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The Effect Of Fixation Plate Length On Spinal Instability Following Anterior Cervical Plate Fixation For The Repair Of In Vitro Flexion-Distraction Injuries, Abdulaziz J. Al-Kuwari

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Abstract:

The Effect of Fixation Plate Length on Spinal Instability Following Anterior Cervical Plate Fixation for the Repair of in Vitro Flexion-Distraction Injuries

Introduction: Anterior cervical decompression and fusion with a plate (ACDFP) is a commonly performed treatment following a traumatic injury to the subaxial cervical spine. The purpose of the presented work was to determine the biomechanical effect of plate length on cervical spine kinematic stability following ACDFP stabilization for a simulated traumatic injury.

Methods: Eleven fresh-frozen cadaveric C5-C6 and C6-C7 motion segments were examined in this study. To assess kinematics, flexibility testing was performed on each specimen …

Blood Conservation In Total Hip Arthroplasty: Interim Analysis Of The Tranexamic Acid Comparison In Hip Replacement (Teach-R) Trial, Richard P. Nadeau

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Intravenous tranexamic acid (TEA) is used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to reduce blood loss. Concern of increased thromboembolic risk has prompted the search for treatment alternatives. The Tranexamic Acid Comparison in Hip Replacement (TeACH-R) trial is a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of intravenous and topical TEA in reducing perioperative blood loss. For interim data analysis, 52 of the planned 144 participants had completed the initial phase of the TeACH-R trial. No significant differences were identified between the intravenous and topical TEA treatment arms for delta-hemoglobin (ΔHgb; 34.81±13.78 vs. 35.65±15.54 mg/dL; p=0.840), calculated blood loss (1548±509 …

Functional Assessment And Potential Therapeutic Role Of Carbon Monoxide Releasing Molecule-­‐3 In A Rodent Model Of Compartment Syndrome, Al Walid Hamam

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Compartment syndrome (CS) is a life and limb threatening condition resulting in long term morbidity. Gold standard treatment of CS is surgical fasciotomy. Long-term morbidity is common post fasciotomy. We tested a gait analysis system (CatWalk™) to see if we could detect functional effects of CS in our rodent model. We also investigated the effects of carbon monoxide releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) on the function of gait in rodents post CS.

The CatWalkTM system was able to detect abnormalities in a rodent’s gait post CS. CORM-3 was also found to alleviate the functional deficits following CS. Multiple dose but not single …

The Repair, Reconstruction And Replacement Of The Coronoid Process, Bashar Alolabi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The coronoid process is the most important articular stabilizer of the elbow. While most large coronoid fractures are treated surgically with open reduction and internal fixation, there is limited data on the most effective fixation method. The strengths of five different coronoid fixation methods were assessed using a materials testing machine. Plate fixation proved to be stronger than screw fixation; two screws, regardless of the orientation, were stronger than one; and suture fixation was unreliable. In the setting of an unfixable coronoid fracture, reconstruction of the coronoid using the tip of the olecranon has been described. However, this technique has …

The Role Of Rotator Interval Closure In Bankart Lesion Repair, Lauren L. Rainsford

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Twenty-nine patients who had sustained an anterior shoulder dislocation were randomly assigned to receive Bankart lesion repair, or Bankart lesion repair with rotator interval closure. External rotation range of motion with 90° of abduction external rotation range of motion with no abduction, and forward flexion range of motion were measured preoperatively, and at three and six months postoperatively. Quality of life, function, and pain were measured preoperatively, and at three, six, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively. We found no significant differences between groups for any outcome but the confidence intervals were wide and definitive conclusions could not be made. This …

Pathophysiology Of Compartment Syndrome, Abdel-Rahman Lawendy

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Acute limb compartment syndrome (CS), a potentially devastating complication of musculoskeletal trauma, is characterized by increased pressure within a closed osseofascial compartment, resulting in muscle-threatening and ultimately limb-threatening ischemia. Urgent fasciotomy remains the only effective treatment and a current gold-standard surgical therapy. Despite a large body of literature dedicated to understanding the pathophysiology of CS, the mechanisms of CS-induced tissue damage are rather poorly understood. The established view is that increasing compartmental pressure compromises microcirculatory perfusion, restricting oxygen and nutrient delivery to vital tissues, resulting in cellular anoxia and severe tissue necrosis. However, unlike complete ischemia, CS causes myonecrosis in …