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Full-Text Articles in Medical Sciences
Autoimmune Susceptibility Imposed By Public Tcrβ Chains, Yunqian Zhao
Autoimmune Susceptibility Imposed By Public Tcrβ Chains, Yunqian Zhao
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is the strongest genetic risk factor for autoimmunity. It acts together with a corresponding TCR repertoire, yet, considering the extent of the repertoire's diversity, how this imposes disease susceptibility on a population is not well understood. We address the hypothesis that shared or public TCR, those present in most individuals, modulate autoimmune risk. High resolution analyses of autoimmune encephalomyelitis-associated T-cell receptor β chain (TCRβ) showed preferential utilization of public TCR sequences, implicating them in pathogenesis. Disease-associated public TCRβ, when transgenically expressed in association with endogenously rearranged T-cell receptor α chain (TCRα), could further endow unprimed …
Transcriptional Regulation Of Peptidylarginine Deiminase Type Iv: Implications For Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ali Abbas
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
High titers of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies have been detected in sera of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, implicating citrullinating enzymes in the pathogenesis of RA. Peptidylarginine deiminase type IV (PAD4) is a member of the PAD family of enzymes that catalyze the post- translational modification of arginine to citrulline and has been linked with RA. However, little is known about its transcriptional regulation. Therefore, our aim was to determine how transcription of PAD4 is activated in the myeloid lineage. Using bioinformatics, a potential nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) binding site was identified on the PAD4 promoter. Luciferase assays were used to …
Reciprocity In Microbiome And Immune System Interactions And Its Implications In Disease And Health., Enayat Nikoopour, Bhagirath Singh
Reciprocity In Microbiome And Immune System Interactions And Its Implications In Disease And Health., Enayat Nikoopour, Bhagirath Singh
Microbiology & Immunology Publications
Adaptation of the whole microbial normal flora residing in a host to its natural habitat over an evolutionary period has resulted in peaceful coexistence with mutual benefits for both microbiota and host in steady state. This symbiotic relationship between host and microbiota has a significant impact on shaping the immune response in the host to achieve an immune tolerance to microbiota but retaining the ability to respond to invading pathogens. Perturbation of this balance by manipulation of microbial communities in the host can lead to immune dysregulation and susceptibility to diseases. By studying the host in the absence of microbiota …
B Cell Tolerance In Health And Disease, Murali Gururajan, Vishal J. Sindhava, Subbarao Bondada
B Cell Tolerance In Health And Disease, Murali Gururajan, Vishal J. Sindhava, Subbarao Bondada
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
B lymphocyte receptors are generated randomly during the bone marrow developmental phase of B cells. Hence, the B cell repertoire consists of both self and foreign antigen specificities necessitating specific tolerance mechanisms to eliminate self-reactive B cells. This review summarizes the major mechanisms of B cell tolerance, which include clonal deletion, anergy and receptor editing. In the bone marrow presentation of antigen in membrane bound form is more effective than soluble form and the role of dendritic cells in this process is discussed. Toll like receptor derived signals affect activation of B cells by certain ligands such as nucleic acids …