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The Role Of The Recently Deorphanized G-Protein Coupled Receptor, Gpr171, In Morphine Tolerance And Withdrawal, Leela Afrose

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Opioid analgesics, such as morphine, represent the gold standard pain killer and the most frequently used drugs for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Despite being a potent analgesic, morphine has unwanted and dangerous side effects with repeated use, such as tolerance and withdrawal. Tolerance is a state when a person no longer responds to a drug and a higher dose is required to achieve the same initial pain relief. Withdrawal is a set of undesirable psychological and physiological symptoms that occur after someone stops taking a drug or reduces the dose. Morphine tolerance and withdrawal play a vital …