Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 151 - 164 of 164
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Age Of The Inner Halo Globular Cluster Ngc 6652, Brian Chaboyer, Ata Sarajedini, Taft E. Armandroff
The Age Of The Inner Halo Globular Cluster Ngc 6652, Brian Chaboyer, Ata Sarajedini, Taft E. Armandroff
Dartmouth Scholarship
Hubble Space Telescope (V, I) photometry has been obtained for the inner halo globular cluster NGC 6652. The photometry reaches ~4 mag below the turnoff and includes a well-populated horizontal branch. This cluster is located close to the Galactic center, at RGC 2.0 kpc, with a reddening of E(V-I) = 0.15 ± 0.02, and has a metallicity of [Fe/H] -0.85. Based upon ΔV, NGC 6652 is 11.7 ± 1.6 Gyr old. Using ΔV, precise differential ages for 47 Tuc (a thick disk globular cluster), M107, and NGC …
The Pulsation Properties Of Procyon A, Brian Chaboyer, P. Demarque, D. B. Guenther
The Pulsation Properties Of Procyon A, Brian Chaboyer, P. Demarque, D. B. Guenther
Dartmouth Scholarship
A grid of stellar evolution models for Procyon A has been calculated. These models include the best physics available to us (including the latest opacities and equation of state) and are based on the revised astrometric mass of Girard et al. Models were calculated with helium diffusion and with the combined effects of helium and heavy-element diffusion. Oscillation frequencies for l = 0, 1, 2, and 3 p-modes and the characteristic period spacing for the g-modes were calculated for these models. We find that g-modes are sensitive to model parameters that effect the structure of the core, …
Large‐Scale Power Spectrum And Cosmological Parameters From Sfi Peculiar Velocities, Wolfram Freudling, Idit Zehavi, Luiz N. Da Costa, Avishai Dekel, Amiram Eldar, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner, Saleem Zaroubi
Large‐Scale Power Spectrum And Cosmological Parameters From Sfi Peculiar Velocities, Wolfram Freudling, Idit Zehavi, Luiz N. Da Costa, Avishai Dekel, Amiram Eldar, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner, Saleem Zaroubi
Dartmouth Scholarship
We estimate the power spectrum of mass density fluctuations from peculiar velocities of galaxies by applying an improved maximum likelihood technique to the new all-sky SFI catalog. Parametric models are used for the power spectrum and the errors, and the free parameters are determined by assuming Gaussian velocity fields and errors and maximizing the probability of the data given the model. It has been applied to generalized cold dark matter (CDM) models with and without COBE normalization. The method has been carefully tested using artificial SFI catalogs. The most likely distance errors are found to be similar to the original …
Gravitational Waves From Collapsing Vacuum Domains, Marcelo Gleiser, Ronald Roberts
Gravitational Waves From Collapsing Vacuum Domains, Marcelo Gleiser, Ronald Roberts
Dartmouth Scholarship
The breaking of an approximate discrete symmetry, the final stages of a first order phase transition, or a postinflationary biased probability distribution for scalar fields are possible cosmological scenarios characterized by the presence of unstable domain wall networks. Combining analytical and numerical techniques, we show that the nonspherical collapse of these domains can be a powerful source of gravitational waves. We compute their contribution to the stochastic background of gravitational radiation and explore their observability by present and future gravitational wave detectors.
