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Articles 1 - 30 of 90
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Optimizing A Passive Tracking Solar Panel System, Carsten Johnson
Optimizing A Passive Tracking Solar Panel System, Carsten Johnson
Scholars Day Conference
Renewable energy has been gaining attention from individuals to government agencies as the negative effects of fossil fuel usage has been realized. Solar power is a reliable and green alternative to fossil fuels. Solar power is harnessed through the direct absorption of rays from the sun. In this experiment, a passive sun-tracking system using a shape memory alloy (SMA), gears, and a fresnel lens rotated a solar panel to face the sun throughout the day. At the end of the day the system rotates the solar panel back to the east in preparation for the next day’s cycle to begin. …
Paul Feder Observatory Upgrades And Exoplanet And Variable Star Data, Mara Derung, Tanner Weyer, Emily Watson
Paul Feder Observatory Upgrades And Exoplanet And Variable Star Data, Mara Derung, Tanner Weyer, Emily Watson
Student Academic Conference
Before the upgrade to the dome and telescope, much of the work to use the telescope was done manually. One had to drive an hour round trip to the observatory at dusk and dawn to ensure that the telescope started up and shutdown properly. Proper startup included manually opening the lower dome flap via hand crank and briefly plugging in the top part of the dome to raise the upper slit. Shutting down the telescope during the summer required a person to be at the telescope by 5:00AM, before sunrise to make sure that the dome closed before the sun …
Optimizing Course Offerings In A Science Department, Yu Kay Law
Optimizing Course Offerings In A Science Department, Yu Kay Law
Academic Chairpersons Conference Proceedings
We will discuss how enrollment data and faculty/advisor input can be used to maximize schedule efficiency in course offerings and providing for student success. We will also discuss how best to monitor and rearrange course schedules in light of actual enrollment.
Dissipation In Global Simulations Of Accretion Disks, Catherine Gibson, Theodore Dezen Phd
Dissipation In Global Simulations Of Accretion Disks, Catherine Gibson, Theodore Dezen Phd
Research Month
Abstract: We perform general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic simulations to study the dynamics of and radiation from accretion onto stellar mass black holes. Recent theoretical work suggested magnetic torques exerted at the innermost stable circular orbit can drive significant bulk vertical energy transport in regions close to the black hole, and hence dissipate a larger fraction of accretion power near the photosphere compared to standard models. This additional heating in turn may lead to the non-thermal high-energy (into several hundred keVs) radiation observed in some systems. We analyze time-dependent global simulations to further assess the feasibility of such models and illuminate the …
Generating Light Curves From Simulated Active Galactic Nuclei Data, William Yuan
Generating Light Curves From Simulated Active Galactic Nuclei Data, William Yuan
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are growing supermassive black holes found at the centers of massive galaxies. My research involves gathering data by simulating the light emitted by AGN, and then plotting the simulated light in the form of light curves.
Where Are The Habitable Planets In Our Local Group Of Galaxies?, William C. Windsor
Where Are The Habitable Planets In Our Local Group Of Galaxies?, William C. Windsor
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
No abstract provided.
