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University of Massachusetts Amherst

Series

2021

Articles 1 - 15 of 15

Full-Text Articles in Other Medicine and Health Sciences

Perceived Discrimination During The Childbirth Hospitalization And Postpartum Visit Attendance And Content: Evidence From The Listening To Mothers In California Survey, Laura B. Attanasio, Brittany L. Ranchoff, Kimberley H. Geissler Jan 2021

Perceived Discrimination During The Childbirth Hospitalization And Postpartum Visit Attendance And Content: Evidence From The Listening To Mothers In California Survey, Laura B. Attanasio, Brittany L. Ranchoff, Kimberley H. Geissler

Public Health Department Faculty Publication Series

Objective Postpartum visits are an important opportunity to address ongoing maternal health. Experiences of discrimination in healthcare can impact healthcare use, including postpartum visits. However, it is unknown whether discrimination is associated with postpartum visit content. This study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived discrimination during the childbirth hospitalization and postpartum visit attendance and content. Research design Data were from Listening to Mothers in California, a population-based survey of people with a singleton hospital birth in California in 2016. Adjusted logistic regression models estimated the association between perceived discrimination during the childbirth hospitalization and 1) postpartum visit attendance, and …

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The Effect Of Remuneration Schedule On Data Completion And Retention In The Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (Peas), Ndeah Terry, Leah M. Lipsky, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Aiyi Liu, Tonja R. Nansel Jan 2021

The Effect Of Remuneration Schedule On Data Completion And Retention In The Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (Peas), Ndeah Terry, Leah M. Lipsky, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Aiyi Liu, Tonja R. Nansel

Public Health Department Faculty Publication Series

Maximizing data completion and study retention is essential in population research. This study examined the effect of remuneration schedule and data collection modality on data completion and retention in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study cohort. Participants (n = 458) completed online surveys and attended six in-person study visits. Initially, remuneration was a prespecified amount per visit, then was changed mid-study to be prorated based on the number of forms completed. Additionally, survey data collection modality was changed to in-person at the sixth study visit. In this secondary data analysis, there was no effect of remuneration schedule on withdrawal rates or …

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Accelerated Clearing And Molecular Labeling Of Biological Tissues Using, Joseph Dwyer, M Desmond Ramirez, Paul S. Katz, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Joseph Bergan Jan 2021

Accelerated Clearing And Molecular Labeling Of Biological Tissues Using, Joseph Dwyer, M Desmond Ramirez, Paul S. Katz, Rolf O. Karlstrom, Joseph Bergan

Psychological and Brain Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Techniques used to clear biological tissue for fluorescence microscopy are essential to connect anatomical principles at levels ranging from subcellular to the whole animal. Here we report a simple and straightforward approach to efficiently render opaque tissue samples transparent and show that this approach can be modified to rapidly label intact tissue samples with antibodies for large volume fluorescence microscopy. This strategy applies a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) force to accelerate the removal of lipids from tissue samples at least as large as an intact adult mouse brain. We also show that MHD force can be used to accelerate antibody penetration into …

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Mothers' Sleep Deficits And Cognitive Performance: Moderation By Stress And Age, Kirby Deater-Deckard, Mamatha Chary, Maureen E. Mcquillan, Angela D. Staples, John E. Bates Jan 2021

Mothers' Sleep Deficits And Cognitive Performance: Moderation By Stress And Age, Kirby Deater-Deckard, Mamatha Chary, Maureen E. Mcquillan, Angela D. Staples, John E. Bates

Psychological and Brain Sciences Faculty Publication Series

There are well-known associations between stress, poor sleep, and cognitive deficits, but little is known about their interactive effects, which the present study explored in a sample of mothers of toddlers. Since certain types of cognitive decline start during the 20s and continue into later ages, we also explored whether mothers' age interacted with stress and sleep in the prediction of cognitive functioning. We hypothesized that poorer sleep [measured using one week of 24-hour wrist actigraphy data] and having more chronic stressors [e.g., life events, household chaos, work/family role conflict] would be linked with poorer cognitive performance [both executive function …

