Dentistry Commons^™

The Effect Of Mechanical Vibration On Pain And Rate Of Tooth Movement During Initial Orthodontic Alignment, Leslie Ellingson

Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of mechanical vibration on pain experienced and rate of tooth movement (OTM) during the initial alignment phase of orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to control, low frequency or high frequency. An electric toothbrush was modified to provide high frequency vibration. A low frequency vibration device was acquired from a commercial vendor. Experimental groups applied vibration to the dentition for 20 minutes daily. All participants completed questionnaires using visual analog scales at five time points. Pain experience was measured in millimeters (mm) with the scale measuring …

Aesthetic Outcome Of Maxillomandibular Advancement Surgery For The Treatment Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Jennifer Curran

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Introduction:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in which complete or partial airway obstruction causes disruptive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Highly successful treatment outcomes for OSA utilizing maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery have been reported. However, due to the large degree of surgical advancement that is performed, concerns may exist regarding the final aesthetic result.

Objectives:

To evaluate facial profile changes in patients treated for OSA with MMA surgery utilizing panels of oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS), orthodontists (ORTHO) and laypeople (LAY).

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort analysis. Pre- and post-treatment silhouettes of patients who underwent …

Friction Testing Of Contemporary Self-Ligating Appliance Systems, Michael Greene

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: Resistance to tooth movement is multifactorial, with friction (FR) one of many important components. There is limited data comparing contemporary Passive and Active self-ligating bracket (SLB) systems in terms of FR created by archwire engagement. Aim: To compare classical FR in contemporary SLB systems and traditional twin brackets in vitro, and to identify the point of initiation of bracket-archwire engagement. Materials & Methods: Nine bracket systems of .022-in slot size were FR tested: Victory Series (3M Unitek) with elastic ligature (control); Passive SLB systems Damon Q (Ormco), Carriere SLX (Henry Schein), H4 (Ortho Classic), Altitude …

Binding Of Salivary Proteins To Orthodontic Brackets, Maria Pia Canales

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different orthodontic materials on the formation of the protein pellicle on the bracket surface.

Materials and Methods: We used X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to analyze the atomic composition of orthodontic metallic and ceramic brackets. Following XPS, the brackets were immersed in human whole saliva supernatant for 2-hour incubation at 37°C. Hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were used as control. Acquired pellicle was harvested with sonication for each group, and liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry was used for protein identification.

Results: Differences reported by XPS and mass spectrometry were noted …

Prediction Of Root Form Using Crown Data: Mandibular Left First Premolar, Matthew E. Durschlag

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine if a statistical shape model (SSM) of the lower left first premolar, consisting of both crown and root data, could adequately describe the root form from a surface scan consisting of only crown data. Secondly, it tested if there were any angles or measurements on the tooth crown that correlate with any aspects of root morphology. The average orthodontist practicing today or in the near future is likely to use or own a digital intraoral scanner in their office. Yet optical scans only allow visualization of the crowns of teeth and …

Factors Associated With Orthodontically Induced Apical Root Resorption Of Maxillary Incisors, Brandon Malan

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Resorption of root apices is a ubiquitous occurrence in orthodontic treatment. Although most occurrence of resorption during orthodontic treatment is clinically inconsequential, a small percentage of patients have a severe amount of root structure that is lost. There are factors that are widely accepted as responsible for apical root resorption (RR), such as heavy compressive forces on the periodontal ligament (PDL). Unfortunately, it is still largely unpredictable if one patient will experience more root loss than what is considered normal. Thus, it is of clinical interest to further study what factors play a role in RR. Purpose: The purpose …

Effects Of Wire Material, Deflection, And Interbracket Distance On Burstone Bracket Geometry Force Systems, Skyler J. Liatti

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective. This paper aims to quantify the effect of wire material, dimension, and deflection on the most identifiable feature of the six-geometries: the moment dissociation point (force system with no moment on the lesser angled bracket), which may or may not occur at the classically defined geometry IV. Materials and Methods. A six-degree of freedom load cell was used to measure the force systems in different combinations of wire materials, wire dimensions, total angle of bracket, and interbracket distance. Brackets were progressively rotated through Burstone and Koenig’s six geometries and the moment on the right bracket was plotted against the …