The Motions Of Clusters Of Galaxies And The Dipoles Of The Peculiar Velocity Field, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner
The Motions Of Clusters Of Galaxies And The Dipoles Of The Peculiar Velocity Field, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner
Dartmouth Scholarship
In preceding papers of this series, TF relations for galaxies in 24 clusters with radial velocities between 1000 and 9200 km s-1 (SCI sample) were obtained, a Tully-Fisher (TF) template relation was constructed, and mean offsets of each cluster with respect to the template were obtained. Here, an estimate of the line-of-sight peculiar velocities of the clusters and their associated errors are given. It is found that cluster peculiar velocities in the cosmic microwave background reference frame do not exceed 600 km s-1 and that their distribution has a line-of-sight dispersion of 300 km s-1, suggesting …
Cluster Versus Field Elliptical Galaxies And Clues On Their Formation, Mariangela Bernardi, Alvio Renzini, Luiz N. Da Costa, Gary Wegner
Cluster Versus Field Elliptical Galaxies And Clues On Their Formation, Mariangela Bernardi, Alvio Renzini, Luiz N. Da Costa, Gary Wegner
Dartmouth Scholarship
Using new observations for a sample of 931 early-type galaxies, we investigate whether the Mg2-σ0 relation shows any dependence on the local environment. The galaxies have been assigned to three different environments depending on the local overdensity (clusters, groups, and field); we used our complete redshift database to guide the assignment of galaxies. It is found that cluster, group, and field early-type galaxies follow almost identical Mg2-σ0 relations, with the largest Mg2 zero-point difference (clusters minus field) being only 0.007±0.002 mag. No correlation of the residuals is found with the morphological type or …
Flows On Scales Of 150 Mpc?, K. R. Müller, W. Freudling, R. Watkins, G. Wegner
Flows On Scales Of 150 Mpc?, K. R. Müller, W. Freudling, R. Watkins, G. Wegner
Dartmouth Scholarship
In order to investigate the reality of large-scale streaming motion on scales of up to 150 Mpc, we have studied the peculiar motions of ~200 early-type galaxies in three directions of the South Equatorial Strip at distances out to ~20,000 km s-1. The new Automatic Plate Measuring Facility South Equatorial Strip Catalog (-175<δ<+25) was used to select the sample of field galaxies in three directions: (1) 15h10m-16h10m; (2) 20h30m-21h50m; (3) 00h10m-01h30m. New R-band CCD photometry and spectroscopic data for the galaxies are used. The fundamental plane distance-indicator …
Peculiar Velocity Dipoles Of Field Galaxies, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Wolfram Freudling, Luiz N. Da Costa, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner
Peculiar Velocity Dipoles Of Field Galaxies, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Wolfram Freudling, Luiz N. Da Costa, John J. Salzer, Gary Wegner
Dartmouth Scholarship
The Tully-Fisher (TF) relation is applied to obtain peculiar velocities of field spiral galaxies and to calculate dipoles of the peculiar velocity field to cz8000 km s-1. The field galaxy sample is spatially coextensive with and completely independent of a cluster sample, for which dipole characteristics are given in a separate paper. Dipoles of the peculiar velocity field are obtained separately by applying (1) an inverse version of the TF relation and selecting galaxies by redshift windowing and (2) a direct TF relation, with velocities corrected for the inhomogeneous Malmquist bias and windowing galaxies by TF distance. …
The Century Survey: A Deeper Slice Of The Universe, Margaret J. Geller, Michael J. Kurtz, Gary Wegner, John R. Thorstensen
The Century Survey: A Deeper Slice Of The Universe, Margaret J. Geller, Michael J. Kurtz, Gary Wegner, John R. Thorstensen
Dartmouth Scholarship
The "Century Survey" (CS hereafter) is a complete redshift survey of a 1° wide strip. It covers 0.03 steradians to a limiting mR = 16.13. The survey is 98.4% complete and contains 1762 galaxies. Large-scale features in the survey are qualitatively similar to those in other surveys: there are large voids surrounded or nearly surrounded by thin dense regions which are sections of structures like (and including) the Great Wall. The survey crosses the classical Corona Borealis supercluster. The galaxy density enhancement associated with this system extends for <˜100h-1 Mpc-1 (the Hubble constant is H0 = 100h …
The I Band Tully-Fisher Relation For Cluster Galaxies: Data Presentation., Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Terry Herter, Nicole P. Vogt, Gary Wegner, John J. Salzer, Luiz N. Da Costa, Wolfram Freudling
The I Band Tully-Fisher Relation For Cluster Galaxies: Data Presentation., Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Terry Herter, Nicole P. Vogt, Gary Wegner, John J. Salzer, Luiz N. Da Costa, Wolfram Freudling
Dartmouth Scholarship
Observational parameters which can be used for redshift-independent distance determination using the Tully-Fisher (TF) technique are given for 782 spiral galaxies in the fields of 24 clusters or groups. I band photometry for the full sample was either obtained by us or compiled from published literature. Rotational velocities are derived either from 21 cm spectra or optical emission line long--slit spectra, and converted to a homogeneous scale. In addition to presenting the data, a discussion of the various sources of error on TF parameters is introduced, and the criteria for the assignment of membership to each cluster are given.
