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Articles 31 - 60 of 63
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Atrazine And Alachlor Dissipation Rates From Field Experiments, Stephen R. Workman, Andrew D. Ward, Norman R. Fausey, Sue E. Nokes
Atrazine And Alachlor Dissipation Rates From Field Experiments, Stephen R. Workman, Andrew D. Ward, Norman R. Fausey, Sue E. Nokes
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Chemical transport is being monitored in the root zone of three agricultural management systems at the Ohio Management Systems Evaluation Area (OMSEA). Atrazine and alachlor concentration data from soil cores taken to a depth of 0.9 m and partitioned into the increments of 0.0 to 0.15, 0.15 to 0.3, 0.45 to 0.6, and 0.75 to 0.9 m show the herbicides remained in the top 0.15 m of the profile during the 1991 and 1992 growing seasons. The slow movement of herbicides was partly due to below normal rainfall during the period. Since the herbicides have not been transported out of …
Potential Agronomic Benefits Of Wood Ash Application On Reclaimed Surface Mined Lands, David C. Ditsch, John H. Grove, William O. Thom
Potential Agronomic Benefits Of Wood Ash Application On Reclaimed Surface Mined Lands, David C. Ditsch, John H. Grove, William O. Thom
Soil Science News and Views
Wood ash is a by-product generated by paper companies, lumber manufacturing plants and utilities that bum wood products, bark and papermill sludge as a means of disposal and/or energy production. Large quantities of wood ash are generated by these industries since wood generally contains 6 to 10% ash. Most of these ashes are landfilled or discarded in lagoons. However, the increasing expense of landfill disposal has led to increased interest in the land application of industry generated wood ash.
Making Horticulture Sustainable, Bob Paulin, Neil Clifton Lantzke, Ian Mcpharlin, Murray Hegney
Making Horticulture Sustainable, Bob Paulin, Neil Clifton Lantzke, Ian Mcpharlin, Murray Hegney
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
Sweet crunchy carrots, luscious strawberries at very reasonable prices, crisp green vegetables - these are just a few of the horticultural products that Western Australians take for granted and eat almost every day. But is their future availability guaranteed as population grows, suburbia spreads and environmental concern increases?
Cooperative Landcare Venture Revisited, Kate Mcinnes
Cooperative Landcare Venture Revisited, Kate Mcinnes
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
Four years ago, the Journal of Agriculture reported on a unique partnership forged in 1989 between the Department of Agriculture Alcoa of Australia Limited and six catchment groups located in the Avon River catchment.
Kate McInnes reports on progress with the Avon Catchment Landcare Project.
Storm : [Wind Erosion In The Great Southern], Dan Carter
Storm : [Wind Erosion In The Great Southern], Dan Carter
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
On Thursday 11 May 1995, a low pressure system with central barometric pressure of 990 hPa formed of south-western Australia. This depression directed gale force winds over the South-West Land Division for some seven hours.
Dan Carter reports on the widespread damage to soils and property, and management practices that would have reduced the problem.
Comparison Of Variable Rate To Single Rate Nitrogen Fertilizer Application: Corn Production And Residual Soil No3-N, N. R. Kitchen, D. F. Hughes, K. A. Sudduth, Stuart J. Birrell
Comparison Of Variable Rate To Single Rate Nitrogen Fertilizer Application: Corn Production And Residual Soil No3-N, N. R. Kitchen, D. F. Hughes, K. A. Sudduth, Stuart J. Birrell
Stuart J. Birrell
The questions most often asked by farmers when discussing variable rate (VR) fertilizer inputs are "How much will it cost?" and "How will it affect my yields?" Many farmers and custom application services share a reluctance to invest in the time and technology required for variable fertilizer application since studies to answer these questions are few and results have been inconsistent.
