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Full-Text Articles in Diseases

Attenuated Negative Feedback In Monocyte-Derived Macrophages From Persons Living With Hiv: A Role For Ikaros, Celeste Faia, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Cecilia Vittori, Dorota Wyczechowska, Adam Lassak, Mary Meyaski-Schluter, Krzysztof Reiss, Francesca Peruzzi Nov 2021

Attenuated Negative Feedback In Monocyte-Derived Macrophages From Persons Living With Hiv: A Role For Ikaros, Celeste Faia, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Cecilia Vittori, Dorota Wyczechowska, Adam Lassak, Mary Meyaski-Schluter, Krzysztof Reiss, Francesca Peruzzi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Persons living with HIV (PLWH) are at higher risk of developing secondary illnesses than their uninfected counterparts, suggestive of a dysfunctional immune system in these individuals. Upon exposure to pathogens, monocytes undergo epigenetic remodeling that results in either a trained or a tolerant phenotype, characterized by hyper-responsiveness or hypo-responsiveness to secondary stimuli, respectively. We utilized CD14+ monocytes from virally suppressed PLWH and healthy controls for in vitro analysis following polarization of these cells toward a pro-inflammatory monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) phenotype. We found that in PLWH-derived MDMs, pro-inflammatory signals (TNFA, IL6, IL1B, miR-155-5p, and IDO1) dominate over negative feedback signals (NCOR2, …


Scaling Of Computed Tomography Body Composition To Height: Relevance Of Height-Normalized Indices In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Steven B. Heymsfield, Bette J. Caan Nov 2021

Scaling Of Computed Tomography Body Composition To Height: Relevance Of Height-Normalized Indices In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Steven B. Heymsfield, Bette J. Caan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Body weight scales to height with a power of ≈2 (weight/height2), forming the basis of body mass index (BMI). The corresponding scaling of body composition measured by abdominal computed tomography (CT) to height has not been established. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the scaling of body composition measured by a single-slice axial abdominal CT image (skeletal muscle, and visceral, subcutaneous, and total adipose tissue) to height in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: This cross-sectional study included non-Hispanic white males and females, aged 18–80 years, who were diagnosed with stage I–III CRC at an integrated health …


Trichomonas Vaginalis Detection In Urogenital Specimens From Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Men And Women Using The Cobas Tv/Mg Test, Barbara Van Der Pol, Arundhati Rao, Melinda B. Nye, Steven Chavoustie, Aaron Ermel, Clair Kaplan, David Eisenberg, Philip A. Chan, Leandro Mena, Sixto Pacheco, Ken B. Waites, Li Xiao, Smitha Krishnamurthy, Ruchika Mohan, Rasa Bertuzis, Chris L. Mcgowin, Rodney Arcenas, Elizabeth M. Marlowe, Stephanie N. Taylor Jul 2021

Trichomonas Vaginalis Detection In Urogenital Specimens From Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Men And Women Using The Cobas Tv/Mg Test, Barbara Van Der Pol, Arundhati Rao, Melinda B. Nye, Steven Chavoustie, Aaron Ermel, Clair Kaplan, David Eisenberg, Philip A. Chan, Leandro Mena, Sixto Pacheco, Ken B. Waites, Li Xiao, Smitha Krishnamurthy, Ruchika Mohan, Rasa Bertuzis, Chris L. Mcgowin, Rodney Arcenas, Elizabeth M. Marlowe, Stephanie N. Taylor

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Trichomonas vaginalis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection (STI). Diagnosis has historically relied on either microscopic analysis or culture, the latter being the previous gold standard. However, these tests are not readily available for male diagnosis, generally only perform well for symptomatic women, and are not as sensitive as nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). Men are largely asymptomatic but carry the organism and transmit to their sexual partners. This multicenter, prospective study evaluated the performance of the cobas T. vaginalis/Mycoplasma genitalium (TV/MG) assay for detection of T. vaginalis DNA compared with patient infection status (PIS) defined by a combination of …


The Effects Of Warfarin And Direct Oral Anticoagulants On Systemic Vascular Calcification: A Review, Kalaimani Elango, Awad Javaid, Banveet K. Khetarpal, Sathishkumar Ramalingam, Krishna Prasad Kolandaivel, Kulothungan Gunasekaran, Chowdhury Ahsan Mar 2021

The Effects Of Warfarin And Direct Oral Anticoagulants On Systemic Vascular Calcification: A Review, Kalaimani Elango, Awad Javaid, Banveet K. Khetarpal, Sathishkumar Ramalingam, Krishna Prasad Kolandaivel, Kulothungan Gunasekaran, Chowdhury Ahsan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Warfarin has been utilized for decades as an effective anticoagulant in patients with a history of strong risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Established adverse effects include bleeding, skin necrosis, teratogenicity during pregnancy, cholesterol embolization, and nephropathy. One of the lesser-known long-term side effects of warfarin is an increase in systemic arterial calcification. This is significant due to the association between vascular calcification and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have gained prominence in recent years, as they require less frequent monitoring and have a superior side effect profile to warfarin, specifically in relation to major bleeding. The …


Serious Adverse Events And 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rate Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Costas Papakostidis, Peter V Giannoudis, J. Tracy Watson, Robert Zura, R. Grant Steen Mar 2021

Serious Adverse Events And 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rate Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Costas Papakostidis, Peter V Giannoudis, J. Tracy Watson, Robert Zura, R. Grant Steen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgery which has evolved rapidly. However, there are no recent large systematic reviews of serious adverse event (SAE) rate and 30-day readmission rate (30-dRR) or an indication of whether surgical methods have improved. Methods: To obtain a pooled estimate of SAE rate and 30-dRR following TKA, we searched Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Data were extracted by two authors following PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria were defined prior to a comprehensive search. Studies were eligible if they were published in 2007 or later, described sequelae of TKA …


Fulminant Eosinophilic Myocarditis And Vt Storm, Kyle R. Hoppens, Hamid R. Alai, Jelena Surla, Hina O. Khokhar, Robert C. Hendel Mar 2021

Fulminant Eosinophilic Myocarditis And Vt Storm, Kyle R. Hoppens, Hamid R. Alai, Jelena Surla, Hina O. Khokhar, Robert C. Hendel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare and frequently fatal disease that is often undiagnosed until autopsy. We report a case of eosinophilic myocarditis with an unusual initial presentation of palpitations that subsequently evolved into ventricular tachycardia storm and death within 4 days.


The Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Moayed Ibrahim, Kshama Bhyravabhotla, Basil Khalaf, Keith Van Meter, Nakhle S Saba, Hana Safah, Francisco Socola Jan 2021

The Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Moayed Ibrahim, Kshama Bhyravabhotla, Basil Khalaf, Keith Van Meter, Nakhle S Saba, Hana Safah, Francisco Socola

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: To date, there are only a few case reports of cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in adult or pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) patients treated successfully with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). In all the reported cases, Cy was used as a part of the conditioning regimen, rather than post-transplant for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. More recently, the risk of HC in allogeneic SCT is further increased by the widespread use of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as a highly effective strategy for GVHD prophylaxis. This is the first case reported of PTCy-induced HC successfully treated with HBO to the best of our …