Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Outward Bound: The Congruence Of Principles And Practice, Cheryl A. Estes

Research in Outdoor Education

A questionnaire was developed to determine how well principles were conveyed during standard courses at two Outward Bound schools. Results showed that the principles of the schools were important and conveyed. Comparisons showed some differences in perception regarding the principles of compassion, cooperation, en­vironmental awareness, and service. Recommendations for further research were made.

Moods Of Outdoor Short Course Participants, Chris Cashel

Research in Outdoor Education

A purpose of this study was to demon­strate the cycle of mood states displayed by outdoor short course participants. It was hy­pothesized that participants on short courses experience fluctuations of mood states. Moods would follow a predictable cycle and will complete a range of moods. Mood states were assessed using the POMS (McNair, Lorr, & Droppleman, 1971).

The Status Of Evaluation In Aca Accredited Camping Programs, Karla A. Henderson, M. Deborah Bialeschki

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this descriptive evaluation project was to determine the current status of evaluation in American Camping Association accredited camps. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from a systematic random sample of camps. The results showed that camp directors placed emphasis on evaluations for helping them improve various aspects of the camp related to staff, program, facilities, and/or administration.

Learning About Ethical Outdoor Leadership, Karen Fox, Mark Reed

Research in Outdoor Education

Outdoor adventure programming has responded to changing societal and individ­ual needs by enlarging the goals and objec­tives of programs beyond the boundaries of the outdoor trip. Program missions, goals and objectives regularly include integrating people with and without disabilities, rein­forcing appropriate school and societal be­haviour in youth at risk, enhancing the self­ esteem of young people, teaching environ­mentally sound behaviour, and enhancing restorative healing for women survivors of abuse and people with terminal illness. These broader goals and objectives place different demands upon the outdoor leader and situate an outdoor trip within a larger context. This larger context connects out­door …

Moods Of 3-Week And 5-Week Outdoor Expedition Participants, Pamela E. Foti, Suzanne R. Daiss

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this research project was to investigate and document the cycle of mood states displayed by outdoor recreation expedition participants. It was hypothesized that an individual's moods pass through a predictable cycle during the beginning, middle, and end phases of a 3-week to 5-week outdoor expedition.This cycle would include fluctuations in mood states such as anger/hostility, confusion/bewilderment, de­pression/dejection, fatigue, tension/anxiety, and vigor. It was anticipated that ten­sion/anxiety would be high in the beginning, medium to high in the middle, and then low at the end. Depression/dejection was ex­pected to be low in the beginning, high in the middle, …

Anxiety And Outdoor Adventure: A Study Of State Anxiety And Activity Performance, Ben F. Tholkes

Research in Outdoor Education

This study explored the relationship between participant anxiety and perfor­mance in an outdoor adventure activity (a high ropes course). It has been widely sug­gested that a correlation exists between anxiety and performance of complex motor tasks during a physical activity (Martens, Vealey, & Burton, 1990).

Methods, Measures, And Madness: Possiblities For Outdoor Education Research, Karla Henderson, Karen Fox

Research in Outdoor Education

In this keynote presentation, the authors outlined the "Top Ten Reasons Why We Need More and Better Outdoor Education Research Methods and Measures" as the basis for our further discussion.

Wilderness Leadershiptraining:Influence On Judgment And Decision Making, Mike Mcgowan, Rogene Mckiernan

Research in Outdoor Education

A repeated measures design was used to examine changes in the level of moral deci­sion making attributed to participation in the ECOEE field studies program.

How Deep Ecology And Critical Social Theory Come Together In Outdoor Travel Guiding: On Thediscovery Of Being A Researcher, Bob Henderson

Research in Outdoor Education

The author describes planned research:

With 10 years of reviewing and keeping selections from the travel journals of over 50 trips, winter and summer, it seems appropri­ate at this time to address an Outdoor Edu­cation Research Symposium with a story of realization and research findings that speak to a liberation from oppressive cultural forces for a radically new conception of self (of "being a researcher"). Influences of nar­rative inquiry, emancipatory research, fem­inist theory and perspectival heuristic studies are all involved in shaping the ways of knowing, ways of teaching, and ways of valuing presented here as a new approach to …

On Evaluating Environmental Education, Ilka List

Research in Outdoor Education

Are we doing what we think we are doing in our outdoor environmental education programs? We need answers in order to improve our programs, as well as to convince funding organizations that we de­serve their money. Although most funding agencies know how difficult it is to evaluate qualitative experience, they still ask us to try. I think that children's art can provide such a tool. Although many people are not at all familiar with interpreting children's art, the skill is not difficult to learn, and the artwork reveals a great deal.

