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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Women's Health
The Utility Of Genetic Risk Score To Improve Performance Of Frax For Fracture Prediction In Us Postmenopausal Women, Xiangxue Xiao, Qing Wu
The Utility Of Genetic Risk Score To Improve Performance Of Frax For Fracture Prediction In Us Postmenopausal Women, Xiangxue Xiao, Qing Wu
Public Health Faculty Publications
The ability of the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in discriminating fracture and non-fracture in postmenopausal women remains suboptimal. Adding a genetic profile may improve the performance of FRAX. Three genetic risk scores (GRSs) (GRS_fracture, GRS_BMD, GRS_eBMD) were calculated for each participant in the Women’s Health Initiative Study (n = 23,981), based on the summary statistics of three comprehensive osteoporosis-related genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The primary outcomes were incident major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture (HF). The association between each GRS and fracture risk were evaluated in separate Cox Proportional Hazard models, with FRAX clinical risk factors adjusted for. …
Menopausal Hormone Replacement: Not Necessarily Routine, Mary Guinan
Menopausal Hormone Replacement: Not Necessarily Routine, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
War Crimes Of The 90s: Rape As A Strategy, Mary Guinan
War Crimes Of The 90s: Rape As A Strategy, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Historically, only men went to war. The winners took the losers' women and could rape, enslave, or kill them. As we moved into a more modern civilization, the rights of the winner over the women of the loser became less clear and were only vaguely documented. Even for modern war historians, what happens to the men on and off the battlefield is the main preoccupation. After all, women do not face combat and what happens to them seems unimportant. The rape of women by conquering armies has continued through all wars, but has rarely been considered a war crime, especially …
Finding Hiv-Infected Women - The Clinician's Role, Mary Guinan
Finding Hiv-Infected Women - The Clinician's Role, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
An estimated 100,000 women are currently infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States, and a great majority of them are unaware of their condition. Approximately 20,000 HIV-infected women were identified through publicly funded HIV screening programs in 1989 and 1990, and an unknown number through private screening. Because most HIV-infected women are believed to be in the lower socioeconomic strata, it is unlikely that a significant number were identified in the private sector. Therefore, up to 80% of HIV-positive women may not know they are infected.
Female Condoms, An Urgent Need, Mary Guinan
Female Condoms, An Urgent Need, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
As of February 1991, more than 16,000 cases of AIDS in women had been reported in the United States, but the ". tidal wave of cases in women is yet to come. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates of the number of women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) range from 1.5 million in Africa to I 00,000 in the United States. Within the next ten years, the majority of these women will develop AIDS and die. Some will live a bit longer, but all are eventually doomed to die prematurely. Most will not live to see their 40th year.
The Right To Die: An Old Woman's Formula, Mary Guinan
The Right To Die: An Old Woman's Formula, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
On December 26, 1990, Nancy Cruzan died, 12 days after her feeding tube was removed. She had been in an irreversible coma for seven years and her parents had sued for the right to remove the feeding tube that was keeping her alive. The pain and suffering of her family in coming to this decision was certainly compounded by those who disagreed with them and tried to prevent the extubation. Whether one agrees with this particular decision or not, most of us will not be faced with such clear alternatives, ie, leave the tube in or take it out in …
Pms And Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome, Mary Guinan
Pms And Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Amwa Endorses Uniform Mammography Screening, Mary Guinan
Amwa Endorses Uniform Mammography Screening, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Breast cancer is gaining on us at an increasing rate each year. In 1990 in the United States alone we expect about 145,000 new cases and 45,000 breast cancer deaths in women. What are we doing about it? What is AMWA doing, and what are women physicians doing- for themselves and their patients? Can we do anything? The answer is yes, we can. We can reduce mortality considerably if the cancer is detected early. The five-year survival rate for women with breast cancer diagnosed in its early (localized) stages is 90%, but for women with cancer diagnosed after it has …
Domestic Violence: Physicians A Link To Prevention, Mary Guinan
Domestic Violence: Physicians A Link To Prevention, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Domestic violence may result in more injuries and fatalities for women than automobile crashes, muggings, and rapes combined, but according to a recent editorial, physicians largely ignore the problem. Evidence showed that a majority of women treated at an emergency facility for injuries resulting from violent acts of spouses or other persons known to the victims were discharged without any arrangement being made for their future safety. Physicians rarely inquired about an injury victim's past sexual or physical abuse, living arrangements, or future prospects of safety.
