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Articles 31 - 60 of 100
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Isolation Of Halotolerant Bacteria From The Rhizosphere Of Ceanothus Velutinus May Lead To Contributions In Plant Health In Saline Conditions, Jacob Davis
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
The recent rise in the average global temperature has been a driving force over the past few years for rising soil salinity. This presents an especially hostile environment to many plant species that may not have previously been exposed to these conditions. The rhizosphere, which is a layer of soil attached to the roots of a plant, contains microorganisms that contribute to the plants' abiotic and biotic stress resistance. These microorganisms are known as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). These can play a key role in contributing to plant stress resistance. Some native plants have shown a strong ability to …
Why Dogs Are Feared, Hannah Ericson
Why Dogs Are Feared, Hannah Ericson
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
From German Shepherds to Pit bulls, a specific breed of dog is often singled out as being more dangerous than the others. There are stories and myths behind the behavior of such breeds, as well as simply looking scary. In this presentation, I will discuss why certain traits in dogs promote fear (such as dark coloring) and why certain breeds promote fear - such as a modern day prejudice that is quite similar to racism in the human society.
Cloning Type Iv-B Crispr System Into A Plasmid, Olivia Gornichec, Kailey Welch
Cloning Type Iv-B Crispr System Into A Plasmid, Olivia Gornichec, Kailey Welch
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
Bacterial CRISPR-Cas systems have recently been repurposed as RNA-guided genome editors in research labs across the world. Yet CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems are very diverse and many systems remain uncharacterized. Discovering the structure and function of newly discovered and uncharacterized systems may further advance existing genome editing technologies, or lead to new ones. To better understand the function of the little-researched Type IV-B system we cloned the genes of a Type IV-B system from Mycobacterium J623 into a plasmid containing a target sequence of a Type IV-A and Type V system. The Type IV-B system was placed on the target …
Isolation And Purification Of Bacterial Species From Rhizosphere Of Native Plant Ceanothus Velutinus (Snowbrush), Katherine Webb, Hayden Johns
Isolation And Purification Of Bacterial Species From Rhizosphere Of Native Plant Ceanothus Velutinus (Snowbrush), Katherine Webb, Hayden Johns
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
Due to the ever-changing climate, plants face stressors that limit their growth. Therefore it is vital to find new ways to protect plants from biotic and abiotic stressors such as pathogen infection, drought, heavy metal poisoning, and salinity. With an increasing population, limiting the effects of stress on plant growth and development for agriculture is vital. One approach to this is focusing on beneficial plant-microbe interaction, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). These bacteria are found in the rhizosphere- the soil that is attached to the roots of a plant. Various PGPRs share a symbiotic relationship with plants and help …
The Impact Of Biological Components On A Dog's Personality, Kinsley Batson
The Impact Of Biological Components On A Dog's Personality, Kinsley Batson
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
We interact with dogs every day, and they are often referred to as "man's best friend." But what makes a dog the happy-go-lucky, cuddly fur ball of happiness that so many love? Similar to humans, there is a nature vs. nurture debate on what shapes a dog's personality. While it is likely a mixture of both, I've researched a variety of biological components that help to make a dog a dog. Some of these include face shape, how their brain responds to audio stimuli, and a specific gene, also found in children with Williams syndrome, that is thought to make …
Dog-Headed: Outcast To All, Wesley Mills
Dog-Headed: Outcast To All, Wesley Mills
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
Cynocephali are a group of mythological, dog-headed, humans that appear throughout various cultures. Despite the wide range of region and time period in which they are used, they consistently represent a quality of "otherness".