Comparison Of Tooth Length Measurements Made On Cbct And 3t Mr Images, Danielle A. Piano

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare tooth length measurements made on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and 3-Tesla (3T) magnetic resonance (MR) scans. Materials and Methods: One CBCT scan (NewTom5G, AFP Imaging, USA) and one 3T MR scan (Siemens Medical Solutions, DE) as performed on 12 subjects. CBCT images were captured with an 18x16 inch field of view that covered the whole head. Contiguous sagittal MR images of the whole head were produced in a 3.0T imaging system with a T1-weighted 3D imaging sequence (Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition by Gradient Echo (MP-RAGE), TP/TE = 1950/2.26 ms) …

Effects Of Palatal Expansion On Speech Production, Jason Milton Meinhardt

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Rapid palatal expanders (RPEs) are a commonly used orthodontic adjunct for the treatment of posterior crossbites. RPEs are cemented to bilateral posterior teeth across the palate and thus may interfere with proper tongue movement and linguopalatal contact. The purpose of this study was to identify what specific role RPEs have on speech sound production for the child and early adolescent orthodontic patient. Materials and Methods: RPEs were treatment planned for patients seeking orthodontics at Marquette University. Speech recordings were made using a phonetically balanced reading passage (“The Caterpillar”) at 3 time points: 1) before RPE placement; 2) immediately after …

Direct Visual Approximation Of Arch Length Discrepancy And Cephalometric Measurements, Bradley J. Wurm

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Arch length discrepancy and cephalometric analysis are critical components of orthodontic treatment planning. Both have direct effects on the decision to extract teeth or not and treatment mechanics as well. Visual approximation is the most common method used to analyze arch length discrepancy among practitioners. Current trends show a decrease in the amount of orthodontists completing a cephalometric analysis. Previous studies have shown a tendency for orthodontists to overestimate the degree of crowding when visually approximating on dental casts. No previous study has assessed the ability to visually approximate cephalometric angle measurements. The purpose of this survey was to …

Thermal Properties Of Commonly Used Clear Aligner Systems As-Received And After Clinical Use, Louis Wenger

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal properties, particularly glass transition temperature, of the polymers that are used to fabricate three different types of modern orthodontic aligners. Invisalign, (Align Technology, Inc, Santa Clara, CA, USA), Simpli5 (Allesee Orthodontic Appliances, Sturtevant, WI, USA), and ClearCorrect (ClearCorrect, Round Rock, TX, USA) were examined both as-received and after clinical use to determine if any differences were present both between and within aligners. Materials/Methods: Orthodontic aligners were collected from three different patients using the systems under investigation after two weeks of intraoral use. Duplicate, un-used samples were obtained from the …

The Effect Of Heat Treatment On The Bending Properties Of A Cobalt-Chromium Orthodontic Wire, Alex Schwab

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Elgiloy, a brand name of the original cobalt-chromium orthodontic wire, has been around for more than 50 years; yet despite this, little literature is available. Most of the literature on Elgiloy wires tends to evaluate the wires in tension. For these reasons, this study aimed to determine the bending properties of the four available tempers of Elgiloy wires and how heat treatment affects the wires’ bending properties. Materials and Methods: All four tempers of Elgiloy (red, yellow, green, and blue) were ordered in straight lengths containing 20 wires per pack that are each 0.018 inches in diameter and 14 …

Reliability Of Digital Dental Cast Measures As Compared To Cone-Beam Computed Tomography For Analyzing The Transverse Dimension, Brian Michel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of this study was to assess the consistency in diagnosing the transverse dimension on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as compared to digital dental models. The study consisted of 11 patients with posterior crossbite at the level of the first molar and 17 patients with no crossbite at the level of the first molar. 13 patients were male and 15 patients were female with an overall mean age of 13.6 years. Eight linear measurements and two angular measurements were made on CBCT images of the patients and six linear measurements were made on the corresponding digital dental casts. …