Biological Processes: Relationships Between Earthworms And Soil Temperature, Edwin C. Berry, Jerry K. Radke
Biological Processes: Relationships Between Earthworms And Soil Temperature, Edwin C. Berry, Jerry K. Radke
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Soil fauna play important roles in many soil processes and conditions which relate to agricultural systems. Earthworms are credited with enhancing soil fertility and soil physical properties by their feeding and burrowing activities. Most research on earthworms has focused on the warmer seasons of the year and relatively little is known about earthworm activity and survival during the portion of the year with frozen soils. Earthworms may survive winter by acclimatization, aestivation, or by burrowing to deeper depths where the soil is not frozen. More research is needed on the fate of earthworms in frozen soils. Suggested research areas include: …
Freezing And Thawing Of Agricultural Soils: Implications For Soil, Water, And Air Quality, Brenton S. Sharratt, Keith E. Saxton, Jerry K. Radke
Freezing And Thawing Of Agricultural Soils: Implications For Soil, Water, And Air Quality, Brenton S. Sharratt, Keith E. Saxton, Jerry K. Radke
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Most agricultural lands in the USA are subject to subfreezing temperatures. Soil freezing and thawing affects both biotic and abiotic interactions and processes which vary with weather, soil type, land management, and topography. Soil fauna generally undergo physiological changes or rely on locomotion as a means of adapting to frozen soils. Managing faunal populations using soil management may be achievable with a better understanding of winter ecological processes. Many of the thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, and physical properties of soils are altered by freezing and thawing. Soil erosion may be accentuated by soil freezing and thawing as a result of changes …
Migration Of Water During Winter In West Central Minnesota Soils, Brenton S. Sharratt
Migration Of Water During Winter In West Central Minnesota Soils, Brenton S. Sharratt
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Soil freezing influences the amount and quality of our water resources, yet, little is known concerning the impacts of soil texture and water content before freezing on water migration in frozen soils. Columns of Hamerly clay loam and Sioux loam at 3 initial water contents were subjected to the vagaries of the field environment at Morris, Minnesota during the winter of 1993-1994 and then sectioned to determine changes in soil water content. Redistribution of water in the frozen soil layer became more apparent with an increase in initial water content. Little movement of water occurred at the lowest initial water …
Studies On Freezing And Thawing Soils In Iowa, Jerry K. Radke, Edwin C. Berry
Studies On Freezing And Thawing Soils In Iowa, Jerry K. Radke, Edwin C. Berry
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Frozen soils have a major influence on the cropping systems and farming practices in northern states. However, relatively little research has been done on the physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur in the field during the non-growing season. Experiments on frozen soils were started recently in Iowa to 1) study the effects of residue cover on soil freezing and thawing, 2) measure the movement of water and solutes and changes in soil structure due to freezing and thawing of repacked soil columns in the field, 3) test the SHAW (Simultaneous Heat And Water) model for its capability to predict …
Soil Freeze-Thaw Processes: Implications For Nutrient Cycling, C. Wayne Honeycutt
Soil Freeze-Thaw Processes: Implications For Nutrient Cycling, C. Wayne Honeycutt
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Soil freeze-thaw processes can regulate nutrient availability to plants by influencing nutrient leakage from plant tissues, nutrient release from soil organisms, mineral weathering, various inorganic nutrient transformations, and nutrient transport in both soil solution and sediment. These aspects of freeze-thaw processes are given in this review. A frequently reported observation is that soil water content controls the extent of freeze-thaw impacts on several chemical, physical, and biological processes and components important for nutrient cycling. Practices affecting soil water content, such as tillage and crop residue management, may therefore provide opportunities for managing freeze-thaw impacts on nutrient use efficiency in crop …
Frost Tillage For Soil Management In The Northeastern Usa, Harold M. Van Es, Robert R. Schindelbeck
Frost Tillage For Soil Management In The Northeastern Usa, Harold M. Van Es, Robert R. Schindelbeck
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Tillage during the winter is typically considered impossible, despite its desirability in some cases. Soil freezing results in net upward movement of water to the freezing zone which facilitates primary tillage or incorporation of amendments. these can be performed during a time window when the frost layer is sufficiently thin to be ripped and the underlying soil is tillable. We evaluated the feasibility of frost tillage and performed an agronomic comparison with spring-tilled soil. Soil conditions conductive to frost tillage occurred during three time windows in the 1991/1992 and two in the 1992/1993 winter at Ithaca, NY. Frost tillage resulted …
Overwinter Changes In Dry Aggregate Size Distribution Influencing Wind Erodibility In A Spring Wheat-Summerfallow Cropping System, Stephen D. Merrill, Alfred L. Black, Ted M. Zobeck
Overwinter Changes In Dry Aggregate Size Distribution Influencing Wind Erodibility In A Spring Wheat-Summerfallow Cropping System, Stephen D. Merrill, Alfred L. Black, Ted M. Zobeck
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
A long-term study of the wind erodibility properties of a two-year spring wheat-summerfallow cropping systems was started in 1988 in south-central North Dakota as part of an USDA-ARS led effort to construct a process-oriented soil erosion predictive model. Observations were conducted on a conservation tillage experiment established in 1984 on soil classified in the U.S. as Typic-Pachic Haploborolls and in Canada as Brown to Dark Brown Chenozemic. The experiment included four residue-management treatments defined by targeted residue coverages: no-till, > 60% cover; minimal-till, 30% to 60% cover and undercutter dominated; conventional-till, < 30% cover and disk dominated; low-residue, < 5 % cover. Fall and spring measurements of dry aggregate size distribution (ASD) of surface soil (0 to 4 cm depth), and overwinter changes in ASD are reported here. A rotary sieve produced six size fractions ranging from < 0.42 mm to > 19.2 mm diameter. Measurements of ASD are expressed as geometric …