Modeling Reflectance Spectra Of Nanorod Arrays With Arrays Of Light Sources, Christian Lange
Modeling Reflectance Spectra Of Nanorod Arrays With Arrays Of Light Sources, Christian Lange
Fall Student Research Symposium 2020
It is known that carbon-nanotube forests, nanopillar arrays, and other formations of quasi-periodic nanostructures of various materials (semiconductors, semimetals, and metals) can display a very low light reflectance over a wide range of wavelengths, and that the reflectance eventually starts to rise beyond an onset wavelength. As these materials can be quite reflective in planar form, this phenomenon indicates that morphology rather than material plays a dominant role. However, a quantitative analysis of the reflectance spectra of periodic structures has yet to be established. As a first step, we use an array of light sources to model the reflection from …
Chemical Analysis Of Aerosol Particle Surfaces, Hillary Woolf
Chemical Analysis Of Aerosol Particle Surfaces, Hillary Woolf
Fall Student Research Symposium 2018
Aerosol particles are thought to impact climate properties. The ability to probe aerosols to understand their chemical properties has been difficult due to a lack of appropriate analytical techniques. Here we present interface-specific SHS techniques to allow for in situ analysis of aerosol particles. Transportation of aerosols from their collection site to the laboratory disturbs their chemical and physical properties thus making it difficult to take accurate measurements of aerosol particles. We show that using a CCD detector is a more effective option for producing more sensitive results and can greatly reduce sampling time and could possibly detect measurements from …
Applied Mathematical Programming, Man-Keun Kim, Bruce A. Mccarl, Thomas H. Spreen
Applied Mathematical Programming, Man-Keun Kim, Bruce A. Mccarl, Thomas H. Spreen
Textbooks
This book is intended to both serve as a reference guide and a text for a course on Applied Mathematical Programming for upper undergraduate and Master level students in Economics, Applied Economics, Agricultural and Resource Economics, and Management; primarily based on McCarl and Spreen (2013). The material presented in McCarl and Spreen (2013) concentrates upon conceptual issues, problem formulation, computerized problem solution, and results interpretation; it is designed for the advanced readers who are familiar with mathematical economics including linear and matrix algebra and also with advanced modeling skills. Upper level undergraduate and/or Master students may not be beneficial from …
An Introduction To Differential Geometry Through Computation, Mark E. Fels
An Introduction To Differential Geometry Through Computation, Mark E. Fels
Textbooks
The outline of the book is as follows. Chapter 1 reviews some basic facts about smooth functions from IRn to IRm, as well as the basic facts about vector spaces, basis, and algebras. Chapter 2 introduces tangent vectors and vector fields in IRn using the standard two approaches with curves and derivations. Chapter 3 reviews linear transformations and their matrix representation so that in Chapter 4 the push-forward as an abstract linear transformation can be defined and its matrix representation as the Jacobian can be derived. As an application, the change of variable formula for vector …
Blacksmith Fork - Little Bear Watershed Alternative Futures Study, Scott Mccomb, Emmet Pruss, Thomas Terry, Conner White
Blacksmith Fork - Little Bear Watershed Alternative Futures Study, Scott Mccomb, Emmet Pruss, Thomas Terry, Conner White
Bioregional Planning Studio Reports
The following project was carried out in conjunction with the Logan River Task Force, under the chairmanship of Dr. Frank Howe. The Logan River Task Force was formed to develop an overall approach for managing the Logan River that balances ecology with people's social values for the river including public safety and property protection. Although the work of the Task Force has focused primarily on the Logan river, the Bioregional Planning graduate students have provided the Task Force with contextual information about the watershed, by exploring alternative futures for the Blacksmith Fork and Little Bear watersheds. This work expands on …
03 How To Find Normal Modes, Charles G. Torre
03 How To Find Normal Modes, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
How do we find the normal modes and resonant frequencies without making a clever guess? Well, you can get a more complete explanation in an upper-level mechanics course, but the gist of the trick involves a little linear algebra. The idea is the same for any number of coupled oscillators, but let us stick to our example of two oscillators.
02 Coupled Oscillators, Charles G. Torre
02 Coupled Oscillators, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
Our next step on the road to a bona fide wave is to consider a more interesting oscillating system: two coupled oscillators.
11 Separation Of Variables, Charles G. Torre
11 Separation Of Variables, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
There is yet another way to find the general solution to the wave equation which is valid in 1, 2, or 3 (or more!) dimensions. This method is quite important and, as we shall see, can often be used for other linear homogeneous differential equations. This technique for solving the wave equation is called the method of separation of variables.