A Retrospective Lateral Cephalometric Growth Study Of Sagittal Airway Changes, Grace H. Woo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: This study retrospectively examined the average sagittal dimensions in the pharyngeal airway from skeletal and dental Class I males and females from 7 to 16 years of age utilizing longitudinal data from the American Association of Orthodontists Foundation Craniofacial Growth Legacy Collection. The study evaluated whether average sagittal airway dimensions differed between males and females at each age, and whether the sagittal airway dimension changed with increasing age. Materials and Methods: Sagittal airway dimension based on identifiable anatomical landmarks were digitally traced and measured from the longitudinal lateral cephalograms of 30 females and 32 males from the AAOF Growth …

Solving The Complications Of Treating A Unilateral Submerged And Ankylosed Maxillary Permanent First Molar – A Case Report, Han-Wen Yang, Hsin-Yi Lo, Kwong-Wa Li, Liang-Ru Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The study reported an adult orthodontic case with a unilateral ankylosed upper permanent first molar. A number of complications occurred, including occlusal plane canting, dental midline deviation and asymmetric molar relationship. The case demonstrated the mechanics used to solve all the complications we met. The case also showed the phenomenon that after extraction of the ankylosed tooth, the bone remodeling mechanism of the bone in situ seemed abnormal and resulted in difficulty of protracting the tooth into the extracted site. All the above reasons, therefore, resulted in prolonged treatment time. In addition, the case also demonstrated the method we used …

Investigation Of Medical Disputes Involving Dentists Performing Orthodontic Treatments In Taiwan, Chih-Ling Lin, Sheng-Pin Hsu, Yu-Kun Chih

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Introduction: Medical disputes have received increasing attention in recent years. Under the assistance of the academic and medical affairs committees of the Taiwan Association of Orthodontists, this study explored medical disputes among orthodontists performing orthodontic treatments in Taiwan in 2016. Methods: This study adopted a questionnaire survey, which was divided into three sections, namely the surveyed orthodontists’ demographic information, medical services, and subjective views on orthodontic-related medical disputes. The results were compared with those from a study conducted in 2010. Subsequently, topics related to clear aligner therapy and orthognathic surgery were examined. Results: The results indicated that 32.3% of the …

Molar Distalization By Temporary Anchorage Devices (Tad S) – A Review Article, Jun Ming Tan, Yi-Min Liu, Hung-Cheng Chiu, Yi-Jane Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Clinically, there are many ways to achieve molar distalization, such as skeletal anchorage, extraoral anchorage, sliding jig, lip bumper, and pendulum, etc. Although several methods have been described to distalize molars or total dentition, there is no strong scientific evidence of the effectiveness of various methods. To date, temporary anchorage devices (TADs) are increasingly used as orthodontic anchorage sources because of its strong anchorage, including endoosseous implants, miniplates, miniscrews and microscrews. Application of bony anchorage makes teeth move more efficiently, without depending on patient compliance in wearing appliance. However, only case reports and small case series have been published on …

Camouflage Orthodontic Treatment For Adultpatient With Skeletal Class Iii Malocclusion And Bilateral Posterior Cross-Bite, Rouh-Hwai Wang, Hsin-Lan Shen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This 23-year-old female presents with skeletal Class III malocclusion, complicated by prominent chin projection, bilateral posterior lingual cross-bite, missing of bilateral maxillary first molars, and severely lingualtilted lower second molars. The treatment modality was conventional edgewise appliance with bilateral lower first premolar extraction. A favorable result of ideal overbite and overjet and correction of bilateral posterior cross-bite were achieved. The patient was satisfied the improvement of function and esthetics after treatment.

Dental Pulp Response To Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Chih-Wei Wang, Kai-Long Wang, Kwok-Hing Ho, Shun-Chu Hsieh, Heng-Ming Chang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Pulp vitality may occasionally change while tooth experiencing orthodontic movement, and orthodontists are the particular group who concern this phenomenon if it happens. The respiration rate of dental pulp will be depressed inevitably in short term when tooth is subject to orthodontic force. If force level is extreme, circulatory interruption can occur and further induce pulp necrosis. When orthodontic movement on pulpalcompromised teeth (e.g. teeth with trauma history or large restorations) is required, the pulp response to orthodontic force should be monitored. This article provides an overall review on the pulpal reactions during orthodontic movement and dental movement on teeth …

Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment With Molar Protraction In A Patient With Skeletal Class Iii Anterior Open Bite And Facial Asymmetry, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Cheng-Hui Lin, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A 20-year-old young male complained of his protrusive and deviated chin. He also presented occlusal plane cant, anterior open bite and unrestorable maxillary right first molar and mandibular left first molar. The severe maxilla-mandibular discrepancy was solved with surgery-first double jaw orthognathic surgery. The space of two extracted first molars was closed by protraction of the second and third molars after surgery. Two protraction techniques were used in this case, including closing maxillary right first molar space with reciprocal retraction, and closing mandibular left first molar with one miniscrew as an absolute anchorage. Careful biomechanical consideration was used during protraction …

A 4-Year Follow-Up Of A Rare Case With Ectopic Eruption Of The Permanent Second Molars Associated With Resorption Of The Permanent First Molars, Hui-I Chen, Wen-Hui Hsieh, Chih-Hsiang Chan, Hsuan-Fang Lai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A rare case-a 11-year-old boy with ectopic eruption of all the permanent second molars associated with resorption of all the permanent first molars was reported. Severe root resorption was found in the mandibular first molars, while moderate root resorption was found in the maxillary first molars. There were several points should be addressed into consideration: (1) young age; (2) the third molars will probably be brought into occlusion in the future; (3) Class III jaw relationship. The orthodontic treatment was approached with two-stage. Stage I treatment was aimed to upright the mandibular second molars after removal of the mandibular first …

Combine The Orthodontic-Orthognathic Surgical Correction On Class Ii Division 2 Malocclusion, Supawadee Hasprayoon, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Ying-An Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This case report illustrates a combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment option for correction of Class II division 2 malocclusion. A 31-year-old female patient, presenting a chief complaint of gummy smile and backward position of anterior teeth, came to seek for treatment. She had skeletal Class II with hypodivergent facial type and mild asymmetric face. Intraoral examination revealed a severe deep bite with 13 mm overbite. The pre-surgical orthodontic treatment consisted of proclination of the maxillary incisors and increased in overjet to provide space for surgical advancement of mandible; the mandibular curve of Spee was partially leveled and maintained some parts of …

Is Early Treatment With Functional Appliances Worth The Effort? A Discussion Of The Pros And Cons Of Early Interceptive Treatment, Ib Leth Nielsen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Early treatment of Class II, Div. 1 malocclusion is a much debated approach and some evidence based studies using a single appliance concluded that this approach was often not worthwhile. This article will discuss the pros and cons of early treatment with functional appliances and present guidelines for early treatment. The role of facial growth and dentoalveolar development, and growth intensity will be discussed as they relate to treatment outcome. A retention protocol for early treatment with functional appliances will be suggested.

Maxillofacial Distraction Osteogenesis, Hong-Po Chang, Tsau-Mau Chou, Yu-Chuan Tseng, Jen-Hao Chen, Han-Jen Hsu, Pao-Hsin Liu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Distraction osteogenesis in the maxillofacial skeleton is an increasingly popular alternative to many conventional orthognathic surgical procedures. This review summarizes recent data regarding the biological and biomechanical basis of distraction osteogenesis, its advantages and disadvantages, and special considerations in maxillofacial distraction. Intraoral mandibular distraction osteogenesis, maxillary and midfacial distraction, and alveolar distraction osteogenesis are discussed. This review also discusses sutural expansion/maxillary protraction osteogenesis and orthodontically induced periodontal osteogenesis, which are similar to physeal osteogenesis. In the near future, improved understanding of biomolecular mechanisms that mediate distraction osteogenesis may guide the development of targeted strategies that use molecular mediators, growth factors, …

The Use Of Oral Appliances For Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (Osahs ), You-Ning Gao, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Ming-Hsien Lan, Wen-Chung Chang, Yuan-Yi Tung

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repetitive obstructions of the upper airway during sleep. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the primary choice of treatment for OSAHS, but many patients are unable or unwilling to comply with the treatment. The modification of pharyngeal patency by oral appliances (OA) is an alternative treatment for OSAHS. This article provides a brief review and information of the oral appliance application in treating OSAHS.