Frozen Soils: A Perspective On Past And Future Research For Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Jerry K. Radke, Brenton S. Sharratt, W. Doral Kemper, Dale A. Bucks
Frozen Soils: A Perspective On Past And Future Research For Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Jerry K. Radke, Brenton S. Sharratt, W. Doral Kemper, Dale A. Bucks
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Frozen soils impact many industries which rely· on soil, water, and .air resources in developing and manufacturing products. Most noteworthy is the agricultural industry in the northern United States where soils, which sustain food and fiber production, are subjected to frequent freezing and thawing. Soil freezing and thawing influences soil erodibility, surface and ground water quality, air quality, and biological activity. Many strides toward understanding frozen soil processes and managing lands to minimize the adverse effects of freezing and thawing have been made over the last two decades. Yet, further efforts to identify frozen soil processes which influence wind and …
Morphological Indicators Of Seasonally-Saturated Soils For A Hydrosequence In Southeastern Minnesota, J. C. Bell, J. A. Thompson, C. A. Butler
Morphological Indicators Of Seasonally-Saturated Soils For A Hydrosequence In Southeastern Minnesota, J. C. Bell, J. A. Thompson, C. A. Butler
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
The duration and depth of seasonal soil saturation affects soil suitability for many landuses and are critical factors in the determination of hydric soil boundaries for jurisdictional wetland delineations. Biochemical processes in saturated, anaerobic soil conditions lead to the genesis of soil morphological features that indicate the duration of seasonal saturation. However, few prior studies confirm the relationships between soil hydrology and soil morphology in Minnesota landscapes. We monitored water table and piezometric elevations, soil temperature, redox potential, and soil matric potential at multiple depths for five locations along a hillslope hydrosequence of well to very poorly drained prairie soils …
Effect Of Subsoiling On Yield Of Burley Tobacco, Kenneth L. Wells, Kim D. Strohmeier
Effect Of Subsoiling On Yield Of Burley Tobacco, Kenneth L. Wells, Kim D. Strohmeier
Soil Science News and Views
Compaction of tobacco fields caused by overworking or working soils when they are too wet has become a topic of concern to burley producers in recent years. Despite the viewpoint of some producers that annual subsoiling of tobacco fields is a profitable practice, particularly on soils which percolate water slowly, the University of Kentucky College of Agriculture recommends subsoiling only for a defined compaction problem. In such cases, some field studies have shown increased yields of burley to tillage practices that penetrate and shatter the compacted layer. Questions persist, however, about the effectiveness of single shank subsoilers used annually by …
Land Resources Of The Bencubbin Area, Gerard J. Grealish, John Wagnon
Land Resources Of The Bencubbin Area, Gerard J. Grealish, John Wagnon
Land resources series
This survey of the Bencubbin area is part of the Agriculture Western Australia's regional land resource mapping program, and covers approximately 1.5 million hectares in the Merredin, Trayning, Koorda, Mount Marshall, Mukinbudin, Westonia and Nungarin Shires of Western Australia. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and cool winters. Land is used for winter cereal production and grazing, and about 60% is cropped each year. Wheat is the main crop and is grown in rotation with lupins, field peas, barley and medic pasture. This report provides primary and interpreted information on the character and capability of the land, for …
Nebraska Groundwater In Storage, Conservation Survey Division
Nebraska Groundwater In Storage, Conservation Survey Division
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Thayer County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith
Thayer County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Guidelines For Decommissioning Water Wells, How To Plug Water Wells, Duane A. Eversoll, Delynn R. Hay, Rod J. Tremblay
Guidelines For Decommissioning Water Wells, How To Plug Water Wells, Duane A. Eversoll, Delynn R. Hay, Rod J. Tremblay
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Generalized Classification Of Economic Minerals
Generalized Classification Of Economic Minerals
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Static Pressure At The Ground Under Atmospheric Flow Across A Windbreak, James R. Brandle
Static Pressure At The Ground Under Atmospheric Flow Across A Windbreak, James R. Brandle
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Structural Contour Map On Top Of The Lansing Group, R. R. Burchett
Structural Contour Map On Top Of The Lansing Group, R. R. Burchett
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Self-Study Report 1995
Conservation and Survey Division
This Self-Study Report for the Conservation and Survey Division (CSD) is a profile of the unit at this point in time. It is presented in three major sections: (1) Background; (2) Current Programs and Achievements; and (3) A Vision of the Future. All sections draw heavily upon documents, staff input, and committee activities going on within the division.
Annual Outflow And Annual Inflow Of Water From/To Nebraska, 1950-1994, Conservation And Survey Division
Annual Outflow And Annual Inflow Of Water From/To Nebraska, 1950-1994, Conservation And Survey Division
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Boyd County Test Hole Logs, Susan Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett
Boyd County Test Hole Logs, Susan Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Rangeland Reference Areas : Summary Of Cooperative Project Between The Western Australian Department Of Agriculture And The Environmental Protection Authority, D A. Blood
Resource management technical reports
The development of agriculture in south-western Australia has been characterised by the replacement of deep-rooted, perennial species of native vegetation with shallow-rooted, annual species. Except for the high rainfall areas, the native vegetation was able to intercept and transpire nearly all of the rainfall resulting in low stream flows and recharge to a groundwater system which was typically deep and restricted to the major valleys. The lack of surface or groundwater movement out of inland catchments used large quantities of cyclic salts to become stored in the regolith. Although annual crops and pastures can be high water users, they are …