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- Karakaya Complex (5)
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Articles 31 - 47 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Dissaggregation Modelling Of Spring Discharges, Elena Kirilova Bojilova
Dissaggregation Modelling Of Spring Discharges, Elena Kirilova Bojilova
International Journal of Speleology
Disaggregation models are basically divided into three main groups: temporal, spatial and temporal-spatial. The focus of this paper is the application of temporal disaggregation models to disaggregate the seasonal flow in some large time intervals to sub-seasonal flows in some shorter time intervals. Two basic models are applied: the original model of Mejia and Rousselle and the corrected extended Lin model one-stage disaggregation. The flow totals from some karstic springs are used. Data for five springs in different areas of Bulgaria for the aims of the study are executed. The synthetic data generation for the chosen spring stations for a …
Geology And Structural Evolution Of The Tokat Massif (Eastern Pontides, Turkey), Ali̇ Yilmaz, Hüseyi̇n Yilmaz
Geology And Structural Evolution Of The Tokat Massif (Eastern Pontides, Turkey), Ali̇ Yilmaz, Hüseyi̇n Yilmaz
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Tokat Massif consists of a pre-Jurassic metamorphic complex that crops out widely between Amasya and Reşadiye in the western part of eastern Pontides, and which can be correlated with the Karakaya Complex of the western Pontides. This complex is named the Tokat Group, and is divided into two main units, namely, the Turhal Metamorphics and Devecidağ Mélange. The Turhal Metamorphics form a volcano-sedimentary sequence in the northern part of the Tokat Massif. The lower level of the formation is made up of gneiss, amphibolite and mica schists, whereas the upper part is represented by an alternation of mica schist, …
Impact Of Black Shale Weathering On Sediment Quality, G. M. Ogendi, R. E. Hannigan, Jerry L. Farris, D. Smith
Impact Of Black Shale Weathering On Sediment Quality, G. M. Ogendi, R. E. Hannigan, Jerry L. Farris, D. Smith
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Weathering of black shales leads to elevated metal concentrations in both surface water and stream sediments. In spite of the recent focus on black shales, few data exist on the ecological impacts of this process particularly on aquatic organisms. The key objective of this study was to determine the impact of trace metal concentrations in sediments upon aquatic organisms. To achieve the above objective, stream sediment samples were collected from streams draining black shale and limestone (used as a reference stream) lithologies located in central Arkansas between June 2003 and January 2004. Trace metal concentrations were measured by the dynamic …
The Problem Of The Core-Cover Boundary Of The Menderes Massif And An Emplacement Mechanism For Regionally Extensive Gneissic Granites, Western Anatolia (Turkey), Burhan Erdoğan, Tali̇p Güngör
The Problem Of The Core-Cover Boundary Of The Menderes Massif And An Emplacement Mechanism For Regionally Extensive Gneissic Granites, Western Anatolia (Turkey), Burhan Erdoğan, Tali̇p Güngör
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
In previous studies, the stratigraphy of the Menderes Massif was divided into a Precambrian core and Mesozoic cover associations, the core consisting of gneissic granites and high-grade schists and the cover of mica schists and platform-type marbles. It has also been proposed that the two associations are separated by an unconformity although nowhere is this relation clearly observed. In this study, the Bafa and Kavaklıdere areas in the southern part of the massif have been examined. In the Bafa area, Mesozoic mica schists with marble lenses occur in the lowermost parts of the sequence and are overlain, along a gradational …
Trace- And Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry Of The Karalar (Gazipaşa-Antalya) Barite-Galena Deposits, Southern Turkey, Gülcan Bozkaya, Ahmet Gökçe
Trace- And Rare-Earth Element Geochemistry Of The Karalar (Gazipaşa-Antalya) Barite-Galena Deposits, Southern Turkey, Gülcan Bozkaya, Ahmet Gökçe
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Karalar barite-galena deposits are typical examples of carbonate-hosted barite-galena deposits that occur widely in the central Taurides. Recent mining activity has been concentrated in the Büyük and Boyalık mine areas. The mineralisation occurs as ore veins along fault zones and as ore-filled breccia zones along the strongly deformed lower walls of limestone blocks in the Permian limestones of the Bıçkıcı Formation. These veins contain mainly barite (80-85%) and galena (10-15%), and lesser amounts of sphalerite, pyrite, fahlore, limonite, quartz and calcite as gangue minerals. Barite developed during an early episode of mineralisation and was mylonitised before the precipitation of …
Evolution Of Golpazari-Huyuk Karst System (Bilecik-Turkey): Indications Of Morpho-Tectonic Controls, Mehmet Ekmekci, Lütfü Nazik
Evolution Of Golpazari-Huyuk Karst System (Bilecik-Turkey): Indications Of Morpho-Tectonic Controls, Mehmet Ekmekci, Lütfü Nazik
International Journal of Speleology
The Golpazari-Huyuk karst system is located in the Central Sakarya Basin whose geomorphologic evolution is mainly controlled by the Post-Miocene epirogenic continental rise. Drastic change in the drainage pattern and dissection of the carbonate platform were the major consequences of this tectonic movement. Rapid incision of the Sakarya river changed the position of the erosion base which consequently distorted the direction of surface and subsurface flow. The Golpazari and Huyuk plains are two topographically distinct, flat bottomed geomorphic features separated by a carbonate rock relief. The difference in elevation between these 10 km distant plains is 350 m. Morphological, geological …
