Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Build-Up Of Mineral Content In Lake Dardanelle And The Effect On Zooplankton, Tom N. Palko

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Unsteady Flow Toward Artesian Wells By Three-Dimensional Finite Elements, Yang H. Huang, Shen-Jyh Wu

KWRRI Research Reports

A three-dimensional finite element computer program was developed for analyzing unsteady flow toward artesian wells. The program is designed especially for determining the drawdown around an artesian well penetrating fully or partially a nonhomogeneous and anisotropic aquifer of irregular shape and cross section. It can also be used as a general program for aquifer simulation and evaluation. A major advantage of the program lies in the minimum amount of input data required. By assuming the top and bottom boundaries of the aquifer as two arbitrary planes, the aquifer will be divided into six- or eight-node elements, and their nodal coordinates …

Water Current, Volume 6, No. 7, July 1974

Water Current Newsletter

Guest Editorial: Hal L. Schroeder, Chairman, Water Resources Research Institute Advisory Committee
Deadlines for Research Proposals
Research Contracts from Old West Commission
State Reclamation Projects Funded
Water Management Needed in Nebraska
DEC Issues Power Plant Permit
Rann Proposal Guidelines Available
Water Resources Information Program
Principles and Standards - Procedure #1
New Energy Developments Will Use More Water
Research Review: A Regional Model for Predicting Great Plains Evapotranspiration

Water Salvage Potentials In Utah, Volume I. Open Water Evaporation And Monolayer Suppression Potential, Trevor C. Hughes, E. Arlo Richardson, James A. Franckiewicz

Reports

An estimate of the potential in Utah for evaporation suppression by the monolayer film method is presented. The model estimates evaporation suppression as a function of wind speed, a four parameter exposure factor, and reservoir size. The estimated suppression factors vary from 0 to 30 percent and average 11 percent of the statewide total annual evaporation. Estimates of May to October evaporation and suppression potential are calculated for each of the 227 impoundments in the surface water inventory. A forthcoming report in this series will examine the potential for evaporation suppression by thermal destratification. This procedure, which is already being …

Water Current, Volume 6, No. 6, June 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
Deadlines for Research Proposals
Support Available for PhD Candidates
EPA and Feedlot Industries
EPA--No Exception
Fire on Asbestos
Solar Hot Water Heater Available
Cancer from Drinking Water
1975 Autos May Be Health Hazards
Soil Acts as Neutralizer
Jack C. Jorgensen Appointed Associate Director of OWRR
New State Institute Directors
Research Review: Improved Water and Fertility Management in Irrigation Systems

Water Current, Volume 6, No. 5, May 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
Dr. Peter Huntoon to Wyoming
Deadlines for Research Proposals
Two Matching Grants Funded
OWRR Scientist to Visit Nebraska
Nebraska's Research Needs
Water Permit Program Changes Hands
MRBC Announces Planning Goals and Objectives
Barbarossa Named MRBC Director of Planning
Nation's Water Quality - Getting Better or Worse?
Water Resources Development Act Signed
OSW Funds Cut (Again!)
EPA and WPCF to Recommend Changes to PL 92-500
More Flexibility for Effluent Guidelines
Research Review: Biological Control of "Sphaerotilus natans" and Other Related Species in Waste Waters

Water Current, Volume 6, No. 4, April 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
National Commission on Water Quality Announces Study Plans
Maximum Water Resources Development Urged
Department for Natural Resources Nixed in Favor of Short-Term Measures
Controversy Reigns Over Project Discount Rate
EDF Questions Flood Control Projects
Research Review: Practical Treatment of Feedlot Runoff

Distribution Of Trace Metals In A Warm Water Release Impoundment, J. Nix

Technical Reports

A water quality study of the DeGray Reservoir, Arkansas, was conducted beginning immediately following the beginning of impoundment through the first year in which the reservoir was operated near normal pool elevation. DeGray Reservoir is the first major dam in Arkansas to be equipped with upper level release capabilities. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity were measured in situ at stations located over the old river channel. Samples were taken from selected levels within the water column at each station and analyzed for the following parameters: pH, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, alkalinity, COD, iron, manganese, copper, …

