Sports Sciences Commons^™

Does Strength Training Decrease The Risk Of Sports Related Knee Injury?, Zachary J. Noll, Quin W. Buob

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The knee is the most common joint affected by sports-related injuries, with approximately 2.5 million cases treated annually in the US alone, alongside 2 million worldwide ACL repairs. Among athletes engaged in contact sports like football, soccer, basketball, and volleyball, ACL tears are the primary injury concern. In non-contact sports, particularly running, meniscus tears are commonly experienced. A notable 23% of college athletes encounter knee injuries to varying degrees. Many risk factors have been identified including patient sex, activity type, and body composition, justifying the need for individualized preventive measures.

Various strength training protocols have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the …

Short-Term Effects Of Caffeine Supplementation On Cardiac Dynamics And Anaerobic Strength Output In Collegiate Male Athletes, Tyler Clum, Katelyn Messner, Alyssa Jagger, Caeden Gurganus, Kylie Miller, Rema Suniga

ONU Student Research Colloquium

ABSTRACT. Caffeine, a widely consumed drug, has been shown to significantly increase heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (Geethavani et al., 2014), but had only insignificant changes in these cardiovascular measurements (Alhabeeb et al., 2022); while Matsumara and his colleagues (2023) reported that caffeine decreased 100-meter sprint times indicating that caffeine may improve anaerobic performance. The current study investigated the short-term effects of caffeine on heart rate (HR, beats per minute), blood pressure (mmHg), and 20-yard sprint performance time (seconds; Dashr Sprint Timing System). These parameters were measured in triplicate before and at 45-minutes after caffeine supplementation at a dose …

Body Mass Index Of Male And Female Athletes At Onu From 2000-2023, Sydney Kilgore, Hunter King, Scott Swanson

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Title: Body Mass Index of Male and Female Athletes at ONU from 2000-2023

Introduction/Background:

Body Mass Index (BMI) is a quick and simple measurement examining the ratio of body mass to height. Many athletes are larger than their non-athlete counterparts due to increased muscle mass and may have elevated BMI’s. The NCAA’s Division III has the largest number of athletes (>200,000 participants) and comprises nearly 40% of all the athletes in the three NCAA athletic Divisions. Despite the number of athletes participating in Division III athletics, little is known about their overall physical characteristics and BMI.

Purpose:

Determine …

Hhp-3 Comparing Fitness Data Of Cadets In South Carolina To The General Population: A Pilot Study, Justen Chatman, Ming-Chi Sung, Matthew Brisebois

SC Upstate Research Symposium

BACKGROUND: To prepare for physically challenging environments, it is expected that military personnel achieve higher levels of physical fitness than the general population. The recent COVID-19 pandemic impacted physical activity levels among many of America’s youth, and thus, new recruits may be entering military service with lower fitness levels. It is also unknown how fitness levels of army cadets in upstate South Carolina compare to the general population. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to compare anthropometric and fitness variables of army cadets from upstate South Carolina to data from the general population. METHODS: A sample of 22 …

Pilot Study Using Sideline Hand-Grip Dynamometry To Assess Strength Changes In A High School Baseball Season: A Feasibility Study, Thomas Munro, Jason D. Yoderq, Brian R. Lee, Brian S. Harvey

Research Days

Background: Upper extremity injuries are common in baseball players. Objective measurements could assist in determining early signs of fatigue before injury occurs. Using HGD to measure strength changes may help identify early signs in the injury process. To our knowledge, HGD has not been tested on high school baseball players in the sideline setting. It is feasible to perform hand-grip dynamometry on-site at the high school level and HGD measurements will change throughout the season in varsity baseball athletes. Secondary aim: Asses HGD measurement in the context of injury/pain/fatigue/pitching.