Paleocollapse Structures As Geological Record For Reconstruction Of Past Karst Processes During The Upper Miocene Of Mallorca Island, P. A. Robledo Ardila, J. J. Durán, L. Pomar
Paleocollapse Structures As Geological Record For Reconstruction Of Past Karst Processes During The Upper Miocene Of Mallorca Island, P. A. Robledo Ardila, J. J. Durán, L. Pomar
International Journal of Speleology
Paleocollapse structures and collapse breccias are one of the major features for paleokarst analysis and paleoclimate record. These are affecting the Llucmajor and Santanyí carbonate platforms. These platforms, of southern and eastern Mallorca respectively, are a good example of progradation reef platform in the western Mediterranean. The Santanyí platform is constituted of two sedimentary units, both affected by paleocollapse structures: (1) The Reef Complex attributed to the upper Tortonian-lower Messinian; (2) Santanyí Limestone attributed to the Messinian. There are abundant paleocollapse outcropping in the Reef Complex and Santanyí Limestone units. These structures have been produced by roof collapse of caverns …
Halitpaşa Transpressive Zone: Implications For An Early Pliocene Compressional Phase In Central Western Anatolia, Turkey, Orhan Kaya, Engi̇n Ünay, Gerçek Saraç, Silke Eichhorn, Sabine Hassenrück, Andrea Knappe, Asaf Pekdeğer, Serdar Mayda
Halitpaşa Transpressive Zone: Implications For An Early Pliocene Compressional Phase In Central Western Anatolia, Turkey, Orhan Kaya, Engi̇n Ünay, Gerçek Saraç, Silke Eichhorn, Sabine Hassenrück, Andrea Knappe, Asaf Pekdeğer, Serdar Mayda
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
The Late Cenozoic evolution of the eastern Aegean is dominated by widespread continental extension. The most prominent structures are E-W- and NE-SW-trending grabens and intervening horsts, while NW-SE- and N-S-trending faults form the other less important structures. This paper documents the results of recent geological mapping and structural and stratigraphical analysis from the Halitpaşa half graben, which forms the northwestern continuation of the Gediz Graben. Field evidence for a new NW-SE-trending dextral wrench-dominated fault zone (here named the Halitpaşa transpression zone), which involved the thrusting of pre-Palaeogene basement onto Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene sediments, is presented. The fault zone is correlated …
Geochemistry And Geochronology Of Orthogneisses In The Derbent (Alaşehir) Area, Eastern Part Of The Ödemiş-Kiraz Submassif, Menderes Massif: Pan-African Magmatic Activity, Ersi̇n Koralay, O. Özcan Dora, Fukun Chen, Muharrem Satir, Osman Candan
Geochemistry And Geochronology Of Orthogneisses In The Derbent (Alaşehir) Area, Eastern Part Of The Ödemiş-Kiraz Submassif, Menderes Massif: Pan-African Magmatic Activity, Ersi̇n Koralay, O. Özcan Dora, Fukun Chen, Muharrem Satir, Osman Candan
Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences
Pan-African basement rocks and the Palaeozoic cover series of the Menderes Massif are exposed around Derbent (Alaşehir) in the eastern part of the Ödemiş-Kiraz submassif. Garnet-mica schists of the Pan-African basement are intruded by the protoliths of orthogneisses and Triassic leucocratic orthogneisses. This study focuses on the geochronology and geochemistry of orthogneisses related to the Pan-African evolution of the Menderes Massif in latest Proterozoic time. Geochemical data suggest that the orthogneisses were derived from S-type, peraluminous, syn- to post-collisional granitoids of calc-alkaline affinity. Zircon grains from the orthogneisses, which are euhedral with typical igneous morphologies, were dated by the Pb-Pb …
Characterizing Bean Pod Rot In Arkansas And Missouri, Jeremy H. Taylor, Craig S. Rothrock
Characterizing Bean Pod Rot In Arkansas And Missouri, Jeremy H. Taylor, Craig S. Rothrock
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Green beans are an important crop grown for processing in both Arkansas and Missouri. Green beans are harvested mechanically using non-selective picking fingers. Harvested beans are then transported in bulk to processing plants that are located at various locations throughout the midSouth. Thus, the crop is managed for high quality, avoiding pod blemishes caused by insects and diseases. One of the consistent quality problems that affect Arkansas and Missouri green bean crops is pod rot. Two of the causal agents of pod rot that have been reported by researchers and vegetable companies alike are Pythium aphanidermatum and an unidentified Phytophthora …
Effects Of Vegetation Removal On Native Soil Quality In Eastern Arkansas, Lorena Moreno, Kristofor R. Brye
Effects Of Vegetation Removal On Native Soil Quality In Eastern Arkansas, Lorena Moreno, Kristofor R. Brye
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Aboveground vegetation removal practices, such as cutting and baling and burning, can both positively and negatively affect a prairie ecosystem. Burning can stimulate growth and species diversity, but removing vegetation and the nutrients it contains without equal replenishment of those nutrients could cause a steady decline in available soil nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of vegetation removal techniques in a native tallgrass prairie in eastcentral Arkansas. Soil samples were collected from the top 10 cm in each soil mapping unit that existed in each of three prairie areas that differed by the amount of …
The Distribution Of Radon Concentration In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna
The Distribution Of Radon Concentration In Caves, Arrigo A. Cigna
International Journal of Speleology
Radon concentration in caves is known to vary within an extremely wide range. Here the distribution of the average values of radon concentration is examined and a power law describing is identified, i.e. radon concentration has a fractal dimension D=1.26. This fact means that concentrations are not grouped around a mean value, a characteristic common to many other phenomena.
