Medical Sciences Commons^™

The Current Landscape Of Antibody-Based Therapies In Solid Malignancies, Ashu Shah, Sanchita Rauth, Abhijit Aithal, Sukhwinder Kaur, Koelina Ganguly, Catherine Orzechowski, Grish C. Varshney, Maneesh Jain, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Over the past three decades, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the landscape of cancer therapy. Still, this benefit remains restricted to a small proportion of patients due to moderate response rates and resistance emergence. The field has started to embrace better mAb-based formats with advancements in molecular and protein engineering technologies. The development of a therapeutic mAb with long-lasting clinical impact demands a prodigious understanding of target antigen, effective mechanism of action, gene engineering technologies, complex interplay between tumor and host immune system, and biomarkers for prediction of clinical response. This review discusses the various approaches used by mAbs for …

Response Of An Aggressive Periosteal Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (Abc) Of The Radius To Denosumab Therapy., Chantal Pauli, Bruno Fuchs, Christian Pfirrmann, Julia A. Bridge, Silvia Hofer, Beata Bode

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC), once considered a reactive lesion, has been proven to be a neoplasia characterized by rearrangements of the USP6-gene. Aggressive local growth and recurrences are common and therapeutic options may be limited due to the vicinity of crucial structures. We describe a case of a locally aggressive, multinucleated giant cell-containing lesion of the forearm of a 21-year old woman, treated with denosumab for recurrent, surgically uncontrollable disease. Under the influence of this RANKL inhibitor, the tumor showed a marked reduction of the content of the osteoclastic giant cells and an extensive metaplastic osteoid production leading to the …

Emerging Trends For Radioimmunotherapy In Solid Tumors., Maneesh Jain, Suprit Gupta, Sukhwinder Kaur, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Due to its ability to target both known and occult lesions, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is an attractive therapeutic modality for solid tumors. Poor tumor uptake and undesirable pharmacokinetics, however, have precluded the administration of radioimmunoconjugates at therapeutically relevant doses thereby limiting the clinical utility of RIT. In solid tumors, efficacy of RIT is further compromised by heterogeneities in blood flow, tumor stroma, expression of target antigens and radioresistance. As a result significant efforts have been invested toward developing strategies to overcome these impediments. Further, there is an emerging interest in exploiting short-range, high energy α-particle emitting radionuclides for the eradication of …

Anticuerpos Contra El Virus De La Parainfluenza 3 En Cerdos De Crianza Tecnificada Y De Traspatio Beneficiados En Mataderos De Lima, Milagros P. Montesinos, Hermelinda G. Rivera, Mariluz Araínga

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

Parainfluenza 3 antibodies against (PI3) virus in pigs were determined from commercial (n = 192) and backyard farms (n = 192). Blood samples were collected at the slaughter house from pigs of 2 to 6 months of age of any sex for detecting antibodies against the PI3 virus by viral neutralization test. The 5.5 ± 2.3% (21/384) of the pigs had antibodies against PI3 virus, where 5.2 ± 1.1% (10/192) and 5.7 ± 1.2% (11/192) were from commercial and backyard farms respectively. The antibody titres ranged from 4 to 64 and were detected in pigs older than 3 months of …

Muc4 And Muc1 Expression In Adenocarcinoma Of The Stomach Correlates With Vessel Invasion And Lymph Node Metastasis: An Immunohistochemical Study Of Early Gastric Cancer., Yukihiro Tamura, Michiyo Higashi, Sho Kitamoto, Seiya Yokoyama, Masahiko Osako, Michiko Horinouchi, Takeshi Shimizu, Mineo Tabata, Surinder K. Batra, Masamichi Goto, Suguru Yonezawa

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

We have previously reported that MUC4 expression is a poor prognostic factor in various carcinomas. Our previous study also showed that MUC1 expression in gastric cancers, including the early and advanced stages is a poor prognostic factor. In the present study, the expression profiles of MUC4 and MUC1 were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using two anti-MUC4 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), 8G7 and 1G8, and anti-MUC1 MAb DF3 in 104 gastrectomy specimens of early gastric adenocarcinoma with submucosal invasion (pT1b2), including 197 histological subtype lesions. Before the IHC study of the human specimens, we evaluated the specificity of the two MAbs by …

Frecuencia De Leptospira Spp En Porcinos De Crianza Tecnificada Y De Traspatio Beneficiados En Dos Mataderos De Lima, Luis Anampa V., Hermelinda Rivera G., Nestor Falcon P., Mariluz Araínga, Mercy Ramirez V.

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of antibodies against Leptospira spp in pigs reared in five well-managed farms (n = 163) and from 11 backyard breeding (n = 133) owners in the valley Lima, Peru. Blood samples (n=296) were collected in two slaughterhouses for antibody detection against eight serovars of Leptospira by microaglutination test. The 85.8 ± 3.9% (254/296) of samples had antibodies against one or more serovars of Leptospira. . The 89.6 ± 4.7% (146/163) and 82.1 ± 6.5% (108/133) of samples from well-managed farms and from backyard breeding pigs showed antibodies against Leptospira spp. …

Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing The Non-Tandem Repeat Regions Of The Human Mucin Muc4 In Pancreatic Cancer., Maneesh Jain, Ganesh Venkatraman, Nicolas Moniaux, Sukhwinder Kaur, Sushil Kumar, Subhankar Chakraborty, Grish C. Varshney, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The MUC4 mucin is a high molecular weight, membrane-bound, and highly glycosylated protein. It is a multi-domain protein that is putatively cleaved into a large mucin-like subunit (MUC4α) and a C-terminal growth-factor like subunit (MUC4β). MUC4 plays critical roles in physiological and pathological conditions and is aberrantly overexpressed in several cancers, including those of the pancreas, cervix, breast and lung. It is also a potential biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and progression of several malignancies. Further, MUC4 plays diverse functional roles in cancer initiation and progression as evident from its involvement in oncogenic transformation, proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, motility and …

Prevalencia Del Virus De La Diarrea Viral Bovina Y De Animales Portadores Del Virus En Bovinos En La Provincia De Espinar, Cusco., Cesar Cardenas A., Hermelinda G. Rivera, Mariluz Araínga, Mercy Ramirez V., Jimmy De Paz M.