Reconnecting With Nature: A Vision For The Future, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)

Research in Outdoor Education

Conference Announcement for the Second Coalition for Education in the Outdoors National Conference held in October, 1994.

Camp Peregrine Research: An Investigation Of The Development Of Environmental Empathy, Diana Sweet Wilson

Research in Outdoor Education

Our research goal at Mohonk Preserve' s Camp Peregrine during the past five years has been to discover bet­ter ways to give children opportunity to experience the environment that results in a deep empathy for the organisms and their physical habitats. Empathy for non-human characters involves the focusing of attention on the other and the assumption of the role of the other, as well as cognitive activities that lead to understanding of the other's sit­uati9n (Hoffman, 1993). We link adventure, scientific inquiry, and storytelling to ac­complish these goals.

A Case Study Of Health Risk Communication: What The Public Wants And What It Gets, Jeannette M. Trauth

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Trauth presents a content analysis of 40 years of coverage of a major local source of air pollution by a Pittsburgh newspaper. She also summarizes the results of a survey conducted to determine the extent to which citizens of most likely affected communities, e.g., understand health risks and desire further information.

Table Of Contents Volume Five, Number One, Winter 1994, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Table of contents for the journal RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673)

Relation Between S2 And Later Generation Testcrosses Of Two Corn Populations, S. M. Lile, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Determination of the relative combining abilities of corn (Zea mays L.) inbred lines is an important feature of applied corn breeding programs. Combining ability is measured by the relative performance of a line in testcrosses to one or more testers. Inbred lines from BS13(S2)Cl and BSCB1(R)C7 corn populations were evaluated at the S₂ and later generations of inbreeding. Intense selection was practiced among and within lines during inbreeding to develop the S₅-equivalent and S₈ generation lines. The objective of this study was to determine if the combining ability of lines in early generations (S₂) …

Nomenclatural Changes For Some Diatoms Found In Iowa, David B. Czarnecki

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Nomenclatural revisions for four diatom taxa found in Iowa, two of which are presently maintained in the Loras College Freshwater Diatom Culture Collection (FDCC), are necessary because of systematic interpretations of the Division Bacillariophyta. Achnanthidium hauckianum (Grun.) Czarnecki comb. nov. was originally assigned to the genus Achnanthes Bory. Three taxa were previously assigned to the morphologically diverse genus Navicula Bory. These are Cavinula weinzierlii (Schimanski) Czarnecki comb. nov., Craticula cuspidata var. major [(Meist.) Czarnecki comb. nov. and] Craticula halophila var. subcapitata (0str.) Czarnecki comb. nov.

Using Saltland In Pakistan : An Australian Connection, Ed Barrett-Lennard, Riaz Qureshi

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Pakistan and Australia have a common enemy in salt. In each country millions of hectares of previously productive land have been affected by salt (or have the potential to become saline) because of inappropriate agricultural development. Since 1989 the Western Australian Department of Agriculture has participated in a research project in Pakistan which involves revegetation of salt land using Australian shrubs. Early results are very promising.

The Iowa Academy Of Science Parish Farm: 1986-1992, David L. Dozark

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

This article focuses on the Iowa Academy of Science Parish Farm and the progress made in the last seven years towards the goals set forth in the Model Farm Concept which was adopted by the Academy in 1970. Highlights of this article are a summary of the income and expenses associated with the farm's highly profitable crop production, the ground-water monitoring project being conducted by the Geological Survey Bureau, the woodlot rejuvenation project, soil and wildlife conservation improvements, and the prairie forbes exhibit area. The farm continues to serve as a primary source of income for the Academy and a …

Post-Natal Survival Of Raccoons In Relation To Female Age And Denning Behavior, Jonathan J. Judson, William R. Clark, Ronald D. Andrews

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

We measured post-natal survival of radio-collared raccoons 1-5 months old in southwest Iowa, 1988-1989. We compared survival of young nurtured by yearling and adult females and related den site selection to survival functions using proportional hazards models. Adult females used upland and farmstead habitats note frequently than yearlings, whereas yearling females used lowland habitats note frequently. Tree cavities and beds on the ground were used most frequently. Adult females denned in buildings 13% of the time and in holes in the ground 9.5% of the time, whereas yearlings frequently tested with litters in beds on the ground (31%). Microhab1tat characteristics …

Effects Of Competition And Predation On Prothonotary Warblers And House Wrens Nesting In Eastern Iowa, Timothy Brush

