Dentistry Commons^™

Authentic Leadership In Illness Blogs: What We Can Learn From Jaw Surgery Bloggers, Marilyn Mitchell

Marilyn Mitchell

This paper argues that authentic leadership theory provides a useful model for explaining the communication of orthognathic or jaw surgery bloggers. Previous studies concluded that illness blogs can empower patients, but no research considered any leadership theory as a model for blogging. For this study, 24 publicly available blogs were analyzed to find expressions that demonstrated each of the four components of authentic leadership, which are self-awareness, relational transparency, communication based upon an internalized moral perspective, and balanced processing of information. The research also analyzed blog comments to find expressions that demonstrated followers’ development of the positive psychological capacities of …

Orofacial Pain Overview: Getting Rid Of The Riddles, Andrew L. Young

Andrew L. Young

While most pains that find their way to the dental office are dental in origin, some have less familiar roots: muscular, joint, neurological, headache, sinus or psychological. All of these roots can at times masquerade as a toothache. The purpose of this article is to alert the dentist to the select features of each root that distinguish it from the rest, resulting in efficient and appropriate treatment.

Antimicrobial Peptide Coating Of Dental Implants: Biocompatibility Assessment Of Recombinant Human Beta Defensin-2 For Human Cells, Patrick Warnke, Eske Voss, Paul Russo, Sebastien Stephens, Michael Kleine, Hendrik Terheyden, Qin Liu

Qin Liu

Purpose: Artificial materials such as dental implants are at risk of bacterial contamination in the oral cavity. Human beta defensins (HBDs), small cationic antimicrobial peptides that exert a broad-spectrum antibacterial function at epithelial surfaces and within some mesenchymal tissues, could probably help to reduce such contamination. HBDs also have protective immunomodulatory effects and have been reported to promote bone remodeling. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the influence of recombinant HBD-2 on the proliferation and survival of cells in culture.

Materials and Methods: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), human osteoblasts, human keratinocytes (control), and the HeLa cancer …

Comparison Of In Vitro Biocompatibility Of Nanobone(®) And Biooss(®) For Human Osteoblasts, Qin Liu, Timothy Douglas, Christiane Zamponi, Stephan Becker, Eugene Sherry, Sureshan Sivananthan, Frauke Warnke, Jörg Wiltfang, Patrick Warnke

Qin Liu

Introduction:Scaffolds for bone tissue engineering seeded with the patient's own cells might be used as a preferable method to repair bone defects in the future. With the emerging new technologies of nanostructure design, new synthetic biomaterials are appearing on the market. Such scaffolds must be tested in vitro for their biocompatibility before clinical application. However, the choice between a natural or a synthetic biomaterial might be challenging for the doctor and the patient. In this study, we compared the biocompatibility of a synthetic bone substitute, NanoBone®, to the widely used natural bovine bone replacement material BioOss®.Material and methods: The in …

Proliferation Assessment Of Primary Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells On Collagen Membranes For Guided Bone Regeneration, Qin Liu, A. Humpe, D. Kletsas, F. Warnke, S. Becker, T. Douglas, S. Sivananthan, P. Warnke

Qin Liu

Purpose: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) hold the potential for bone regeneration because of their self-renewing and multipotent character. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of collagen membranes on the proliferation of hMSCs derived from bone marrow. A special focus was set on short-term eluates derived from collagen membranes, as volatile toxic materials washed out from these membranes may influence cell behavior during the short time course of oral surgery.

Materials and Methods: The proliferation of hMSCs seeded directly on a collagen membrane (BioGide) was evaluated quantitatively using the cell proliferation reagent WST-1 (4-3-[4-iodophenyl]-2-[4-nitrophenyl]-2H-[5-tetrazolio]-1, …

A Retrospective Review Of Clinical International Normalized Ratio Results And Their Implications, Thomas Radmer, Moawia Kassab, James Glore

Thomas W Radmer

Warfrin is a key element in therapy for atrial fibrillation, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), stroke (cerebrovascular accident and cardiac valve replacement . The authors searced 16,017 active clinical charts for active patients of record for the years 2009-2010. The authors found that 1.96 percent of total Marquette University Dental Clinic patients had a history of warfrin use. INR values for a significant number of dental patients are not within the therapeutic range for their medical conditions. The patients physcian was contacted for warfrin dose regulation prior to invasive dental procedures.

Safe Zone For Bone Harvesting From The Interforaminal Region Of The Mandible, O. Al-Ani, P. Nambiar, K. O. Ha, W.C. Ngeow

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Aims: The mandibular incisive nerve can be subjected to iatrogenic injury during bone graft harvesting. Using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), this study aims to determine a safe zone for bone graft harvesting that avoids injuring this nerve. Methods: Sixty CBCT examinations of patients were included in this study. The examinations were taken using the i-CAT CBCT imaging system, applying a standardized exposure protocol. Image reconstruction from the raw data was performed using the SimPlant dental implant software. The distances of mandibular incisive canal (MIC) to the inferior border and the labial and lingual cortices of the mandible were measured …

A Comparison Between The Effects Of Three Potential Scar-Reducing Agents Applied At A Site Of Sciatic Nerve Repair, W.C. Ngeow, S. Atkins, C. R. Morgan, A. D. Metcalfe, F. M. Boissonade, A. R. Loescher, P. P. Robinson