Objectives/Goal: It is feasible to perform hand-grip dynamometry on-site at the …

Speed, Agility And Power Potential Of Young Basketball Players, Denis Causevic, Semir Masic, Ivor Doder, Kestutis Matulaitis, Seth Spicer, Ahmed Gawash

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background. As basketball constantly evolves, physical performance becomes more and more important. Physical fitness assessments are the most reliable way to find out at what level a basketball player is prepared to perform. Therefore, the main aim of this research was to determine if the speed, agility and power of under-16-year- old (U16) basketball players is related to their playing positions.

Methods. The study included (n = 40) young basketball (aged 14.99 ± 0.84 years) players. The variables included height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass (FFM), the percentage of body fat (BF%), the counter movement jump (CMJ), …

Body Composition Of Young Soccer Players, Denis Causevic, Seth Spicer, Ahmed Gawash

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to examine and analyze the body composition of young soccer players across different age groups.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 126 young soccer players divided by age categories U15 – 53 players (age=14.68±0.47); U17 – 51 players (age=16.47±0.50); U19 – 22 players (age=18.05±0.38). Body height for all subjects was measured by anthropometer, while body composition was measured by digital scale TANITA BC-420MA.

Results: On average, soccer players in the U-15 group had significantly lower body height, weight, body mass index, and fat free mass than U-17 and U-19 players …

The Effects Of Post-Warm-Up Recovery Time On Swim Performance, Samantha Loudermilk '23

Senior Research Symposium

Competitive swimmers are faced with a range of post-warm-up recovery times (PWRTs) during competitions. Previous exercise science literature suggests that the optimal PWRT is between 8-20 minutes. However, research specific to competitive swimmers has focused on comparisons to longer PWRTs. Further, there is limited research comparing multiple PWRTs, especially PWRTs less than 20 minutes. PURPOSE To investigate the impact of PWRTs ranging from 5-20 minutes prior to swim performance. METHODS Baseline heart rate and core temperature were estimated at the start of each session. Swimmers then completed a standardized swim warm-up. Measures of heart rate (HR), skin temperature (ST), and …

Agreeability Of Actigraph And Activpal 4™ Measures Of Vigorous Activity, Hannah Sandstrom, Barry Francis, Alyssa Thomas, Sthefany Diaz Orduz, Bre Mcdonald, Sophia Ramirez

Symposium of Student Scholars

Key Words: Accelerometry, activPal 4™, ActiGraph, RPE, HR

Introduction: Wearable technologies are consistently used in research to track physical activity and study how it can improve overall health. ActiGraph and activPal are research-grade accelerometers that track activity levels of all intensities in humans. ActivPal has recently improved its technology to measure vigorous activity more accurately to be consistent with the gold standard Actigraph measures. The purpose of this study is to test the agreeability between the vigorous activity measures of the ActiGraph and activPal 4™ devices. Methods: Regular exercisers are being recruited from the KSU Department of Exercise Science and …

Correlation Between Quadriceps And Hamstring Isokinetic Strength To Ball Velocity During A Soccer Kick, Maggie L. Plouff, Miah L. Busse, Mikayla J. Pieper, Brady Ferguson, Aaron M. Baker

Research & Creative Achievement Day

When kicking a soccer ball, large forces are generated by the quadriceps and hamstring muscles that extend and flex the knee. The angular acceleration[GJR1] at this joint and the torques produced are[GJR2] related.

PURPOSE: The goal of this pilot study was to explore the relationship between isokinetic strength[GJR3] of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles to velocity of a kicked soccer ball and determine if isokinetic testing of quadriceps and hamstring strength can predict soccer ball velocity during a kick.

Methods: Four female NCAA Division II soccer athletes completed maximal effort knee flexion and extension at three isokinetic speeds, 60°/second, …

Influence Of Ground Reaction Forces And Joint Velocities On Kicking Velocity, Miah L. Busse, Maggie L. Plouff, Brady Ferguson

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Introduction: Kicking is a vital component in the game of soccer. One major factor that influences the success of a scoring attempt is ball velocity. Ground reaction force (GRF) and joint velocities of the lower extremities are variables of interest for increasing kicking velocity. Previous studies have shown exercise programs used to strengthen the muscles used in kicking have been successful in increasing kicking velocity (Manolopoulos, et al., 2013).[GJR1] To date, no known studies have analyzed the specific relationship between GRF, joint velocity and kicking velocity.