Finitely Generated Modules Over Bezout Ringsrwiegand@Unl.Edu, Roger Wiegand, Sylvia Wiegand

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

Let R be a Bezout ring (a commutative ring in which all finitely generated ideals are principal), and let M be a finitely generated R -module. We will study questions of the following sort: (A) If every localization of M can be generated by n elements, can M itself be generated by n elements? (B) If M 0 R m = Rn for some m, n, is Af necessarily free? (C) If every localization of M has an element with zero annihilator, does M itself have such an element? We will answer these and related questions for various familiar classes …

Water Current, Volume 6, No. 3, March 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Water Resources Seminar Series
1974 Summer Institute
Administration Water Budget - FY 1975
Bureau of Reclamation
Office of Water Resources Research
Office of Saline Water
Water Resources Council
Commisson on Water Quality
US Geological Survey
Stream Channelization Critiicized
Investments in Transportation
Cloud Seeding Impacts Researched
$7 Billion Proposed for Environmental Programs
WRC Issues New Guidelines
Research Review: Biological Control of Blue-Green Algae

Seasonal Changes In Water Quality And Primary Productivity In Doe Valley Lake, Edmond J. Bacon, Stuart E. Neff

KWRRI Research Reports

Primary productivity and water quality were studied in Doe Valley Lake, a 147-hectare impoundment on Doe Run, a spring-fed stream in Meade County, Kentucky, from 13 June 1969 to 31 July 1972. Doe Valley Lake is monomictic during most winter seasons, but it is dimictic during more severe winters because of its morphometry and location on the borderline climatic region for dimictic lakes (37° N latitude). Oxygen depletion in the hypolimnion is severe, and anaerobic conditions usually prevail by late June. A hypolimnetic areal deficit of 0.038 mg/cm²/day was calculated. Supersaturation of oxygen in the epilimnion was common, …

Water Resources News, Volume 6, No. 2, February 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
NWRRI Research Seminar
Water Resources Seminar Series
Future Water Use - Coal vs. Irrigation
Yellowstone River Basin Study Proposed
EPA Increases Tuition Fees
Changing Attitudes in the Corps
Social Effects of Public Works Projects
Water Programs Reorganized, Replaced and Removed
WRC's 6-7/8% Rate May Be Reduced
Cost Sharing Receives a Back Seat
Research Review: Digital Simulation of Conjunctive-Use Irrigation in Dawson County, Nebraska

Development Of Prediction Relationships For Water Requirements With Irrigation Cooling, Billy J. Barfield, John N. Walker, F. A. Payne

KWRRI Research Reports

A model for predicting leaf temperatures during an off-on mist cycle is presented. The model uses a combination of energy budget and aerodynamic techniques. The model was tested for dry leaf temperature and evapotranspiration predictions using average hourly data from Arizona. The accuracy was good. It was also tested for dry leaf temperature predictions using two to three minute data with a widely varying net radiation. When reasonable values of stomatal resistance were used, the agreement was again good.

The model was tested for prediction of wet leaf temperature prediction with a ten minute on, fifty minute off mist irrigation …

Water Resources News, Volume 6, No. 1, January 1974

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
1974 Summer Institute
Water Resources Seminar Series
Energy Conference Proceedings Available
Feedlots Pollute Western Water
Geothermal Energy Dangerous
Water Funds on Ice
Insurance Sales Up But Not Final
REAP Funds May Freeze
River Moratorium Continued
Do-It-Yourself Dam Plan Approved
Environment and Energy Headed in Same Direction
Pavement with Ready-Made Holes
Research Review: Biophysical Control of Water Loss

Biochrome Analysis As A Method For Assessing Phytoplankton Dynamics Phase I, Richard L. Meyer