Wei Cheong Ngeow

We have investigated the effect of three potential scar-reducing agents applied at a sciatic nerve repair site in C57-black-6 mice. Under anaesthesia the nerve was transected, repaired using four epineurial sutures, and 100 mu l of either triamcinolone acetonide (1 mg/100 mu l), an interleukin-10 peptide fragment: (125 ng/100 mu l or 500 ng/100 mu l) or mannose-6-phosphate (M6P, 200 mM or 600 mM) was injected into and around the nerve. After 6 weeks the extent of regeneration was assessed electrophysiologically by determining the ratio of the compound action potential (CAP) modulus evoked by electrical stimulation of the nerve 2 …

Differentiation Of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Into Islet-Like Aggregates, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

The post-natal dental pulp tissue contains a population of multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells known as dental pulp stromal/stem cells (DPSCs), with high proliferative potential for self-renewal. In this investigation, we explored the potential of DPSCs to differentiate into pancreatic cell lineage resembling islet-like cell aggregates (ICAs). We isolated, propagated, and characterized DPSCs and demonstrated that these could be differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineage upon exposure to an appropriate cocktail of differentiating agents. Using a three-step protocol reported previously by our group, we succeeded in obtaining ICAs from DPSCs. The identity of ICAs was confirmed as islets by dithiozone-positive …

3d-Fe Analysis Of Functionally Graded Structured Dental Posts, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

This study aimed to compare the biomechanical behaviour of functionally graded structured posts (FGSPs) and homogenous-type posts in simulated models of a maxillary central incisor. Two models of FGSPs consisting of a multilayer xTi-yHA composite design, where zirconia and alumina was added as the first layer for models A and B respectively were compared to homogenous zirconia post (model C) and a titanium post (model D). The amount of Ti and HA in the FGSP models was varied in gradations. 3D-FEA was performed on all models and stress distributions were investigated along the dental post. In addition, interface stresses between …

Inherent Differential Propensity Of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived From Human Deciduous And Permanent Teeth, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Introduction: Lately, several new stem cell sources and their effective isolation have been reported that claim to have potential for therapeutic applications. However, it is not yet clear which type of stem cell sources are most potent and best for targeted therapy. Lack of understanding of nature of these cells and their lineage-specific propensity might hinder their full potential. Therefore, understanding the gene expression profile that indicates their lineage-specific proclivity is fundamental to the development of successful cell-based therapies. Methods: We compared proliferation rate, gene expression profile, and lineage-specific propensity of stem cells derived from human deciduous (SCD) and permanent …

Injection Of Botulinum Toxin Type A (Botox) Into Trigger Zone Of Trigeminal Neuralgia As A Means To Control Pain, W.C. Ngeow, R. Nair

Wei Cheong Ngeow

This article illustrates a case of persistent trigeminal neuralgia in a medically compromised 65-year-old female who did not respond to pharmacotherapy. She had undergone several peripheral neurectomies as well as a failed right posterior fossa exploration that resulted in a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Persistent pain over the right external nasal area and right mental region was relieved for several hours after daily injections of bupivacaine. A trial of a single dose of 100 units of botulinum toxin type A (BOTOX) diluted in 2.5 mL saline was injected into the external nasal trigger zone (60 units) and to the mental nerve …

Cutting Efficiency Of Dental Burs-A Pilot Study, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Objectives: This study aim to evaluate the cutting efficiency of tungsten carbide burs (TC) and rotary diamond instruments by measuring their rake angle and visual examination of their cutting surfaces respectively, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Method: 60 short and long head pear-shaped TC and 18 round rotary diamond instruments that had been used to prepare < than 5, > than 5 and > than 10 cavities were selected from the 3rd & 4th year dental students, Dental Faculty, University of Malaya. 12 cylindrical and flame rotary diamond instruments were also selected from the 5th year students. The rake angle of TC was …

Push-Out Bond Strength Of Luting Agents To Fibre-Reinforced Post: An In Vitro Study, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of various luting agents on bond strength of fibre-reinforced posts to root canal dentine. 40 extracted single rooted sound premolar teeth were root filled, decoronated and randomly divided into four groups. Fibre posts, Aestheti-Plus (TM) (Bisco,Inc. Schaumburg, IL, USA) were cemented using four luting agents: Group A (control): Elite 1000 Zinc phosphate (GC Corp, Japan), Group B: Calibra (TM) Esthetic Resin Cement (Dentsply Caulk, USA), Group C: RelyX ARC Adhesive Resin (3M ESPE), Group D: RelyX Unicem Aplicap (3M ESPE). Each roots were sliced into 2 discs representing the coronal …

Median Mental Sinus In Twins, W.C. Ngeow, S. T. Ong

Wei Cheong Ngeow

Sinus on the chin can be the result of a chronic apical abscess due to pulp necrosis of a mandibular anterior tooth. The tooth is usually asymptomatic, and a dental cause is therefore not apparent to the patient or the unsuspecting clinician. Not infrequently, the patient may seek treatment from a dermatologist or general surgeon instead of a dentist. Excision and repair of the fistula may be carried out with subsequent breakdown because the dental pathology is not removed. This paper reports the presence of median mental sinus of dental origin in twins. One case healed following root canal therapy …

The Ball Mill As A Means Of Investigating The Mechanical Failure Of Dental Materials, Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim Abu Kasim N.H.

Objective: The main purpose of this paper is to present a new method of predicting clinical performance using mechanical loading in a ball mill. Methods: A series of four experiments (two involving a hybrid composite and one each on orthodontic brackets and bands) is described in which the ball mill was used to subject specimens to mechanical fatigue. Results: A reproducibility study using composite beam specimens showed no significant difference between the Mean Survival Time (MST) in all the three experimental runs (P = 0.42). When subjected to thermal cycling, the MST of the cycled group was 155.0 min compared …