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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Detecting Impacts Of Historic And Undocumented Landslide Tsunamis At High Latitude Sites Using Ndvi, Trent Adams
Detecting Impacts Of Historic And Undocumented Landslide Tsunamis At High Latitude Sites Using Ndvi, Trent Adams
All Master's Theses
In the last century most of the largest landslide tsunamis on record have occurred in remote regions of the world, which has led to a limited understanding of their impacts on landscapes. The goal of this work is to present a methodology to identify impacts of landslide tsunamis with a technique that does not require field work in extremely remote locations. Although landslide tsunamis have occurred that were not directly witnessed by anyone, evidence of landslide tsunamis can still be observed via satellite. Using multispectral satellite images, we calculated normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to identify tsunami-impacted sites, estimate tsunami …
Toward Near‐Field Tsunami Forecasting Along The Cascadia Subduction Zone Using Rapid Gnss Source Models, Amy L. Williamson, Diego Melgar, Brendan W. Crowell, Diego Argas, Timothy I. Melbourne, Yong Wei, Kevin Kwong
Toward Near‐Field Tsunami Forecasting Along The Cascadia Subduction Zone Using Rapid Gnss Source Models, Amy L. Williamson, Diego Melgar, Brendan W. Crowell, Diego Argas, Timothy I. Melbourne, Yong Wei, Kevin Kwong
Geological Sciences Faculty Scholarship
Over the past 15 years and through multiple large and devastating earthquakes, tsunami warning systems have grown considerably in their efficacy in providing timely and accurate forecasts to affected communities. However, one part of tsunami warning that still needs improvement is forecasts catered to local, near‐field communities in the time after an earthquake rupture but before coastal inundation. In this study, we test a rapid, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)‐driven earthquake characterization model using a large data set of synthetic megathrust ruptures for its near‐field tsunami forecasting potential. We also provide a framework for tsunami forecasting that focuses on the …
Mapping And Modeling The Seattle Fault Tsunami Inundation In Puget Sound, David Bruce
Mapping And Modeling The Seattle Fault Tsunami Inundation In Puget Sound, David Bruce
All Master's Theses
Coastal communities of Puget Sound are susceptible to tsunami inundation from multiple sources. Two sources of potential tsunami hazard that threaten the region are earthquakes on crustal faults in the Puget Lowlands, or earthquakes originating on the Cascadia subduction zone. This study investigated two coastal marshes in Puget Sound, Deer Lagoon and Doe-Kag-Wats, for evidence of a paleotsunami record to combine with tsunami modeling, in order to predict how future events could inundate Puget Sound. A deposit, interpreted as a paleotsunami, is traceable thought the marsh stratigraphy near the modern day tidal inlet of Deer Lagoon, a site that has …
Defining Historical Earthquake Rupture Parameters And Proposed Slip Distributions Through Tsunami Modeling In South-Central Chile, Alexander Dolcimascolo
Defining Historical Earthquake Rupture Parameters And Proposed Slip Distributions Through Tsunami Modeling In South-Central Chile, Alexander Dolcimascolo
All Master's Theses
Reliable tsunami early warning forecasts rely on accurate initial modeling conditions and interpretations of subduction zone behavior in a multi-century perspective. GPS and seismologic data were introduced this past century to study rupture dynamics in detail, however limited information is known about ruptures that pre-date the 20th century. I propose a methodology that uses statistics to better understand these pre-20th century ruptures. This methodology applies the historical and geologic tsunami record as a means to select a suite of tsunami simulations from earthquake source solutions. I chose south-central Chile (46°S to 30°S) to test this new methodology; it …
Catastrophic Landscape Modification From Massive Landslide Tsunamis: An Example From Taan Fiord, Alaska, Colin Bloom
Catastrophic Landscape Modification From Massive Landslide Tsunamis: An Example From Taan Fiord, Alaska, Colin Bloom
All Master's Theses
The October 17th 2015 Taan landslide and tsunami generated a high runup of 192 m, nearly an order of magnitude greater than most previously surveyed tsunamis. Extensive modifications observed and documented on several low gradient fan deltas within the fiord make Taan Fiord an excellent laboratory for characterizing geomorphic signatures of a high runup tsunami event. Although interest in this topic is high, most prior post-tsunami surveys are from earthquake-generated tsunamis with relatively low runup, thus the geomorphic signatures of high runup tsunamis or their potential for preservation are uncharacterized. Additionally, clear modifications described during post-tsunami surveys are typically …
2015 Gsa International Distinguished Lecturer Tours Key Locations In Central And South America, Lisa L. Ely
2015 Gsa International Distinguished Lecturer Tours Key Locations In Central And South America, Lisa L. Ely
Geological Sciences Faculty Scholarship
As the International Lecturer from North America, I visited 11 destinations in Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Puerto Rico. The tour was designed to include locations where the topic of my presentation, “Following in the Footsteps of Darwin:
Combining Geological and Historical Evidence to Assess Earthquakes and Tsunami Hazards,” would have direct relevance.
Field Observations And Modeling Of The 1957 Earthquake And Tsunami On The Islands Of The Four Mountains, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Frances R. Griswold
Field Observations And Modeling Of The 1957 Earthquake And Tsunami On The Islands Of The Four Mountains, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, Frances R. Griswold
All Master's Theses
Due to a lack of research in the Aleutian Islands, a comprehensive history of the Aleutian subduction zone is not developed; however, this study indicates that the Aleutian subduction zone is capable of generating magnitude ~9 earthquakes or larger in addition to trans-Pacific tsunamis. Comparison of simulated runup and observed runup will help to determine the characteristics of rupture in the eastern Aleutians. A recent survey of the tsunami wrackline produced by the 1957 Great Aleutian earthquake (Mw 8.6) indicates runup up to 17.5 m in the Islands of the Four Mountains (presented here). Combined with other nearfield observations …