Non-Surgical Treatment For A Patient With Angle Class Ii Division 2 Malocclusion With Severe Deep Bite: A Case Report, Yuan-Jung Wang, Jia-Iin Chang, Aaron Yu-Jen Wu, Ren-Jye Chen, Shiu-Shiung Lin, Te-Ju Wu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This report describes a non-surgical orthodontic treatment for a 36-year-old male patient who had Class II division 2 malocclusion (Class II/2) with deep bite more than 100%, gingival recession, and periodontal abscess in the mandibular anterior region. Patient had history of trauma in region. The surgical intervention was once suggested but was refused by the patient. The compromised but acceptable final results were achieved by nonsurgical approach. The treatment plan included periodontal control, maxillary incisor intrusion and restoration of the collapsed occlusion. The total treatment duration was 43 months. The patient was satisfied with the treatment outcomes via interdisciplinary approach …

The Orthodontic Treatment Of Bilateral Impacted Maxillary Canines - A Case Report, Yu-Hsuan Chang-Chien, Li-Tyng Sun, Te-Ju Wu, Chia-Ling Tsai, Wei-Yung Hsu, Shiu-Shiung Lin

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The maxillary canine impaction is a specific topic in orthodontic treatment. Because of its important role in esthetics and occlusal function, preservation and alignment of the impacted canine would always be the priority in teenage orthodontics. In addition to the routine analysis of the space distribution for the impacted canines, orthodontists should also consider the growth potential to achieve proper treatment outcome. This case report presents the orthodontic treatment of a 14-year-old boy with bilateral maxillary canine impaction. With fixed orthodontic appliance, the bilaterally impacted canines were successfully aligned into maxillary dentition with good interdigitation. The prevalence, etiology and the …

Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment Of A Patient With Severe Skeletal Class Iii Anterior Open Bite And High Mandibular Plane By Preserving The Posterior Facial Height, Tz-Ya Hung, Wei-Cheng Lee, Benjamin Lo, Philip Kuo-Ting Chen, Lih-Juh Chou, Chung-Hsing Li

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Class III malocclusions with a hyperdivergent vertical facial pattern are often difficult to treat without combining the surgical-orthodontic approach. The aim of this article is to present a collaborative management of a case with severe skeletal class III and anterior open bite. The 19-year-old man was characterized with midface deficiency, mandibular prognathism, high mandibular plane angle, long lower facial height, and excessive anterior open bite. The achievement of a stable surgical setup in interdigitation prior to orthognathic surgery (OGS) is critical for a successful treatment via dental decompensation. Two-jaw surgery with clockwise rotation of the maxilla and bilateral sagittal split …

Segmental Maxillomandibular Rotational Advancement To Correct Obstructive Sleep Apnea In A Patient Skeletal Class Ii Malocclusion - A Case Report, Yea-Ling Yang, Sam Sheng-Pin Hsu, Clement Cheng-Hui Lin

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The first priority to solve the sleep-disordered breathing could be soft-tissue surgery or non-surgical therapy such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, in patients with incomplete remission or relapse, the sleep quality and day time symptoms may persist. The case report presented a young man with main problems of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Skeletal Class II maxillary protrusion. We proposed a segmental maxillomandibular rotational advancement (SMMRA) with surgery-first procedure at the end of his puberty. The surgical orthodontic treatment achieved good outcome of function and esthetics at the same time. The polysomnogrphic data and airway dimension were dramatically …

Relationship Of The Surface Electromyography In Masticatory Muscles With The Vertical Facial Patt Erns And Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Carol Yi-Hsuan Chen, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Introduction: Controversy about the relationship among masticatory muscles, craniofacial morphology and the orthodontic anchorage preparation has not yet been clarified in the literatures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the vertical facial patterns and masticatory surface electromyography (sEMG) influence the molar anchorage and characteristic orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: Subjects for this study comprised 18 patients with a mean age of 23.7 years who had completed orthodontic treatment with therapeutic symmetric extraction. The sEMG data were acquired at the time of bracket debond. The sEMG of anterior temporalis and masseter muscles were recorded during the rest position and …