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Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Mental and Social Health
Perceived Neighborhood Safety And Psychological Distress: Exploring Protective Factors, Jaime Booth, Stephanie L. Ayers, Flavio F. Marsiglia
Perceived Neighborhood Safety And Psychological Distress: Exploring Protective Factors, Jaime Booth, Stephanie L. Ayers, Flavio F. Marsiglia
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
While a growing body of literature has established a relationship between "disordered" neighborhoods and psychological distress, less is known about the specific mechanisms at work. Using data collected in the 2008 Arizona Health Survey (N = 4,196), hierarchal linear regression was conducted to assess both the independent effect of perception of neighborhood safety on psychological distress, as well as the mediating effects of powerlessness, social isolation and mistrust. The findings suggest that the more safe individuals feel in their neighborhood, the less psychological distress they experience (b = 1.07, SE = .17, p < .001). This relationship appears to be partially mediated by feelings of powerlessness, social isolation and mistrust, indicating potential risk and protective factors.
The Effects Of A Summer Camp Experience On Factors Of Resilience In At-Risk Youth, Marybeth Merryman, Amanda Mezei, Jill A. Bush, Marcie Weinstein
The Effects Of A Summer Camp Experience On Factors Of Resilience In At-Risk Youth, Marybeth Merryman, Amanda Mezei, Jill A. Bush, Marcie Weinstein
The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy
This pilot study addressed the impact of a summer camp experience on at-risk middle school youth by exploring self-reported growth in skill development and resilience. Campers who attended a five-week summer day camp were compared to a control group who maintained typical activities throughout the summer. Results showed statistically significant differences in the campers’ belief of a good future for themselves (U = 179.40, P = 0.05). Campers reported sustained or positive growth in domains of social skills and positive values from the baseline to a six-month follow up. Three significant themes emerged from individual in-depth interviews including: (a) engagement …
Competency And Voters With Psychiatric Disabilities: Considerations For Social Workers, Jennifer K. Davis
Competency And Voters With Psychiatric Disabilities: Considerations For Social Workers, Jennifer K. Davis
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
The ability of those with psychiatric disabilities to vote is an important activity impacted by competency issues and potentially overlooked by social workers. The purpose of this article is to assist social workers in making informed decisions about preserving and supporting voter participation among those with psychiatric disabilities. Common issues regarding the voting rights of individuals with psychiatric disabilities within the legal system and other systems of interest to social workers are explored.
Patterns Of Residential Mobility Of People With Schizophrenia: Multi-Level Tests Of Downward Geographic Drift, Christopher G. Hudson
Patterns Of Residential Mobility Of People With Schizophrenia: Multi-Level Tests Of Downward Geographic Drift, Christopher G. Hudson
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
This study tests the geographic drift hypothesis that the negative SES-MI correlation results from individuals first developing conditions such as schizophrenia and then moving frequently because of their disability to low income and urban areas, and to neighborhoods with high concentrations of SMI persons. This is a secondary analysis of hospital records of 1,667,956 individuals in Massachusetts, USA, between 1994 and 2000. It employs a longitudinal cohort design and techniques of multi-level modeling. Downward geographic drift of those with schizophrenia was found to be small, but greater than other groups examined. The small level of drift was best explained by …
Primary Care Behavioral Health Consultation Reduces Depression Levels Among Mood-Disordered Patients, Bill Mcfeature, Thomas W. Pierce
Primary Care Behavioral Health Consultation Reduces Depression Levels Among Mood-Disordered Patients, Bill Mcfeature, Thomas W. Pierce
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of behavioral health consultative services on levels of depressive symptoms in patients diagnosed with a mood disorder. Two-hundred fifty-one patients with a form of mood disorder completed the PHQ-9 screening tool for depression both before and after a treatment period lasting an average of three months, during which patients received behavioral health consultation services. Results showed that 49.8% of patients participating in this integrated behavioral health care program experienced improvements of at least 50% in PHQ-9 scores from pre- to post-test. Improvements in PHQ-9 scores of at least a five …
Fear As A Barrier In Mammography Screenings, Ashlei L. Hardin
Fear As A Barrier In Mammography Screenings, Ashlei L. Hardin
Kaleidoscope
No abstract provided.