Women And Crack Addiction, Mary Guinan
Women And Crack Addiction, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
A smokable form of cocaine has recently been introduced to the United States. First documented in New York in 1985, the use of rock cocaine or crack has spread rapidly throughout the country since then. Until crack appeared, noninjectable cocaine use was largely a problem in the middle and upper classes because of its high price. Crack has changed that; five and ten dollar packages are readily available. Crack produces a short-lived high and may enhance sexual desire and performance. The rapidity of the spread of crack in inner cities is extraordinary but the movement into rural areas has been …
Three Cheers For Elective Hysterectomy, Mary Guinan
Three Cheers For Elective Hysterectomy, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Hysterectomy is the second (after cesarean section) most commonly performed major surgical procedure in the United States today.1 About [650,000 American women will have hysterectomies in 1989. Thirty-seven percent of all US women will have had a hysterectomy by the time they reach age 60. The number of hysterectomies increased dramatically Born 1965 to 1975, but then leveled off and decreased to the present level of about 7 per 1000 women. The ~ghest rates occur in women aged 35 to 44 years, the age group the so called baby boomers are now entering in large numbers. Therefore, if the age-specific …
Cigarette Advertising To Women: Taking Responsibility, Mary Guinan
Cigarette Advertising To Women: Taking Responsibility, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
A variety of magazines are directed at American women. Some emphasize fashion, while others cover child rearing, homemaking, or gardening; still others stress career, coping with multiple women's roles, or feminism. Almost without exception, women's health concerns are periodically addressed by these magazines. Because women are the target audience, I have always assumed that these publications have women's best interests at heart. Is this a realistic assumption? I'm not sure. I also do not know what influence women's magazines have on women's health behavior, but I think it is substantial. If this is so, then shouldn't we hold these publications …
Virginity And Celibacy As Health Issues, Mary Guinan
Virginity And Celibacy As Health Issues, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Sexual behavior is both a health issue and a moral issue. Hence public education on sexuality has traditionally come from two main sources, those individuals or groups concerned with health and those concerned with morals. In his book No Magic Bullet (Oxford University Press, 1985), Allan Brandt describes the tensions that developed between these groups over the control of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States early in this century. Both groups wanted to control sexual behavior, but for different reasons. Public health personnel wanted to change sexual behavior in order to control infection and disease, while moralists believed that …
Pms Or Perifollicular Phase Euphoria?, Mary Guinan
Pms Or Perifollicular Phase Euphoria?, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Why is it that so little is known about PMS? First of all, there is no agreement on what PMS is. If investigators are referring to different sets of symptoms, how can studies be comparable? In fact, they are not. Not only are the symptoms different, but the timing of symptoms is different, Some studies describe symptoms that occur 7 to 10 days before the onset of menses, while others include symptoms that begin 14 days before the onset of menses and continue for 7 days after onset. This definition suggests that women may have PMS-related symptoms during 21 days …
Have You Had Your Mammogram, Doctor?, Mary Guinan
Have You Had Your Mammogram, Doctor?, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
Breast cancer incidence continues to increase in the United States, with more than 130,000 new cases and 42,000 deaths expected this year. Today, one in every ten women in the United States will develop breast cancer at sometime during their lives. Breast cancer can be prevented by early prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, ie, removal of the breasts before any signs or symptoms develop. This practice was advocated by a male gynecologist colleague of mine. When I expressed horror at his suggestion that I have such a procedure at age 32, he challenged me to defend myself against advocating a practice that …
Women And Aids: The Future Is Grim, Mary E. Guinan, Ann Hardy
Women And Aids: The Future Is Grim, Mary E. Guinan, Ann Hardy
Public Health Faculty Publications
Recently, we analyzed the reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in women in the United States.1 We found two areas of great concern: first, women are more likely than men to acquire AIDS through heterosexual intercourse, and second, women are the source of disease for about 80% of children with AIDS. In this column we will discuss the source and distribution of AIDS in women, and in a future piece we will discuss women as the source of infection for pediatric AIDS cases.
Osteoporosis And Ert--The Jury Is Still Out, Mary E. Guinan, Karen Steinberg, Lambertina Freni-Titulaer
Osteoporosis And Ert--The Jury Is Still Out, Mary E. Guinan, Karen Steinberg, Lambertina Freni-Titulaer
Public Health Faculty Publications
Bone loss in women accelerates immediately after menopause, often leading to osteoporosis and an increased risk of bone fractures. In 1985,247,000 hip fractures occurred in people over 45 years of age. Among those who live to be 90, one-third of women and one-sixth of men will experience hip fractures. Six months after fracture, 25% of victims will not be able to carry out their usual activities, and 50% will need assistance to do so. Hip fractures are not only a serious cause of morbidity but they also increase the risk of mortality in older people. Because the proportion of the …
Women, Children And Aids, Mary Guinan
Women, Children And Aids, Mary Guinan
Public Health Faculty Publications
More than 500 cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AlDS) in children (ages I3 and under) had been reported to the Centers for Disease Control as of August , 1987. Of these children, 78% were infected perinatally by their mothers. The ratio of AIDS cases among women to AIDS cases among ; i children has remained stable at approximately 5:1 for several years. So, for the foreseeable future, we can expect that for every five reports of women with AIDS, one child with AIDS will be reported. As is the CMe with other sexually transmitted diseases, AIDS causes a disproportionately …