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Association Between Household Air Pollution And Child Mortality In Myanmar Using A Multilevel Mixed-Effects Poisson Regression With Robust Variance, Juwel Rana, Rakibul M. Islam, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Razia Aliani, Youssef Oulhote Jan 2021

Association Between Household Air Pollution And Child Mortality In Myanmar Using A Multilevel Mixed-Effects Poisson Regression With Robust Variance, Juwel Rana, Rakibul M. Islam, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Razia Aliani, Youssef Oulhote

Biostatistics and Epidemiology Faculty Publications Series

Household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel use (SFU) for cooking is a major public health threat for women and children in low and middle-income countries. This study investigated the associations between HAP and neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality in Myanmar. The study consisted of 3249 sample of under-five children in the households from the first Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Fuel types and levels of exposure to SFU (no, moderate and high) were proxies for HAP. We estimated covariate-adjusted relative risks (aRR) of neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality with 95% confidence intervals, accounting for the survey …

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The Global Viralization Of Policies To Contain The Spreading Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Analyses Of School Closures And First Reported Cases, José Ignacio Nazif-Muñoz, Sebastián Peña, Youssef Oulhote Jan 2021

The Global Viralization Of Policies To Contain The Spreading Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Analyses Of School Closures And First Reported Cases, José Ignacio Nazif-Muñoz, Sebastián Peña, Youssef Oulhote

Biostatistics and Epidemiology Faculty Publications Series

Background On January 30(th) 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a international health emergency due to the unprecedented phenomenon of COVID-19. After this declaration countries swiftly implemented a variety of health policies. In this work we examine how rapid countries responded to this pandemic using two events: the day in which the first case of COVID-19 was reported, and first day in which countries used school closure as one of the measures to avoid outbreaks. We also assessed how countries' health systems, globalization, economic development, political systems, and economic integration to China, Republic of Korea and Italy increased the …

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Characteristics Of Hiv Seroconverters In The Setting Of Universal Test And Treat: Results From The Search Trial In Rural Uganda And Kenya, Marilyn N. Nyabuti, Maya L. Petersen, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Moses R. Kamya, Florence Mwangwa, Jane Kabami, Norton Sang, Edwin D. Charlebois, Laura B. Balzer Jan 2021

Characteristics Of Hiv Seroconverters In The Setting Of Universal Test And Treat: Results From The Search Trial In Rural Uganda And Kenya, Marilyn N. Nyabuti, Maya L. Petersen, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Moses R. Kamya, Florence Mwangwa, Jane Kabami, Norton Sang, Edwin D. Charlebois, Laura B. Balzer

Biostatistics and Epidemiology Faculty Publications Series

Background Additional progress towards HIV epidemic control requires understanding who remains at risk of HIV infection in the context of high uptake of universal testing and treatment (UTT). We sought to characterize seroconverters and risk factors in the SEARCH UTT trial (NCT01864603), which achieved high uptake of universal HIV testing and ART coverage in 32 communities of adults (>= 15 years) in rural Uganda and Kenya. Methods In a pooled cohort of 117,114 individuals with baseline HIV negative test results, we described those who seroconverted within 3 years, calculated gender-specific HIV incidence rates, evaluated adjusted risk ratios (aRR) for …

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Racial And Geographic Variation In Effects Of Maternal Education And Neighborhood-Level Measures Of Socioeconomic Status On Gestational Age At Birth: Findings From The Echo Cohorts, Anne L. Dunlop, Alicynne Glazier Essalmi, Lyndsay Alvalos, Carrie Breton, Carlos A. Camargo, Whitney J. Cowell, Dana Dabelea, Stephen R. Dager, Cristiane Duarte, Ken Kleinman Jan 2021

Racial And Geographic Variation In Effects Of Maternal Education And Neighborhood-Level Measures Of Socioeconomic Status On Gestational Age At Birth: Findings From The Echo Cohorts, Anne L. Dunlop, Alicynne Glazier Essalmi, Lyndsay Alvalos, Carrie Breton, Carlos A. Camargo, Whitney J. Cowell, Dana Dabelea, Stephen R. Dager, Cristiane Duarte, Ken Kleinman