The Total Solar Eclipse Of 1869 In Iowa: What Remains Today, Jacob P. Baskin
The Total Solar Eclipse Of 1869 In Iowa: What Remains Today, Jacob P. Baskin
Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium
On August 7th, 1869, a total solar eclipse was visible in the United States. It carved a path through the heartland, nearly bisecting the state of Iowa as it ran from the northwest corner of the state, through Des Moines, and down through the southeast. As the scientists of the day flocked from universities and observatories on the east coast to the Midwest for a chance to make observations and measurements, many of the teams chose to set up in Iowa. Along the path of the eclipse, the parties built temporary observatories to house their telescopes, or simply picked buildings …
The Next Small Step, Samiya Henry
The Next Small Step, Samiya Henry
Undergraduate Research and Scholarship Symposium
As of right now, NASA and other space programs are estimating that by 2026, there will be people living in Space. Whether it be the Moon or Mars, one cannot have a functional society without a proper source of laws, especially since no one country has ownership over space. "One Small Step" will produce this source of laws, called the “Space Bill of Rights,” that will outline important matters like the trade of resources, medical care, government officials, and will ensure the preservation of our physical and figurative footsteps in space. This Space Bill of Rights is made up of …
The Solar Eclipse Of 1869 As Seen In Illinois, Indiana, And Kentucky, Trishyan Anthony
The Solar Eclipse Of 1869 As Seen In Illinois, Indiana, And Kentucky, Trishyan Anthony
Research in the Capitol
The Solar Eclipse of August 7th, 1869, was the first recorded total eclipse of the Sun to pass over the United States. The altitude of the eclipse varied depending on the longitude of the viewer. Wanting to know what was the public reaction of this solar eclipse gathering newspaper articles of the time really showed a window to what they were seeing and feeling at that time, and leading up to the day. Following the eclipse through some of the Midwest down to Kentucky showed differing results, as it had got later in the day of viewing. Though there was …
Classifying Quenching Galaxies: Comparing Methods, Joseph M. Hewa
Classifying Quenching Galaxies: Comparing Methods, Joseph M. Hewa
Tennessee Posters at the Capitol
Quenching galaxies are galaxies that are rapidly evolving from strongly star forming systems to galaxies with mostly old stars and low star formation rates. When identifying quenching galaxies, there are several methods in common use. Furthermore, there are several ways astronomers estimate the Star Formation Rate (SFR), in Solar Masses per year, and Stellar Mass (M*), in Solar Masses, of galaxies. For a large sample of galaxies, we used 6 derivations of M* and 4 for SFR, plotting them against each other for comparison. We also calculated and compared the specific SFR (sSFR), equal to SFR/M*, and compared the different …
A Note From The Co-Editors, Fayth Schutter
A Note From The Co-Editors, Fayth Schutter
Ideas: Exhibit Catalog for the Honors College Visiting Scholars Series
An introduction to the fourth issue of the third volume of Ideas Magazine, concerning the career and thoughts of Col. Richard Covey.
Developing A Practice In Remote Sensing For Next-Generation Human Rights Researchers, Theresa Harris, Jonathan Drake, Umesh K. Haritashya, Wumi Asubiaro Dada, Fredy Cumes
Developing A Practice In Remote Sensing For Next-Generation Human Rights Researchers, Theresa Harris, Jonathan Drake, Umesh K. Haritashya, Wumi Asubiaro Dada, Fredy Cumes
Biennial Conference: The Social Practice of Human Rights
Remote sensing is increasingly recognized as an important tool for documenting human rights abuses. When used alongside interviews, case studies, surveys, forensic science, and other well-established research methods in human rights and humanitarian practice, remotely sensed data can effectively geolocate and establish chronologies for mass graves, forced displacement, destruction of cultural heritage sites, and other violations. But as a highly technical field of science that relies on ever-changing technologies, remote sensing and geospatial analysis are not readily accessible for human rights and humanitarian practitioners. The community of practice grew out of innovative work by practitioners at NGOs and specialized inter-governmental …
Developing A Bytownite Calibration Curve As A Lunar Analogue, Trevor W. Matterson
Developing A Bytownite Calibration Curve As A Lunar Analogue, Trevor W. Matterson
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Planetary analogue materials are useful to help interpret and predict planetary processes on other planetary bodies that we cannot observe directly. Lunar analogue materials include terrestrial rocks and minerals with compositions and textures like those on the moon. This project investigates the lunar analogue mineral bytownite to quantify shock effects on the moon using strain related mosaicity determined through micro x-ray diffraction (µXRD). Calibrating strain information as a function of shock pressure for these minerals will enable us to extract peak shock pressures (in GPa) from naturally shocked materials, such as lunar meteorites and Apollo samples, using µXRD
Energy Requirements For Abiotic Production Of Phosphorous Compounds At The Ice-Schreibersite Interface, Lindsay M. Hicks
Energy Requirements For Abiotic Production Of Phosphorous Compounds At The Ice-Schreibersite Interface, Lindsay M. Hicks
Symposium of Student Scholars