Purpose: The goal of this pilot study was to analyze the influence of ground …

Iliotibial Band Syndrome: Risk Factors, Treatment And Practical Implication To Military Training, Trinton Robinson

INSPIRE Student Research and Engagement Conference

To investigate the causes and treatments of ITBS and suggest the implementation into military physical training practices.

Es-03 The Effects Of A Warmup Protocol Involving The Nordic Hamstring Exercise On Vertical Squat Jump Performance And Peak Muscular Activation, Reagan Hunter, Jeff Barfield

SC Upstate Research Symposium

Background: Vertical jumping is one of the most popular ways of assessing athleticism and power output of the lower body in both professional and recreational sport settings. Therefore, having access to an appropriate warmup protocol for enhancing this skill and the power output associated with it is essential for athletes whose success depends on the ability to perform it. Current literature demonstrates similar posterior kinetic chain muscle engagement during the vertical squat jump and during an exercise called the Nordic Hamstring Curl. The literature additionally demonstrates significant effects on strength and athleticism when the exercise is used in long-term training …

Changes In Brain Oxygenation Of Rugby Players With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury During Match Play, Katherine Hermsen

Three Minute Thesis (3MT®) at UNI

Currently, concussions cannot be diagnosed by using imaging or laboratory tests. They can only be diagnosed by examining a patient and determining what their symptoms are compared to the symptoms that were or were not experienced before the patient was injured. If functional near-infrared spectroscopy can accurately detect the changes in brain hemodynamics after mild traumatic brain injury, it would allow athletic trainers and other health care professionals the ability to provide a more concrete diagnosis for the patient. This is significant as the frequency of sport-related concussions has been increasing, along with the possible long-term effects that are associated …

Características De La Composición Corporal Asociadas A La Fuerza Prensil Manual En Niños Y Adolescentes. Una Revisión De Alcance, Javier Martínez Torres, Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo Phd, Jaime Gallo-Villegas Phd

AMNET Conferencia Internacional

No abstract provided.

A Content Analysis Of Anti-Doping Sciences And Interventions, Yuan Wang

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

No abstract provided.

Return To Sport Following Closed Reduction Of Acute Traumatic Posterior Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocations: A Systematic Review, Seungkyu Park, Joseph Galvin, Matthew Nowak, Jordan Damschen

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Acute traumatic posterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint dislocation is a serious injury given its potential to cause cardiovascular and airway compromise that typically will require emergent closed reduction. Posterior SC joint dislocations are usually caused by a high energy mechanism. Typical treatment involves closed reduction followed by observation. There is limited data on the rate of return to sport following this injury pattern when treated in a closed fashion.

Can Functional Tests Predict Throwing Velocity Or Batting-Exit Velocity In Division Iii Collegiate Baseball: A Predictive Validity Investigation, Lucas Stetter, Luigi Russo

Student Symposium

Understanding the relationships between functional performance tests and actual sport performance is important for sport coaches and trainers. The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) Do relationships exist between upper body, lower body or whole-body tests of strength and power with throwing or batting velocity (2) Which variable or group of variables best predict the sport-specific tasks of throwing and batting velocity.

The Effects Of Exercise And Nursing Care On Postpartum Depression, Greyson Whaley

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Abstract

Introduction and Background: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020), “postpartum depression is depression that occurs after having a baby which is more intense and lasts longer than those of “baby blues,” a term used to describe the worry, sadness, and tiredness many women experience after having a baby.” It also states, “1 in 8 women report symptoms of depression after giving birth, about 1 in 5 (20%) women were not asked about depression during a prenatal visit, and over half (50%) of pregnant women with depression were not treated.”