Influence Of Solar Luminosity Over Geomagnetic And Climatic Cycles As Derived From Speleothems, Y. Shopov, D. Stoykova, L. Tsankov, M. Sanabria, D. Georgieva, D. Ford, L. Georgiev
Influence Of Solar Luminosity Over Geomagnetic And Climatic Cycles As Derived From Speleothems, Y. Shopov, D. Stoykova, L. Tsankov, M. Sanabria, D. Georgieva, D. Ford, L. Georgiev
International Journal of Speleology
We observed cycles presented in a luminescent solar insolation proxy record from a speleothem from Jewel Cave, South Dakota, US. We found cycles of orbital precession with periods of 23 and 19 ka and of obliquity of 41 ka and many others from non-orbital origin in this sample. We determined the Solar origin of the cycles with durations of 11500, 4400, 3950, 2770, 2500, 2090, 1960, 1670, 1460, 1280, 1195, 1145, 1034, 935, 835, 750 and 610 years. It was done by their detection both in proxy records of speleothem luminescence, Δ14C and the intensity of the geomagnetic …
Activators Of Luminescence In Speleothems As Source Of Major Mistakes In Interpretation Of Luminescent Paleoclimatic Records, Y. Y. Shopov
Activators Of Luminescence In Speleothems As Source Of Major Mistakes In Interpretation Of Luminescent Paleoclimatic Records, Y. Y. Shopov
International Journal of Speleology
This work summarizes the main results of the operation of the International Program “Luminescence of Cave Minerals” of the commission on Physical Chemistry and Hydrogeology of Karst of UIS of UNESCO in the field of activators of speleothem luminescence. It discusses Activators of Luminescence in Speleothems as a source of major mistakes in the interpretation of luminescent paleoclimatic records. It demonstrates the existence of 6 types of luminescence of speleothems and cave minerals in dependence of the type of the luminescence center and its incorporation in the mineral. 24 different activators of photoluminescence of speleothem calcite and 11 of aragonite …
Surface Cover Infiltration Index: A Suggested Method To Assess Infiltration Capacity For Intrinsic Vulnerability In Karstic Areas In Absence Of Quantitative Data, Levent Tezcan, Mehmet Ekmekci
Surface Cover Infiltration Index: A Suggested Method To Assess Infiltration Capacity For Intrinsic Vulnerability In Karstic Areas In Absence Of Quantitative Data, Levent Tezcan, Mehmet Ekmekci
International Journal of Speleology
Karst is a hydrogeological environment of importance not only for its water resources potential but also for its scenic and economic potential, thereby increasing the intensity of human impact. The uniqueness of karst in this regard stems from its high sensitivity and vulnerability to imposed pressures and its distinctive response to these pressures. Therefore, a clear definition and formulation of the concept of ‘intrinsic vulnerability’ is essential for the design of vulnerability and/or management criteria of the karstic system as a resource. In this regard, the recharge rate, the amount of water passing through the unsaturated zone into the aquifer, …
Comparative Estimate Of Resistance To Drought For Selected Karstic Aquifers In Bulgaria, Tatiana Orehova
Comparative Estimate Of Resistance To Drought For Selected Karstic Aquifers In Bulgaria, Tatiana Orehova
International Journal of Speleology
Effective management of water resources requires adequate knowledge of groundwater system including the influence of climate variability and climate change. The drought of 1982-1994 in Bulgaria has led to important decrease of springflow and lowering of water levels. Therefore, groundwater demonstrated its vulnerability to drought. The purpose of this paper is to determine relative resistance of selected aquifers in Bulgaria to a prolonged decrease of recharge to groundwater. The drought resistance indicator has been defined for some karstic aquifers based on the method proposed in report of BRGM. The data from National Hydrogeological Network located in the National Institute of …
Cave Temperatures And Global Climatic Change, Giovanni Badino
Cave Temperatures And Global Climatic Change, Giovanni Badino
International Journal of Speleology
The physical processes that establish the cave temperature are briefly discussed, showing that cave temperature is generally strictly connected with the external climate. The Global Climatic changes can then influence also the underground climate. It is shown that the mountain thermal inertia causes a delay between the two climates and then a thermal unbalance between the cave and the atmosphere. As a consequence there is a net energy flux from the atmosphere to the mountain, larger than the geothermal one, which is deposited mainly in the epidermal parts of caves.