Technical Reports

Selected chemical, physical and biological parameters were determined for a man-made lake, Beaver Lake, on the White River of Arkansas and Missouri. The research program determined the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the temporal and spatial distribution of the algal subcommunities. It was determined that the epipelic, epilithic, epizooic and metaphytic subcommunities had little influence on the euplanktonic subcommunity. The relationship between the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biochromes chlorophyll-a, -b, and -c and the phytoplankton species clustered into biochrome sets is discussed. The temporal and spatial distributional patterns of temperature, oxygen, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, ortho phosphate-P and silicates are …

Automation Of The Continuous Coagulation Monitor, Dee Mitchell, James J. Oskowis

Technical Reports

The development of automation in the past 50 years has paralleled the accelerating growth of today’s vast technological society. Automatic control systems are indispensable extensions of man's brain that enable him to monitor and regulate his complex environment. The principles of automatic control have a wide range of applications and interests in virtually every scientific field. The need for automatic control systems in vital applications of environmental engineering is both real and urgent. Extensive pollution has resulted in unavoidable water re-use and in the inevitable establishment of stringent effluent standards. Both water and wastewater treatment processes have necessarily become more …

Limnetic Zooplankton Dynamics In Beaver Reservoir Including An Inventory Of Copepod Species And An Evaluation Of Vertical Sampling Methods, Eugene H. Schmitz

Technical Reports

There can be little doubt that the development of primary food sources (i.e. plankton) is an important factor contributing to fish production. Applegate and Mullan (1968) report that an exceptional sport fish harvest is generally associated with the development of new reservoirs, although the precise reasons for such interrelations are not known. Kramer and Smith (1962) demonstrated the tendency of bass fingerlings to feed on Cladocera in proportion to the latter's abundance, and Hodson (1966) reported the same basic pattern for largemouth and spotted bass fingerlings in Beaver Reservoir. Applegate and Mullan (1969) analyzed the digestive tract contents of larval …

Effects Of Mosquito Control Chemicals On Aquatic Fauna, J. L. Lancaster Jr., M. V. Meisch

Technical Reports

No mosquito abatement districts have ever been organized in Arkansas. Mosquito control efforts have been largely adulticiding operations by either aerial application or ground thermal fogging machines. Practically no chemical applications have been directed at the larval stage in residual water in ditches and depressions from which adult populations arise. Some larviciding with ethyl parathion has been done in ricefields. Although the treatment is very effective in mosquito reduction, voluntary treatment has not been completely successful. Because relatively little insecticide has been used as a larvicide in Arkansas, it was possible to evaluate the effect of recommended larvicides on non-target …

Limnological, Ichthyological, And Parasitological Investigations On Arkansas Reservoris In Relation To Water Quality, John S. Carter, Carl E. Hoffman, Larry L. Olmsted, Raj V. Kilambi, Donald G. Cloutman, David A. Becker

Technical Reports

Lake Fort Smith, a 525 acre (212 ha) reservoir, was impounded in 1936 as a water supply for the city of Fort Smith. The reservoir is located on Clear Creek (Frog Bayou), a tributary of the Arkansas River, in the Boston Mountains 28 miles (45 km) northeast of the city of Fort Smith in Crawford County, Arkansas. A map and morphometric characteristics of Lake Fort Smith are given in Fig. 1 and Table I (Hoffman, 1951; Nelson, 1952). In 1956 Lake Shepherd Springs, a 750 acre (304 ha) impoundment, was created one mile upstream of Lake Fort Smith (Rorie, 1961). …

Agua, Vida Y Sociedad Moderna, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Conservation Of The National Estate, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In 1973 the Australian Government established a Committee of Inquiry under Mr. Justice R. M. Hope to inquire into the National Estate. Under its terms of reference the Committee was to assess the nature and condition of the National Estate and the measures which were being and should be taken for its preservation and enhancement.