Energy Requirements for Abiotic Production of Phosphorous Compounds at the
Ice-Schreibersite Interface
The Abbott-Lyon Lab is investigating the chemistry at the interface of simple ices and a meteoritic mineral analogue. Phosphorous is a key component of numerous biomolecules necessary for life. Lack of an abundance of biologically accessible mineral sources of phosphates on Earth, termed “The Phosphorous Problem,” has led some origin-of-life scientists to look to extraterrestrial sources like meteoritic metal phosphides as possible sources of available phosphates. Schreibersite (Fe2NiP) is a common mineral in iron meteorites and a plausible source of biologically accessible phosphorous. This study will …
382— Wiyn Open Cluster Study: Ubvri Photometry Of Ngc 2204, Kylie Snyder, Dante Scarazzini
382— Wiyn Open Cluster Study: Ubvri Photometry Of Ngc 2204, Kylie Snyder, Dante Scarazzini
GREAT Day Posters
The purpose of this project was to study the open star cluster NGC2204 using images taken at Kitt Peak National Observatory using the WIYN 0.9m telescope. These images were analyzed photometrically with the intention of determining the reddening, metallicity, age, and distance modulus of the star cluster. Each image was analyzed using software that determined the point spread function and applied that function to determine the magnitude of each star in that image. These magnitudes were taken for each filter, UBVRI, and then combined and averaged to create a single catalog. Standard stars, taken on the same night, were used …
287— The X-Ray Afterglows Of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts, Sarah Popp
287— The X-Ray Afterglows Of Short Gamma-Ray Bursts, Sarah Popp
GREAT Day Posters
Light curves of the X-ray afterglow from 81 short gamma-ray bursts, from 2005 to 2018, were obtained from the Swift/XRT catalog. The light curves were fit with single power-law and double-power law models using the emcee library in Python and sorted into three groups: bursts well fit by a single power-law, bursts well fit by a double power-law, and bursts not well fit by either. Filters were applied to each category to identify bursts with a steep decay or a plateau. Once these unusual bursts were identified, their properties (duration, flux, fluence, and hardness) were compared to those of the …
029— Calculating Gravitational Waves In A Black Hole Binary System, Nami Nishimura
029— Calculating Gravitational Waves In A Black Hole Binary System, Nami Nishimura
GREAT Day Posters
Our ultimate goal is to compute the gravitational waves in an extreme mass-ratio binary system. Since gravitational perturbations are difficult to calculate, we model the compact object as a point carrying a scalar charge q and moving around a spinning black holes.
In this project, we take advantage of symmetry under rotation around the spin axis in order to separate φ variables and leverage the periodicity of the source to separate t variable with a Fourier series. The remaining differential equations will be solved numerically with an appropriate discretization considering a grid of points in r-θ plane
Monitoring The Night Sky For Iceact, Andre Sierra Alderete, John W. Hewitt, Warren Huelsnitz
Monitoring The Night Sky For Iceact, Andre Sierra Alderete, John W. Hewitt, Warren Huelsnitz
Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)
The neutral subatomic neutrinos are astronomical messengers that can provide us information to investigate the most violent astrophysical sources: supernovas, gamma-ray bursts, and cataclysmic phenomena involving black holes and neutron stars. As these astrophysical neutrinos freely travel from their point of origin without being scattered by interstellar magnetic fields, we can analyze these particles by observing cosmic-ray air showers on the Earth’s atmosphere. These are produced by the energetic neutrinos by interacting with the air particles that produce a wavefront of Cherenkov radiation. To better identify these background neutrinos, IceCube, the South Pole Neutrino Observatory, constructed an imaging air Cherenkov …
Gamma Rays From Massive Star Clusters G25 & G27, Abagael Barba, John W. Hewitt
Gamma Rays From Massive Star Clusters G25 & G27, Abagael Barba, John W. Hewitt
Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)
Project of Merit Winner
Cosmic rays have baffled astronomers for over a century, as all potential origins have yet to be determined. Most of these galactic accelerated atomic nuclei are thought to be created in two possible fashions: from a supernova, or within a massive star cluster (MSC). In this study, we analyzed gamma-ray emission coincident with two MSCs named G25 and G27. Using NASA’s Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), we confirmed that the sources of gamma rays are spatially extended and emit up to the maximum energies observed by the LAT. So far, only the closest MSC to Earth …
Determining The Origins Of Helix Glitches In Ligo’S H1 Detector, Kara Shepard
Determining The Origins Of Helix Glitches In Ligo’S H1 Detector, Kara Shepard
Honors Scholars & Undergraduate Research Poster Symposium Programs
The LIGO detectors are ultra-sensitive, making them susceptible to glitches from the noise that can block gravitational wave signals. In order to reduce the number of glitches that occur in the detector, the cause of the glitches must be found. I am researching the Helix glitch to try and determine its origin. This is accomplished by studying the times at which the glitch occurred in the detector and then looking for factors that may have caused a glitch to happen around the same time, to see if there are any correlations.
