible for most damage on non-Park lands while adults of both sexes caused most damage on SNP. Over 70 percent of bear damage incidents in the state occurred either on the Park or on land immediately adjacent to the Park. Moving bears …
Use Of Donkeys To Guard Sheep And Goats In Texas, Murray T. Walton, C. Andy Feild
Use Of Donkeys To Guard Sheep And Goats In Texas, Murray T. Walton, C. Andy Feild
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
Though livestock guarding dogs have received considerable attention in recent years, other animals including donkeys (Equus asinus) are being used to protect sheep and goats from predation by coyotes (Canis latrans). In Texas many ranchers prefer donkeys due to low cost, relatively small maintenance requirements, and compatibility with other predator control methods. This paper describes husbandry practices for use of guard donkeys and relates rancher accounts of their effectiveness in protecting sheep and goats.
Elk And Crop Damage In Pennsylvania, Gary W. Witmer, Rawland Cogan
Elk And Crop Damage In Pennsylvania, Gary W. Witmer, Rawland Cogan
Fourth Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference (1989)
The native eastern subspecies of elk (Cervus elaphus canadensis) was once widespread in Pennsylvania, but was extirpated from the state by 1880 (Bryant and Maser, 1982). About 177 Rocky Mountain elk (C.e. nelsoni) were re-introduced to the state between 1913 and 1926 (Sassaman, 1985). The herd increased as did crop damage complaints. Hunting seasons began in 1923 and continued until 1931. No further hunting was allowed because the herd had declined steadily. A small herd persisted in North-central Pennsylvania, in Elk and Cameron Counties. Elk sightings were rare by 1948, despite 17 years of closed hunting …