Officers of the Department of Agriculture recognise that there are basic natural resources such as land, water, gene material and ecosystems which are essential elements of the National Estate held in trust by successive generations.

In a submission to the Inquiry, matters of particular concern …

Nitrogen Fertilisers For Pasture Production, Walter Jacob Cox, K Hawley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

At current prices nitrogen fertiliser is not an economic substitute for good clover pastures, but it can supplement the system by increasing nitrogen supply at peak growth periods. It can also provide useful increases in pasture production at critical feed times. Nitrogen usage for pasture production is still in the experimental stages and small areas should be tried before large-scale application.

Water Economy For Lawns And Gardens, K S. Cole

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Much of the summer water consumption occurs because it is widely believed that heavy summer watering is necessary. Householders often mistakenly water heavily to keep their gardens green and growing. Many may not realise that gardens can be kept vigorous and healthy with much less water than is commonly applied.

Shoreline Situation Report Newport News, Virginia, Carl H. Hobbs Iii, Gary L. Anderson, William D. Athearn, Robert J. Byrne, John M. Zeigler

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Effectiveness Of Water Resources Planning Groups A Final Report, Daniel H. Hoggan, Jim Mulder, Sarah Jane Taylor, Dennis E. Oaks, Brent Somers, Raymond L. Richardson

Reports

Information and recommendations were developed pertaining to the organization of regional and river basin water planning studies, useful to river basin commissions and others responsible for such studies. The approach that was used included four basic components: (1) conceptualization of a planning model, based on an analysis of planning theory and organizational literature, (2) analysis and review of historical trends in water resources planned, (3) examination and comparative evaluation of 15 river basin planning studies, and (4) case studies of two planning efforts selected from the 15 examined in order to perform a more detailed analysis and to gain information …

Precipitation Augmentation Potential By Cloud Seeding In The State Of Utah, Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

No abstract provided.

Upgrading Wastewater Stabilization Ponds To Meet New Discharge Standards, Donna H. Falkdenborg, Ronald F. Lewis, Donald J. Ehreth

Reports

No abstract provided.

Modeling The Total Hydrologic-Sociologic Flow System Of Urban Areas - Phase Ii, Wade H. Andrews, J. Paul Riley, George B. Shih, Malcolm B. Masteller

Reports

Introduction and Overview: This is an interim report on Phase II of the three phase study. The objectives covered in this phase were: 1. To gather social and hydrologic data needed to calibrate and test the model. 2. The expand the physical model to include the rural part of the watersheds. 3. To test and improve techniques of the logical linking of the hydrologic and sociologic systems. 4. To begin adapting the model to the computer. During the second phase for the hydrologic component of the model major emphasis was placed on the expansion of the hydrologic area and the …

Effect Of Temperature On Algal Removal By Alum Coagulation, Muhammad Anis H. Al-Layla, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

Questions about the effect of temperature on algal cell coagulation and the relationships between algae removal and temperature, alum dosage, paddle speed, flocculation time, and settling time are answered. The investigations consisted of two series of tests: Studies on algae cultured under laboratory control, and algae in wastewater stabilization ponds. The jar-test technique was used for the coagulation of algal suspensions by alum. Coagulation of algae is caused mainly by the insoluble flocs of aluminum hydroxide. Other aluminum species also have coagulative properties but are far less effective. The destabilization of algal colloids results from enmeshment within the hydroxide precipitates, …

Evaluating Water Reuse Alternatives In Water Resources Planning, A. Bruce Bishop, William J. Grenney, Rengasan Narayanan, Stanley L. Klemetson

Reports

Water reuse is a recognized option for augmenting water supplies to provide for expanded water needs. A methodology is developed for examining optimal strategies for water reuse within the context of the total water resources system, including both the provision of water supplies for various uses and management of wastewaters. A model of the water resources system is formulated as a “transportation “ or “transshipment” problem in linear programming depicting the possible sources of supply, including effluent sources available for reuse, which can be used to satisfy the requirements of various water users. The optimizing objective in the model is …