Applying The Optimal Estimation Method For Retrieving Rayleigh-Scatter Lidar Temperatures In The Mesosphere, Jonathan Price, Robert Sica, Ali Jalali
Applying The Optimal Estimation Method For Retrieving Rayleigh-Scatter Lidar Temperatures In The Mesosphere, Jonathan Price, Robert Sica, Ali Jalali
Utah Space Grant Consortium
The Rayleigh-scatter lidar (RSL) system at the Atmospheric Lidar Observatory at Utah State University (ALO-USU) provided a rich database of absolute temperatures throughout the mesosphere from 45 km to above 90 km between 1993 and 2004. Recently, a new method for retrieving absolute temperatures from RSL observations has been developed by a group at the University of Western Ontario (UWO), Canada. The Optimal Estimation Method (OEM) uses machine learning to minimize a cost function by optimizing the temperature parameter in a forward model, in our case the lidar equation, to RSL data. This optimization provides some benefits over the existing …
Extreme Ultraviolet Application Of Carbon Nanotube Structures, Scott Olsen, Richard Vanfleet, David Allred, Steve Turley
Extreme Ultraviolet Application Of Carbon Nanotube Structures, Scott Olsen, Richard Vanfleet, David Allred, Steve Turley
Utah Space Grant Consortium
Windows for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) sources are challenging because of the lack of transparent materials in these wavelengths. Thus, differential pumping apertures and slits are standard. Our group has developed a carbon nanotube (CNT) window consisting of a dense array of square holes. The open area allows a large range of wavelengths to be transmitted, and the high density of holes restricts gas flow, allowing a large pressure difference with differential pumping. The versatility of CNTs allows us to select the peak transmission and pressure ratio (low/high). We have observed pressure ratios of 0.000924, 0.000667, 0.000494, and 0.00118 for air …
Great Salt Lake Halophilic Archaea As A Model For Possible Extant Life On Mars, Alex J. Breda, Michael J. Regan Jr.
Great Salt Lake Halophilic Archaea As A Model For Possible Extant Life On Mars, Alex J. Breda, Michael J. Regan Jr.
Utah Space Grant Consortium
Expansive evaporite mineral deposits and other geological features on Mars are evidence of ancient lacustrine systems before the planet experienced global climatic change (~3.5 Ga). On Mars, as the surface water dried up, hypersaline lakes would have filled the ancient lake basins. On Earth, the Bonneville Basin, in the western United States, tells a similar story in a more recent timeframe. Today, the bottom of this basin is the modern Great Salt Lake (GSL) and the Bonneville Salt Flats. Evaporation of this freshwater lake left large evaporitic mineral deposits that continually supply salt to modern GSL. Parts of the lake …
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Based Heat Exchanger On The Martian, Sarah Guinn
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Based Heat Exchanger On The Martian, Sarah Guinn
Discovery Day - Prescott
The use of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) in power cycles has been fairly new in the last decade. Due to this, there is a lack in research for both terrestrial and extraterrestrial applications. The purpose of this project is to utilize sCO2 as a working fluid and design and optimize a Brayton Cycle based heat exchanger on the Martian surface. Due to the lack of water on Mars, this research will provide a stronger analysis of planetary based drycooling processes in low atmospheric pressure and colder temperatures. We have been conducting an in-depth analysis of the heat exchanger by modeling …
Gravitational Wave Calibration Error For Supernovae Core Collapse, Brad Ratto
Gravitational Wave Calibration Error For Supernovae Core Collapse, Brad Ratto
Discovery Day - Prescott
The existence of gravitational waves reveals yet another method in which information is transmitted across the cosmos, bringing with it further insight into the inner workings of our universe. In order to detect such phenomena, we use ground based Laser Interferometers to measure the microscopic deformations in space-time and explore a new frontier in gravitational astronomy. However, such instrumentation also induces distortions in the gravitational waves henceforth diminishing the ability to extract accurate physical information. Moreover, the ability to extract a coherent signal amongst the noise remains an issue that requires constant improvement. The aim of this study is to …