Biostatistics and Epidemiology Faculty Publications Series

Preterm birth occurs at excessively high and disparate rates in the United States. In 2016, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) launched the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program to investigate the influence of early life exposures on child health. Extant data from the ECHO cohorts provides the opportunity to examine racial and geographic variation in effects of individual- and neighborhood-level markers of socioeconomic status (SES) on gestational age at birth. The objective of this study was to examine the association between individual-level (maternal education) and neighborhood-level markers of SES and gestational age at birth, stratifying by maternal …

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Sperm Dna Methylation Mediates The Association Of Male Age On Reproductive Outcomes Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment, Oladele A. Oluwayiose, Haotian Wu, Hachem Saddiki, Brian W. Whitcomb, Laura B. Balzer, Nicole Brandon, Alexander Suvorov, Rahil Tayyab, Cynthia K. Sites, Lisa Hill, Chelsea Marcho, J. Richard Pilsner Jan 2021

Sperm Dna Methylation Mediates The Association Of Male Age On Reproductive Outcomes Among Couples Undergoing Infertility Treatment, Oladele A. Oluwayiose, Haotian Wu, Hachem Saddiki, Brian W. Whitcomb, Laura B. Balzer, Nicole Brandon, Alexander Suvorov, Rahil Tayyab, Cynthia K. Sites, Lisa Hill, Chelsea Marcho, J. Richard Pilsner

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Parental age at time of offspring conception is increasing in developed countries. Advanced male age is associated with decreased reproductive success and increased risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. Mechanisms for these male age effects remain unclear, but changes in sperm DNA methylation over time is one potential explanation. We assessed genome-wide methylation of sperm DNA from 47 semen samples collected from male participants of couples seeking infertility treatment. We report that higher male age was associated with lower likelihood of fertilization and live birth, and poor embryo development (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our multivariable linear models showed male age was associated with alterations in sperm methylation at 1698 CpGs and 1146 regions (q < 0.05), which were associated with > 750 genes enriched in embryonic development, behavior and neurodevelopment …

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Developmental Exposures To Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (Pfos) Impact Embryonic Nutrition, Pancreatic Morphology, And Adiposity In The Zebrafish, Danio Rerio, Karilyn E. Sant, Kate Annunziato, Sarah Conlin, Gregory Teicher, Phoebe Chen, Olivia Venezia, Gerald B. Downes, Yeonhwa Park, Alicia R. Timme-Laragy Jan 2021

Developmental Exposures To Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (Pfos) Impact Embryonic Nutrition, Pancreatic Morphology, And Adiposity In The Zebrafish, Danio Rerio, Karilyn E. Sant, Kate Annunziato, Sarah Conlin, Gregory Teicher, Phoebe Chen, Olivia Venezia, Gerald B. Downes, Yeonhwa Park, Alicia R. Timme-Laragy

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a persistent environmental contaminant previously found in consumer surfactants and industrial fire-fighting foams. PFOS has been widely implicated in metabolic dysfunction across the lifespan, including diabetes and obesity. However, the contributions of the embryonic environment to metabolic disease remain uncharacterized. This study seeks to identify perturbations in embryonic metabolism, pancreas development, and adiposity due to developmental and subchronic PFOS exposures and their persistence into later larval and juvenile periods. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 16 or 32 μM PFOS developmentally (1–5 days post fertilization; dpf) or subchronically (1–15 dpf). Embryonic fatty acid and macronutrient concentrations and …

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Space-Time Characterization Of Community Noise And Sound Sources In Accra, Ghana, Sierra N. Clark, Abosede S. Alli, Ricky Nathvani, Allison Hughes, Majid Ezzati, Michael Brauer, Mireille B. Toledano, Jill Baumgartner, James E. Bennett, James Nimo Jan 2021

Space-Time Characterization Of Community Noise And Sound Sources In Accra, Ghana, Sierra N. Clark, Abosede S. Alli, Ricky Nathvani, Allison Hughes, Majid Ezzati, Michael Brauer, Mireille B. Toledano, Jill Baumgartner, James E. Bennett, James Nimo