04 Linear Chain Of Coupled Oscillators, Charles G. Torre
04 Linear Chain Of Coupled Oscillators, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
As an important application and extension of the foregoing ideas, and to obtain a first glimpse of wave phenomena, we consider the following system. Suppose we have N identical particles of mass m in a line, with each particle bound to its neighbors by a Hooke’s law force, with “spring constant” k. Let us assume the particles can only be displaced in one-dimension; label the displacement from equilibrium for the jth particle by qj , j = 1, ...,N. Let us also assume that particle 1 is attached to particle 2 on the right and a rigid wall on the …
12 Cylindrical Coordinates, Charles G. Torre
12 Cylindrical Coordinates, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
We have seen how to build solutions to the wave equation by superimposing plane waves with various choices for amplitude, phase and wave vector k. In this way we can build up solutions which need not have the plane symmetry (exercise), or any symmetry whatsoever. Still, as you know by now, many problems in physics are fruitfully analyzed when they are modeled as having various symmetries, such as cylindrical symmetry or spherical symmetry. For example, the magnetic field of a long, straight wire carrying a steady current can be modeled as having cylindrical symmetry. Likewise, the sound waves emitted by …
Problem Set 2, Charles G. Torre
08 Fourier Analysis, Charles G. Torre
08 Fourier Analysis, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
We now would like to show that one can build up the general solution of the wave equation by superimposing certain elementary solutions. Indeed, the elementary solutions being referred to are those discussed in §6. These elementary solutions will form a very convenient “basis” for the vector space of solutions to the wave equation, just as the normal modes provided a basis for the space of solutions in the case of coupled oscillators. Indeed, as we shall see, the elementary solutions are the normal modes for wave propagation. The principal tools needed to understand this are provided by the methods …
17 Maxwell Equations, Charles G. Torre
17 Maxwell Equations, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
With our brief review of vector analysis out of the way, we can now discuss the Maxwell equations. We use the Gaussian system of electromagnetic units and let c denote the speed of light in vacuum. The Maxwell equations are differential equations for the electric field E(r, t), and the magnetic field B(r, t), which are defined by the force they exert on a test charge q at the point r at time t. This force is defined by the Lorentz force law.
15 Schrodinger Equation, Charles G. Torre
15 Schrodinger Equation, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
An important feature of the wave equation is that its solutions q(r, t) are uniquely specified once the initial values q(r, 0) and (del)q(r, 0)/@t are specified. As was mentioned before, if we view the wave equation as describing a continuum limit of a network of coupled oscillators, then this result is very reasonable since one must specify the initial position and velocity of an oscillator to uniquely determine its motion. It is possible to write down other “equations of motion” that exhibit wave phenomena but which only require the initial values of the dynamical variable — not its time …
18 The Electromagnetic Wave Equation, Charles G. Torre
18 The Electromagnetic Wave Equation, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
Let us now see how the Maxwell equations (17.2)–(17.5) predict the existence of electromagnetic waves. For simplicity we will consider a region of space and time in which there are no sources (i.e., we consider the propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum). Thus we set p = 0 = j in our space-time region of interest. Now all the Maxwell equations are linear, homogeneous.
Problem Set 5, Charles G. Torre
Problem Set 7, Charles G. Torre
Vector Spaces (Appendix B), Charles G. Torre
Vector Spaces (Appendix B), Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
Throughout this text we have noted that various objects of interest form a vector space. Here we outline the basic structure of a vector space. You may find it useful to refer to this Appendix when you encounter this concept in the text.
20 Polarization, Charles G. Torre
20 Polarization, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
Our final topic in this brief study of electromagnetic waves concerns the phenomenon of polarization, which occurs thanks to the vector nature of the waves. More precisely, the polarization of an electromagnetic plane wave concerns the direction of the electric (and magnetic) vector fields. Let us first give a rough, qualitative motivation for the phenomenon. An electromagnetic plane wave is a traveling sinusoidal disturbance in the electric and magnetic fields. Let us focus on the behavior of the electric field since we can always reconstruct the behavior of the magnetic field from the electric field. Because the electric force on …
Problem Set 1, Charles G. Torre
Problem Set 10, Charles G. Torre
Problem Set 8, Charles G. Torre
01 Harmonic Oscillations, Charles G. Torre
01 Harmonic Oscillations, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
Everyone has seen waves on water, heard sound waves and seen light waves. But, what exactly is a wave? Of course, the goal of this course is to answer this question for you. But for now you can think of a wave as a traveling or oscillatory disturbance in some continuous medium (air, water, the electromagnetic field, etc.). As we shall see, waves can be viewed as a collective e↵ect resulting from a combination of many harmonic oscillations. So, to begin, we review the basics of harmonic motion.
Read Me, Charles G. Torre
Read Me, Charles G. Torre
Foundations of Wave Phenomena
What this book is all about, why it was written, and stuff like that.