Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Study And Identification Of Environmental Nanoparticles In Governors State University (Gsu's) Agricultural Fields, Ekta Desai

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Main purpose of this project is to study nanoparticles in Governors State University’s agricultural field and design experimental protocol for the same. Nanoparticles have one dimension that measures between 1 - 100 nanometers or less. Nanoparticles are widely used in day to day life such as in medicines, textiles, manufacturing and cosmetics. Due to their wide use, they can enter environment through many ways such as accidental spills during handling. Waste water treatment plant disposal serves as a main source of their entrance into the environment. Analysis of nanoparticles in environmental samples presents a number of challenges, including separation and …

Literature Search On Using Dendrimer Nanoparticles As Drug Delivery Vehicles, Sivateja Kasaraneni

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The architectural design of dendrimers, multivalency, well-defined molecular weight and higher degree of branching differentiates them as unique and excellent nanocarriers in therapeutic applications such as drug delivery, gene transfection, tumor therapy, imaging and diagnostics. Nanoparticle drug-delivery systems are well known to increase the stability and selectivity of therapeutic agents. However immunogenicity, reticuloendothelial system uptake, drug leakage, cytotoxicity, hemolytic toxicity, poor aqueous solubility restrict the use of these drug delivery systems. These defects are overcame by surface engineering of the dendrimer molecule.

Drug molecule can be efficiently conjugated or encapsulated into the interior of the dendrimer or physically adsorbed onto …

Nanoencapsulated Copper Pthalocyanine As Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Prathima Arrabelly

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The growing resistance developed by microbes towards antimicrobial agents has driven our focus on developing alternative treatment modalities such as Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT). It would be difficult for the microbes to develop resistance towards singlet oxygen generated during the PACT process. Photosensitizers are the vehicles of the transfer and translation of light energy into a type II chemical reaction (singlet oxygen generation) in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. PACT is proposed as a potential, low cost approach to treatment of locally occurring infection.

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has been studied in cultures treated with photoactivated copper …

Nanoparticlated Drug Delivery System For Vitreous Humor, Kartheek K. Suragoni

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The purpose of this study is to develop a unique nanoparticulated system that has the capability of providing sustained drug delivery into the eyes. In ophthalmic preparations, poor ocular drug delivery of ocular dosage form is due to the production of tears and impermeability through corneal epithelium. The usage of liposomes in ophthalmic disorders shows promising results in ocular drug delivery. Liposomes are bilayered, microscopic vesicles surrounded by the aqueous compartments. Liposomes have the ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. This unique property of liposomes helps in delivering the drug at specific site. This invention involves three major …

Nanoparticles For Mercury Abatement, Sunil Krishna Thanikanti

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Mercury is considered to be a global contaminant. It does not break down in the environment and can build up in living organisms. Mercury can be carried long distances on wind currents, staying in the atmosphere for long periods of time, when in its vapor form. High mercury exposure results in permanent nervous system and kidney damage. Mercury exists in three different chemical forms: elemental, inorganic, and organic. The routes of exposure can be inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Vapor from liquid elemental mercury and methyl mercury are more easily absorbed than inorganic mercury salts and can, therefore, cause more …

Encapsulated Antibiotic Nanoparticles For Cranial Transplantation, Adusumilli Naga Anusha

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The purpose of this research is to develop a unique nanoparticulate system that is capable of delivering antibiotics in a locally applied and extended-release manner for patients receiving cranial replacement implants and bone grafting. This study involves three major components: first, encapsulate both hydrophobic antibiotics (chloramphenicol and rifampicine) and hydrophilic antibiotics (vancomycine and acyclovir) into nanoparticles. Second, incorporate antibiotic nanoparticles in a polymeric coating material (nitrocellulose plus 7.0% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone) with a volatile carrier solvent (ethyl acetate or ethanol). Third, directly apply the resulting product from component 1 and 2 to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cranial implants and hydroxylapatite (HA) bone …

Nanoencapsulated Drug-Carrying System For Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (Pact), Gopala Krishna Murthy Kalapala

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The purpose of this study is to develop nanoparticulate drug-carrying systems that are capable of directly delivering photodynamic antimicrobial agents to treat patients with chronic wounds. Chronic wounds are considered as a pandemic health problem. Approximately 1% to 2% of the population in developing countries has experienced a chronic wound during their lifetime. In the United State States, according to the American Academy of Dermatology, the expense of treating chronic wounds constitutes over half of the total cost for all skin diseases, which exceeds $10 billion annually. For the last decade extensive basic science and clinical research in chronic wounds …

Detection Of Folate Binding Protein, Anwer Unnisa

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death despite the anti cancer developments including hormone therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. Chemotherapy includes use of potent drugs such as camptothecin, paclitaxel and mitomycin. These drugs have an effect which is dose responsive, where the drug exposure and cell kill are proportional. This chemotherapy is high dose and has less selectivity for cancer cells and has more toxic effect to normal cells. Such kind of non specific treatment to tumor is causing hurdles in the treatment of cancer by chemotherapy. To overcome this current limitation to chemotherapy, the anti cancer drug with high specificity …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Nanoparticulated Rifampicin, Lakshmi Sai Priyanka Guttikonda

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Rifampicin is a naturally made, non-peptide antibiotic. It is bactericidal, killing by disabling the protein expression system universally conserved by all bacteria. Specifically, it inhibits the RNA polymerase protein, which is responsible for binding to a strand of DNA as a template and using it to construct a strand of mRNA. The reason rifampicin works so well is that it is a rigid molecule, and sits tightly in the pocket where it binds, allowing the bonds to be very strong. However, this also means if an amino acid with the edge of the channel with a small side chain is …

Synthesis And Characterization Of An Europium-Porphyrin Complex, Alejandro Blinder

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment that has continued to improve over the past thirty years when the first commercially approved photosensitizer (PS) was introduced. Although PDT has many successful applications, the terrifying number of new cancer cases reported each year makes scientists focus their efforts towards the development of new efficient PS for PDT. The biggest obstacle that prohibits PDT from becoming a more widely used therapy is the ineffective photosensitizers (PS) that are available on the market today. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synthesized metal-porphyrin complex as a possible candidate as a PS. …