Extended Gamma Analysis Of Snr G330.2 + 1.0, Abagael Barba, John W. Hewitt
Extended Gamma Analysis Of Snr G330.2 + 1.0, Abagael Barba, John W. Hewitt
Showcase of Osprey Advancements in Research and Scholarship (SOARS)
Analyzing gamma rays is an important aspect of modern astronomy and astrophysics, for they are the most powerful bands of energy on the electromagnetic spectrum. Comprehending gamma rays allows for deeper understanding of countless phenomena within our universe, such as cosmic rays. Cosmic rays are high energy particles thought to be formed via extremely violent explosions within our universe. These accelerated particles mirror conditions present in a supernova. A supernova is what occurs when a star at least 8 times as massive as our sun reaches the end of its lifespan and bursts. These explosions are the most powerful events …
P-13 Astronomy From Ripples In Spacetime, Tiffany Summerscales
P-13 Astronomy From Ripples In Spacetime, Tiffany Summerscales
Celebration of Research and Creative Scholarship
The LIGO and Virgo detectors have made a total of 11 confirmed measurements of gravitational waves, the faint ripples in the fabric of spacetime predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity. Ten of these gravitational wave events were caused by the inspiral, collision, and merging of a pair of black holes and the remaining event by a pair of neutron stars. These measurements have helped us learn about the objects that produced the gravitational waves. Regular candidate detections are now shared in real time with both astronomers and the public.
Investigating Fourier Coefficient Relationships Of Cepheid Variable Stars, Forrest Cronin, Siobahn Morgan
Investigating Fourier Coefficient Relationships Of Cepheid Variable Stars, Forrest Cronin, Siobahn Morgan
Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium
Cepheid stars are valuable due to their usefulness in determining distances within our galaxy, and to other galaxies. Cepheid stars’ light variation can be parameterized using a Fourier series with coefficients Ai and ��i . Fourier coefficients have been shown to have trends linked to physical characteristics of Cepheids and RR Lyrae stars, such as luminosity, radius, pulsation modes and metallicity. Using data from the OGLE III and IV surveys, we determined relationships between Fourier coefficients in different photometric system and observed the influence of metallicity on the Cepheids in the Small Magellanic Cloud and the Large Magellanic Cloud. The …
An Automated Spectrogoniometer System With Planetary Science Applications, Kathleen Hoza
An Automated Spectrogoniometer System With Planetary Science Applications, Kathleen Hoza
Scholars Week
Reflectance spectroscopy is a major technique for characterizing the composition of planetary surfaces, and has led to key findings such as the characterization of alteration minerals indicative of an aqueous, neutral-pH environment in Mars’ past. When a reflectance spectrometer collects data, it does so at some viewing geometry, which is defined by the angular relationships between the light source illuminating the surface, the target material, and the detector. In the lab, this is usually at a standard viewing geometry (e.g. incidence=0, emission=30). In situ measurements taken by spacecraft, however, may be taken at a wide range of viewing geometries. This …
Using Atran Telluric Correction To Investigate The 3Μm-Region, Lucas Trent Mcclure
Using Atran Telluric Correction To Investigate The 3Μm-Region, Lucas Trent Mcclure
EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement
Small-bodies of the Solar System, such as asteroids, provide an abundant amount of information about planetary formation and evolution. In particular, the characterization of asteroids is vital to understanding the distribution and abundance of water throughout the Solar System. Recent findings in asteroid spectroscopy have provided evidence for the surface presence of water-ice and hydroxide, likely due to silicates on asteroid surfaces interacting with H+ ions from the solar wind. To investigate surface hydration, astronomers analyze the 3µm region, where an absorption feature is exhibited. Atmospheric water, however, affects the quality of the data around this particular region, but …