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In a fragmented midwestern floodplain forest, a small Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea) population experienced high competition with House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon) and mammalian nest predation in 1988-89. Despite the provision of 3 types of nest boxes and higher water levels, Prothonotary Warblers did not nest successfully and decreased in the fragmented forest in 1990-91. House Wrens used >90% of the nest boxes in both years. Wren territories doubled within the nestbox area, while remaining constant on an unmanipulated area. In contrast, a larger warbler population had high nesting success during 1990-91 in a relatively unfragmented, wetter forest tract. Such forests, …

Journal Of The Iowa Academy Of Science Submission Form And Instruction Sheet

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Back Cover

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Research Papers By 1992 And 1993 Interns In The Program For Women In Science And Engineering At Iowa State University, Mary Ann Evans, Krishna S. Athreya

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The papers in this volume offer a sampling of the outstanding work of high school and undergraduate interns who participated in the 1992 and 1993 Program for Women in Science and Engineering (PWSE) summer internship programs. From synthesis of materials to developing effective methods of hazardous waste disposal, from nondestructive structural studies at the macroscopic level to microstructural analyses of materials, from testing precision of sensors used as aids in agriculture to isolating effects of specific parameters on plant growth, to name a few, these papers span a wide range of scientific methods and disciplines. They serve as testimony to …

Crystal Structure Of An Iodine Phenazine Complex: C12h9n2 + · I3-. C12h8n2 · 1/6i2, Rebecca A. Brandenburg, Sharon L. Ringrose, Robert A. Jacobson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

A structural study of the polyiodide containing species C₁₂H₉N₂⁺ I₃^- C₁₂H₈N₂ · 1/6I₂ was carried out by single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The material crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m with a= 16.561(5), b = 8.372(2), c = 9.908(5) A and β = 111.24°. There are two molecules per cell. Dara were collected using Mo K_ἀ radiation and refinement converged to R = 0.027 based on the 1996 unique reflections with |F_o|≥3δ(F_o). The iodine atoms were found coexist in two …

Removal Of Magnetic Impurities From Strontium Copper Oxychloride, Colleen B. Eads, Carol J. Kosmicke, Lance L. Miller

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Analyses of a copper-deficient series of Strontium Copper Oxychloride polycrystalline samples are reported. Magnetic susceptibility, X-ray powder diffraction, and differential thermal analyses show a small Curie-type magnetic signal correlates with =0.6% (excess) copper ions in the nominally stoichiometric material. The analyses also imply that the extra magnetic signal is from an impurity phase, possibly related to Strontium Copper Oxide. The concentration of the impurity phase can be controlled by varying the copper stoichiometry.

Testing The Accuracy And Precision Of Wetness Sensors In A Tomato Field And On Turfgrass, Kara J. Potratz, Mark L. Gleason, Melanie L. Hockmuth, Sharon K. Parker, Glenn A. Pearston

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Measurements of dew-period duration by painted, flat-plate, electronic wetness sensors at the top of the plant canopy in a tomato field and on adjacent turfgrass were compared with visual observations. The response range of sensors during the onset of dew sometimes exceeded 5 hr. but was less than 1 hr. on other nights. Sensors in the tomato field indicated dew formation occurred as much as 2 hr. earlier or later than dew became visible on adjacent tomato leaflets at the top of the crop canopy. A calibration threshold for sensors derived from a drying curve resulted in the underestimation of …

Soybean Residual Effects On A Subsequent Maize Crop, E. S. Escuro, D. N. Sundberg, R. M. Shibles

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Maize (Zea mays 1.) grown after soybean (Glycine max 1. Merr.) consistently performs better than maize that follows itself (second year maize), irrespective of nitrogen fertilization. In previous studies of the soybean-maize rotation, there never has been an evaluation of the potentially different effects of soybean genotypes on following maize. A two-year, soybean maize rotation was initiated in Ames at 1988 with the first year planted to various soybean genotypes, a maize hybrid, and oat (Avena sativa 1.). These were followed in the second year by a single maize hybrid with 0, 80, 160, and 240 kg/ha N fertilization levels. …

Annual Report Of The Iowa Academy Of Science, 1993-94, Paul E. Rider

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Since 1976, annual reports have served as a continuing record of the activities of the Iowa Academy of Science and an archive for its history. These augment the 100 year IAS history written in the centennial year of 1975.

This report covers the period from July 1, 1993 to June 30, 1994. It is based on the official records of the Academy (committee reports, Board minutes, correspondence) as well as the recollections, impressions and thoughts of the author.

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Cover - Table Of Contents

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.