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Urban noise pollution is an emerging public health concern in growing cities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but the sound environment in SSA cities is understudied. We leveraged a large-scale measurement campaign to characterize the spatial and temporal patterns of measured sound levels and sound sources in Accra, Ghana. We measured sound levels and recorded audio clips at 146 representative locations, involving 7-days (136 locations) and 1-year measurements between 2019 and 2020. We calculated metrics of noise levels and intermittency and analyzed audio recordings using a pre-trained neural network to identify sources. Commercial, business, and industrial areas and areas near major …

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Chemical Exposures Affect Innate Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2, Olatunbosun Arowolo, Leonid Pobezinsky, Alexander Suvorov Jan 2021

Chemical Exposures Affect Innate Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2, Olatunbosun Arowolo, Leonid Pobezinsky, Alexander Suvorov

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Severe outcomes of COVID-19 are associated with pathological response of the immune system to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Emerging evidence suggests that an interaction may exist between COVID-19 pathogenesis and a broad range of xenobiotics, resulting in significant increases in death rates in highly exposed populations. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular basis of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 infection and chemical exposures may open opportunities for better preventive and therapeutic interventions. We attempted to gain mechanistic knowledge on the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 infection and chemical exposures using an in silico approach, where we identified genes and molecular pathways affected by …

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Development And Validation Of Footnet; A New Kinematic Algorithm To Improve Foot-Strike And Toe-Off Detection In Treadmill Running, Adrian Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Gillian Weir, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Joseph Hamill, Ezio Preatoni Jan 2021

Development And Validation Of Footnet; A New Kinematic Algorithm To Improve Foot-Strike And Toe-Off Detection In Treadmill Running, Adrian Rivadulla, Xi Chen, Gillian Weir, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Joseph Hamill, Ezio Preatoni

Kinesiology Department Faculty Publication Series

The accurate detection of foot-strike and toe-off is often critical in the assessment of running biomechanics. The gold standard method for step event detection requires force data which are not always available. Although kinematics-based algorithms can also be used, their accuracy and generalisability are limited, often requiring corrections for speed or foot-strike pattern. The purpose of this study was to develop FootNet, a novel kinematics and deep learning-based algorithm for the detection of step events in treadmill running. Five treadmill running datasets were gathered and processed to obtain segment and joint kinematics, and to identify the contact phase within each …

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Threshold Analyses On Combinations Of Testing, Population Size, And Vaccine Coverage For Covid-19 Control In A University Setting, Xinmeng Zhao, Hanisha Tatapudi, George Corey, Chaitra Gopalappa Jan 2021

Threshold Analyses On Combinations Of Testing, Population Size, And Vaccine Coverage For Covid-19 Control In A University Setting, Xinmeng Zhao, Hanisha Tatapudi, George Corey, Chaitra Gopalappa

Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty Publication Series

We simulated epidemic projections of a potential COVID-19 outbreak in a residential university population in the United States under varying combinations of asymptomatic tests (5% to 33% per day), transmission rates (2.5% to 14%), and contact rates (1 to 25), to identify the contact rate threshold that, if exceeded, would lead to exponential growth in infections. Using this, we extracted contact rate thresholds among non-essential workers, population size thresholds in the absence of vaccines, and vaccine coverage thresholds. We further stream-lined our analyses to transmission rates of 5 to 8%, to correspond to the reported levels of face-mask-use/physical-distancing during the …

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Effect Of Sleep And Biobehavioral Patterns On Multidimensional Cognitive Performance: Longitudinal, In-The-Wild Study, Manasa Kalanadhabhatta, Tauhidur Rahman, Deepak Ganesan Jan 2021

Effect Of Sleep And Biobehavioral Patterns On Multidimensional Cognitive Performance: Longitudinal, In-The-Wild Study, Manasa Kalanadhabhatta, Tauhidur Rahman, Deepak Ganesan

Computer Science Department Faculty Publication Series

Background: With nearly 20% of the US adult population using fitness trackers, there is an increasing focus on how physiological data from these devices can provide actionable insights about workplace performance. However, in-the-wild studies that understand how these metrics correlate with cognitive performance measures across a diverse population are lacking, and claims made by device manufacturers are vague. While there has been extensive research leading to a variety of theories on how physiological measures affect cognitive performance, virtually all such studies have been conducted in highly controlled settings and their validity in the real world is poorly understood. Objective: We …

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