Disparities In Mental Health Utilization Among Persons With Chronic Diseases, Saundra Glover, Keith Elder, Sudha Xirasagar, Jong-Deuk Baek, Crystal Piper, Dayna Campbell
Disparities In Mental Health Utilization Among Persons With Chronic Diseases, Saundra Glover, Keith Elder, Sudha Xirasagar, Jong-Deuk Baek, Crystal Piper, Dayna Campbell
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
This study used Aday and Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use to examine the role of chronic disease and the joint impact of race and chronic disease type on mental health utilization. Using data from Community Tracking Survey Household Survey, we tested the assumption that chronic disease, chronic disease type, and race are related to lower rates of mental health visits when adjusted for predisposing, enabling, and need factors. After adjusting for population characteristics, we found that race significantly moderated the impact of chronic disease type on mental health utilization, showing that African Americans with cardiovascular disease were half …
Clean Needles And Bad Blood: Needle Exchange As Morality Policy, Elizabeth A. Bowen
Clean Needles And Bad Blood: Needle Exchange As Morality Policy, Elizabeth A. Bowen
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
The morality policy framework is a lens for understanding the unique characteristics of policies that attempt to regulate personal morals and behaviors. Needle exchange, a controversial intervention for reducing the transmission of HIV in injection drug users, shares many of the hallmark characteristics of morality policies. Analyzing needle exchange from a morality policy perspective, focusing on the 21-year ban on federal funding for needle exchange, reveals how value-based arguments have been used in the needle exchange debate and explains why the issue is likely to remain controversial in the United States. This analysis adds to the understanding of moral and …
Exploring Barriers To Inclusion Of Widowed And Abandoned Women Through Microcredit Self-Help Groups: The Case Of Rural South India, Margaret Lombe, Chrisann Newransky, Karen Kayser, Paul Mike Raj
Exploring Barriers To Inclusion Of Widowed And Abandoned Women Through Microcredit Self-Help Groups: The Case Of Rural South India, Margaret Lombe, Chrisann Newransky, Karen Kayser, Paul Mike Raj
The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare
Microcredit programs have been applauded as the magic bullet for the poor, especially women with limited financial resources. Building on previous research, this study examines effects of a microcredit self-help group (SHG) program on perceptions of social exclusion among widowed and abandoned women who participated in groups established after the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami in Tamil Nadu, India (N=109). Data were collected on key aspects of the program such as loan amount and investment patterns, group experience, demographics, and perceived barriers to inclusion. Results indicate that investment patterns and group experience impacted the women's perception of barriers to social inclusion. …
Physical Activity Effects On Depressive Symptoms In Black Adults, Elisa R. Torres, Carolyn M. Sampselle, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, David L. Ronis, Harold W. Neighbors
Physical Activity Effects On Depressive Symptoms In Black Adults, Elisa R. Torres, Carolyn M. Sampselle, Kimberlee A. Gretebeck, David L. Ronis, Harold W. Neighbors
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Objectives: Randomized trials found physical activity (PA) effective in decreasing depressive symptoms. Few studies included Black participants. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to determine the effects of PA on depressive symptoms in Black adults. Methods: Articles were abstracted by conducting a computer and hand search of eligible studies. Results: Eight of 13 studies found a significant inverse relationship between PA and depressive symptoms in Black adults. Sources for the heterogeneity were explored. Conclusion: Future studies should include representative samples of Black adults, incorporate a theory which considers multiple levels of influence, account for genetic factors in the …
Determinants Of Depressive Symptoms Among Women On Public Assistance In Louisiana, Theresa C. Davidson, Joachim Singelmann
Determinants Of Depressive Symptoms Among Women On Public Assistance In Louisiana, Theresa C. Davidson, Joachim Singelmann
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Depression can be a significant barrier in the welfare-to-work transition of poor women. Fortunately, support from social networks can lessen symptoms and facilitate entry into the workplace. Inconsistency in the literature concerning the effects of social networks on the poor suggests further research is needed. Thus, we examine the level and determinants of depressive symptoms among participants in the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program. Having a good job, being in good health, married, and black, and living in rural areas inhibit symptoms of depression. Remaining on TANF and having several children increases symptom levels. Those who report that they …
Integrating Viral Hepatitis Screening And Prevention Services Into An Urban Chemical Dependency Treatment Facility For American Indians And Alaska Natives, Shelly Huffman, Rachel Brucker, John T. Redd, Maile Taualii, Cecile M. Town, Mei L. Castor, Crystal C. Tetrick, Ralph Forquera, Joanna Buffington
Integrating Viral Hepatitis Screening And Prevention Services Into An Urban Chemical Dependency Treatment Facility For American Indians And Alaska Natives, Shelly Huffman, Rachel Brucker, John T. Redd, Maile Taualii, Cecile M. Town, Mei L. Castor, Crystal C. Tetrick, Ralph Forquera, Joanna Buffington