Purpose Statement: The purpose of this …

A New Way Of Learning: Student Revelations From A Sport Development Service-Learning Course, Deondra E. Johnson

Eagle Showcase: Excellence in Service-Learning

No abstract provided.

Cultural Sensitivity - The Impact Of A Three-Week Physical Therapy Internship In Mexico, Kailey Heemskerk, Paul Bartlett Ed.D

Celebration of Research

In this study, we examined if there was a change in cultural sensitivity as a result of a three-week, non-credit bearing internship in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico and, if so, what factors may have contributed to this change. We hypothesized there would be a significant difference in overall intercultural sensitivity growth and in each of the five constructs of intercultural sensitivity. The students completed a pre- and post-Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) survey and three open-ended questions at the completion of their internship. A paired T-test found overall mean scores to be significantly higher for the post-test as compared to the pre-test …

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Upper And Lower Body Muscular Power During Weightlifting Exercise In Men, Grant Weiderman, Chandler Riley, Joanna Powell, Katie Price, Lauren Wideen, Andrew Fest, Justin Kim, Maya Hammer, Sean Karl, Isabella Lincoln, Noelle Seekamp-Hicks, Joshua Leow, Maddy Espinoza, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR) supplementation improves movements with high-velocity and high-power muscle contractions which may be due to enhanced blood flow, oxygenation and contractile function in type II muscle fibers. The literature has focused predominantly on the effects of BR supplementation running and cycling performance, but its efficacy in resistance exercise, a modality that relies on type II muscle fibers, has limited data. Furthermore, it is unknown how supplementation strategies impact the physiological and ergogenic effects of BR during exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess whether single or multi-day nitrate ingestion will improve performance and muscle …

The Effect Of Co-Ingesting Beetroot Juice And Vitamin C On Blood Pressure In Hispanic Women: A Literature Review And A Proposal, Mikela De La Flor, Maya Hammer, Noelle Seekamp-Hicks, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Dietary nitrate supplementation is known for improving blood pressure through vasodilation and may favorably alter oral microbial populations related to cardiovascular health. Co-ingestion with vitamin C (VITC) may further potentiate these benefits but this remains unexplored. Additionally, this field has yet to examine the influence of sex and ethnicity, which is important given that physiological differences exist between populations. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of combining dietary nitrate, in the form of beetroot juice, and VITC on blood pressure and the oral microbiome in women of Hispanic, African American, and American descent across multiple institutions. …

Pomegranate Extract Supplementation On Neuromuscular Performance During Resistance Exercise, Katie Price, Joanna Powell, Matthew Joyner, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Dietary nitrate supplementation has been shown to improve skeletal muscle function during high-velocity and high-power contractions due to its high nitrate levels; however, there is limited data examining its potential in exercise requiring these movements, such as resistance exercise. Nitrate supplementation has been studied extensively as beetroot juice, but its poor taste severely limits its application. Pomegranate extract (POM) may be an alternative nitrate source due to its superior taste, high nitrate content, and additional antioxidants but has yet to be explored. The purpose of the present study is two-fold: 1) to determine the nitrate concentration in POM; and 2) …

The Effects Of Acute Beetroot Juice Ingestion On Upper And Lower Body Muscular Power During Weightlifting Exercise In Men., Sean Karl, Isabella Lincoln, Joanna Powell, Grant Weiderman, Katie Price, Lauren Wideen, Andrew Fest, Justin Kim, Maya Hammer, Noelle Seekamp-Hicks, Joshua Leow, Maddy Espinoza, Adam Pennell, Rachel Tan