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in 406 cattle was evaluated of both sexes and older than 6 months. Animals belonged to 114 small farmers from three rural communities of the province of Espinar, Cusco, Peru. Blood samples were collected according to three age groups Ɩ-12, 13-23, >24 months old). Serum samples were tested for antibodies against BVDV using the viral neutralization test. The 56.2 ± 4.8% 鴤/406) of samples had antibodies against BVDV. Persistently infected animals were not detected. Antibodies were present in the three age groups, but the highest prevalence ࿡.4%) was detected in animals older …

Stromal Gene Signatures In Large-B-Cell Lymphomas., G Lenz, G Wright, S S Dave, W Xiao, J Powell, H Zhao, W Xu, B Tan, N Goldschmidt, Javeed Iqbal, Julie M. Vose, M Bast, Kai Fu, D D. Weisenburger, T C Greiner, James O. Armitage, A Kyle, L May, R D Gascoyne, J M Connors, G Troen, H Holte, S Kvaloy, D Dierickx, G Verhoef, J Delabie, E B Smeland, P Jares, A Martinez, A Lopez-Guillermo, E Montserrat, E Campo, R M Braziel, T P Miller, L M Rimsza, J R Cook, B Pohlman, J Sweetenham, R R Tubbs, R I Fisher, E Hartmann, A Rosenwald, G Ott, H-K Muller-Hermelink, D Wrench, T A Lister, E S Jaffe, W H Wilson, W C. Chan, L M Staudt

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

BACKGROUND: The addition of rituximab to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), or R-CHOP, has significantly improved the survival of patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. Whether gene-expression signatures correlate with survival after treatment of diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma is unclear.

METHODS: We profiled gene expression in pretreatment biopsy specimens from 181 patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma who received CHOP and 233 patients with this disease who received R-CHOP. A multivariate gene-expression-based survival-predictor model derived from a training group was tested in a validation group.

RESULTS: A multivariate model created from three gene-expression signatures--termed "germinal-center B-cell," "stromal-1," and "stromal-2"--predicted …

El Virus De La Diarrea Viral En Bovinos Criollos De La Provincia De Melgar, Puno, Q. Richard Quispe, Ccama Albert S., Hermelinda G. Rivera, Mariluz Araínga

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in 347 evaluated was criollo cattle of both sexes and older than 6 months of age in small herds of the province of Melgar, Puno. Serum samples were tested for antibodies against BVDV using the viral neutralization test. The 48.7 ± 0.1% (166/347) of the samples had antibodies against BVDV. Animals carrying on the virus, virus were not detected. Antibodies were detected in all sampled herds and the prevalence varied from 15.7 to 94.1%. Antibodies titers varied from 2 to >256, showing that BVDV infection is widespread in the local cattle …

Diarrea Viral Bovina Y Animales Portadores Del Virus En Hatos Productores De Leche De La Irrigación De Majes, Arequipa, John C. Huaman G., Hermelinda G. Rivera, Mariluz Araínga, Cesar Gavidia Ch., Alberto Manchego S.

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and persistently infected (PI) animals in dairy herds located in Majes, Arequipa, Peru. In the first phase, 204 bulk tank milk samples from herds were collected and sent to the local commercial processing plant in Majes for detection of antibodies against BVDV by indirect ELISA test. In the second phase, 286 blood samples from 57 were collected strong positive (Optical Density [OD] ≥ 0.900) for the detection of herds antibodies against BVDV and in PI animals by the indirect and capture ELISAs respectively. In …

Anticuerpos Contra El Virus De La Estomatitis Vesicularen Sajinos (Tayassu Tajacu) De Zoocriaderos De Iquitos Y Pucallpa, Aldo D. Wilson, Mariluz Araínga, Hugo Galvez C., Alberto Manchego S., Hermelinda G. Rivera

Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience

The objetive of this study was to detect antibodies against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) collared peccaries in (Tayassu tajacu) from farms of Iquitos and Pucallpa, Peru. Blood samples were collected in animals olders than 6 months of age (pregnant females were not included) from a farm in Iquitos (n = 21) and from four farms in Pucallpa (n = 47), for detection of antibodies against Indiana 1 and New Jersey serotype of VSV by viral neutralization test. No specific antibodies against both serotypes of VSV were detected, indicating that the peccaries were not exposed to VSV, and suggesting absence of …

Expression Of Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein-72 (Tag-72) Antigen In Human Prostatic Adenocarcinomas., Dev Karan, Sonny L. Johansson, Ming-Fong Lin, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tumor-specific antigens are usually defined by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and can play critical roles in the diagnosis and therapy of carcinomas. Despite advances in the understanding of the molecular genetics of human prostate carcinomas, therapeutic approaches require that tumor-specific markers, preferably on the cell surface, should be defined. In this study, we examined the expression of an oncofetal antigen tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG-72) in prostatic adenocarcinomas with a Gleason grade of six or higher. Using a second generation MAb CC49 against TAG-72, immunoreactivity was detected in 88% (29/33) of the prostatic cancer tissues. Occasionally, the benign epithelium showed a very faint …