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) patients at an urban residential chemical dependency treatment center participated in a viral hepatitis prevention project. Project activities integrated into patients’ treatment programs included viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk factor screening, education and counseling, laboratory testing, and hepatitis A and B vaccination. Of 928 AI/AN admissions, 585 (63%) completed risk factor screening assessment. Of these, 436 (75%) received at least one vaccination, viral hepatitis testing, or both. Of 322 patients tested, 91 (28%) were hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody positive. Lack of pre-existing immunity to vaccine-preventable viral hepatitis infection was common: 132 (45%) …
Spiritual Care Within Oncology Care: Development Of A Spiritual Care Program At An Indian Health Service Hospital, Catherine Witte, Tamana D. Begay, Kathryn Coe
Spiritual Care Within Oncology Care: Development Of A Spiritual Care Program At An Indian Health Service Hospital, Catherine Witte, Tamana D. Begay, Kathryn Coe
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Spiritual care is essential in providing quality health care for patients and their families and is supported in the mission of the Indian Health Service (IHS). Their mission is to raise the physical, mental, social and spiritual health of American Indians and Alaska Natives to the highest level. This paper will describe the spiritual care programs at the Phoenix Indian Medical Center, an IHS hospital located in Phoenix, Arizona. Two hospital committees, the Volunteer Chaplains’ Association and the Traditional Cultural Advocacy Committee, provide spiritual care for the medical center and work to sustain a presence of spiritual and cultural awareness …
Quest For Vaccines To Treat Addiction, Rachel Florence
Quest For Vaccines To Treat Addiction, Rachel Florence
The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences
Drug addiction is a prime example of biochemical psychology. When people use drugs such as nicotine, they trigger dopamine receptors in the brain, causing a pleasurable sensation. People want to repeat the feeling and thus get addicted to the drug. With the development of a vaccine to treat addiction, researchers attempt to prevent drugs from crossing over the bloodbrain barrier and triggering the dopamine receptors. Experiments and clinical trials prove the efficacy of the nicotine vaccine. However, Phase III trials and additional research are necessary before the vaccine can be launched for public use.
Just Say No: The Case Against The Reclassification Of Buprenorphine, Ameet Sarpatwari
Just Say No: The Case Against The Reclassification Of Buprenorphine, Ameet Sarpatwari
University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class
No abstract provided.
Tobacco—The Lesser Evil, Samantha Graham
Tobacco—The Lesser Evil, Samantha Graham
Undergraduate Review
My mother has always referred to smoking cigarettes as “the lesser of the evils.” Hearing that statement from someone who has been in and out of drug and alcohol rehabilitation programs her whole life, I suppose you could sympathize with it. In fact, most rehabilitation centers dedicate certain times of the day just to allow their patients to smoke. Although my mother considers smoking not to be an “evil” worth sweating over, it will most likely ultimately result in her demise.
Wearing Memory Thin: The Effects Of High Fat Diet On Neuroinflammation And Memory, Ashley E.N. Watson, Emily C. Bruggeman, Marise B. Parent
Wearing Memory Thin: The Effects Of High Fat Diet On Neuroinflammation And Memory, Ashley E.N. Watson, Emily C. Bruggeman, Marise B. Parent
DISCOVERY: Georgia State Honors College Undergraduate Research Journal
No abstract provided.
Social Support, Gender, And Treatment-Seeking Behavior For Substance Abuse: Does Social Support Influence Treatment Attendance Among Substance Abusing Women And Men?, Robyn Borgman, Joanna Akin
Social Support, Gender, And Treatment-Seeking Behavior For Substance Abuse: Does Social Support Influence Treatment Attendance Among Substance Abusing Women And Men?, Robyn Borgman, Joanna Akin
DISCOVERY: Georgia State Honors College Undergraduate Research Journal
Women are less likely than men to seek treatment for substance abuse (alcohol and illicit drugs). In 2005, women comprised about 32% of all substance abusers seeking treatment (SAMHSA, 2005). One study found that 23% of men and 15.1% of women with alcohol abuse or dependence had ever received treatment, suggesting that a smaller proportion of substance abusing women receive treatment than substance abusing men (Greenfield et al., 2006). Reduced treatment-seeking among women may be due to an interaction of both external and internal barriers. External barriers are defined as socio-cultural or structural factors discouraging treatment attendance and internal barriers …
Quality Of Relationships And Alcohol Dependence In Young Adults, Darlene Belen, Allie Ramsay
Quality Of Relationships And Alcohol Dependence In Young Adults, Darlene Belen, Allie Ramsay
DISCOVERY: Georgia State Honors College Undergraduate Research Journal
Alcohol dependence and abuse in young adults is a growing problem, especially on college campuses. Relationships between young adults and their family members and peers appear to be factors that influence alcohol use. Previous research on alcohol use and relationships has primarily focused on relationship satisfaction or parent involvement, and few studies have investigated the quality of sibling and friend relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine how different dimensions of relationships (i.e., support, depth, and conflict) and relationship type (i.e., parent, sibling, significant other, and same-sex friend) are related to alcohol dependence in young adults. College students …