Far-Ultraviolet Absorption Lines In The Remnant Of Sn 1006, Chi-Chao Wu, D. Michael Crenshaw, Andrew J. S. Hamilton, Robert A. Fesen
Far-Ultraviolet Absorption Lines In The Remnant Of Sn 1006, Chi-Chao Wu, D. Michael Crenshaw, Andrew J. S. Hamilton, Robert A. Fesen
Dartmouth Scholarship
We have obtained a far-ultraviolet spectrum (1150-1600 Å) of a hot subdwarf star behind the remnant of supernova 1006 with the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. The high-quality spectrum is used to test previous identifications of the strong absorption features discovered with the International Ultraviolet Explorer. These features have FWHM = 4000 (±300) km s-1 and are not at the rest wavelengths of known interstellar lines, as opposed to the broader (~8000 km s-1 FWHM) Fe II lines from the remnant centered at 0 km s-1 in near-UV FOS spectra. We …
The Mass Distribution In The Nearby Universe, Luiz N. Da Costa, Wolfram Freudling, Gary Wegner, Riccardo Giovanelli
The Mass Distribution In The Nearby Universe, Luiz N. Da Costa, Wolfram Freudling, Gary Wegner, Riccardo Giovanelli
Dartmouth Scholarship
We present a new reconstruction of the mass density and the peculiar velocity fields in the nearby universe using recent measurements of Tully-Fisher distances for a sample of late spirals. We find significant differences between our reconstructed fields and those obtained in earlier work: overdensities tend to be more compact while underdense regions, consisting of individual voids, are more abundant. Our results suggest that voids observed in redshift surveys of galaxies represent real voids in the underlying matter distribution. While we detect a bulk velocity of ~300 km s-1, within a top-hat window 6000 km s-1 in …
A Test Of The Lauer-Postman Bulk Flow, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Gary Wegner, Luiz N. Da Costa
A Test Of The Lauer-Postman Bulk Flow, Riccardo Giovanelli, Martha P. Haynes, Gary Wegner, Luiz N. Da Costa
Dartmouth Scholarship
We use Tully-Fisher distances for a sample of field late spiral galaxies to test the Lauer & Postman result suggestive of a bulk flow with respect to the cosmic microwave background reference frame, of amplitude of +689 km s-1 in the direction l = 343°, b = +52°. A total of 432 galaxies are used, subdivided between two cones, of 30° semiaperture each and pointed toward the apex and antapex of the LP motion, respectively. The peculiar velocities in the two data sets are inconsistent with a bulk flow of the amplitude claimed by Lauer & Postman. When combined …
Determination Of Malmquist Bias And Selection Effects From Monte Carlo Simulations, Wolfram Freudling, Luiz N. Da Costa, Gary Wegner, Riccardo Giovanelli
Determination Of Malmquist Bias And Selection Effects From Monte Carlo Simulations, Wolfram Freudling, Luiz N. Da Costa, Gary Wegner, Riccardo Giovanelli
Dartmouth Scholarship
Maps of the peculiar velocity field derived from distance relations are affected by Malmquist type bias and selection effects. Because of the large number of interdependent effects, they are in most cases difficult to treat analytically. Monte Carlo simulations are used to understand and evaluate these effects. In these simulations the "true" spatial distribution and relevant properties of galaxies as well as selection effects and observational uncertainties are realistically modeled. The results of the simulation can be directly applied to correct observed peculiar velocity maps. The simulation is used to investigate biases in samples of measured peculiar velocities by Lynden-Bell …