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Dietary nitrate supplementation, administered per beetroot juice (BR), has been shown to enhance performance while cycling and running. BR has enhanced skeletal muscle contraction and blood flow within type II fibers which are recruited during high-velocity and high-power contractions. However, it is unknown whether BR influences alternative forms of exercise, such as resistance exercise. The purpose of this study is to assess whether BR supplementation influences neuromuscular performance (muscle power and speed), and repetitions-to-failure in healthy, recreationally active men. In a double-blind, randomized crossover design, 14 males will be recruited to complete two 4-day supplementation periods in which they consume …

Team Coordination Dynamics Of Winning Nba Teams, Alli Grunkemeyer, Joel H. Sommerfeld

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Predicting sports games outcomes is an endless pursuit shared by stakeholders ranging from fans to coaches to data scientists. We have begun investigating the value of positional data recorded during basketball gameplay with the goal of predicting outcomes from team dynamics as they emerge. We approached this problem by analyzing the “shape” of team movements on the court and investigated whether team dynamics in NBA games mimicked long-range correlated patterns observed in other team contexts. We analyzed 622 NBA games from an archival data set, including all area time series obtained for each of the four quarters. We fit a …

Analyzing Thoracic Spine And Hip Mobility And The Effects On Kinematics In The Golf Swing And Its Relation To Injury And Performance, Michael Servais

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Analyzing Thoracic Spine and Hip Mobility and the Effects on Kinematics in the Golf Swing and its Relation to Injury and Performance

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) and low back injury have been found to be the most common symptom and injury sustained while playing golf (McHardy et al., 2006). Previous research has sought to determine precursors to injury by investigating physical limitations including hip internal rotation deficits. This study aims to build upon previous research by measuring joint mobility and forces placed on the lower back during the golf swing. Specifically, it evaluates active range of motion of both …

Fatigue-Induced Sex Differences For Explosive Neuromuscular Characteristics Of The Plantar Flexors, Ben Dalton

Symposium of Student Scholars

Previous research on fatigue using isometric contractions suggests that females are more fatigue resistant than males, but less is clear regarding fatigue induced by dynamic contractions. PURPOSE: To determine sex differences for explosive voluntary neuromuscular characteristics of the plantar flexors (PFs) during a dynamic fatiguing task. METHODS: Recreationally active males (n=14; 22.4±2.2 yrs) and females (n=15; 20.9±2.5 yrs) performed a fatiguing task of the PFs consisting of 60 maximal isotonic contractions at 30% of their maximal isometric strength using a dynamometer. Peak power (PP), optimal velocity (OV), and optimal torque (OT) were calculated from the first five contractions of the …

Sex Differences In Plantar Flexor Strength And Contractile Properties After Isometric And Dynamic Fatigue, Phuong Ha, Benjamin E. Dalton, Michaela G. Alesi, Tyler M. Smith, Trisha A. Vandusseldorp, Yuri Feito, Anna G. Conroy, Garrett M. Hester

Symposium of Student Scholars

Purpose: To determine sex differences in strength and contractile properties after isometric and dynamic fatiguing exercise of the plantar flexors. Methods: Recreationally active males (n=13, age=22.4±2.2 yrs) and females (n=15, age=20.9±2.4 yrs) performed a maximal isometric (2 min) and isotonic (120 reps at 30% peak torque) fatigue task on 2 separate visits. Before and after each fatigue task, participants performed a 3 sec maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with tibial nerve stimulation being delivered during and immediately after the MVIC. Peak torque (PT; highest 250 ms) was obtained during the voluntary phase of the MVIC. Peak twitch torque …

Are There Predictors Of A Running Back’S Success?, Joshua Price

Symposium of Student Scholars

People who analyze football have concentrated in the past on a running back’s 40-yard dash, shuffle, broad jump, vertical jump, and bench press measures. My research will test if the following variables can predict a running back’s success in the NFL: height, weight, conference, offensive line ranking for their team, the running back’s total yards for the season, their average yards for each attempt, the number of times the running back has entered the end zone for a touchdown that season, the running back’s time average time behind the line of scrimmage (TLOS), the percentage of times the running back …