Anatomy Commons^™

Robotically Steered Needles: A Survey Of Neurosurgical Applications And Technical Innovations, Michel A. Audette, Stéphane P.A. Bordas, Jason E. Blatt

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper surveys both the clinical applications and main technical innovations related to steered needles, with an emphasis on neurosurgery. Technical innovations generally center on curvilinear robots that can adopt a complex path that circumvents critical structures and eloquent brain tissue. These advances include several needle-steering approaches, which consist of tip-based, lengthwise, base motion-driven, and tissue-centered steering strategies. This paper also describes foundational mathematical models for steering, where potential fields, nonholonomic bicycle-like models, spring models, and stochastic approaches are cited. In addition, practical path planning systems are also addressed, where we cite uncertainty modeling in path planning, intraoperative soft tissue …

Deformable Multisurface Segmentation Of The Spine For Orthopedic Surgery Planning And Simulation, Rabia Haq, Jérôme Schmid, Roderick Borgie, Joshua Cates, Michel Audette

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Purpose: We describe a shape-aware multisurface simplex deformable model for the segmentation of healthy as well as pathological lumbar spine in medical image data.

Approach: This model provides an accurate and robust segmentation scheme for the identification of intervertebral disc pathologies to enable the minimally supervised planning and patient-specific simulation of spine surgery, in a manner that combines multisurface and shape statistics-based variants of the deformable simplex model. Statistical shape variation within the dataset has been captured by application of principal component analysis and incorporated during the segmentation process to refine results. In the case where shape statistics hinder detection …

Use Of An Optical Scanning Device To Monitor The Progress Of Noninvasive Treatments For Chest Wall Deformity: A Pilot Study, Robert E. Kelly Jr., Robert J. Obermeyer, Ann Kuhn, Frazier W. Frantz, Mohammad F. Obeid, Nahom Kidane, Frederic D. Mckenzie

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: The nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity by a vacuum bell or external brace is gradual, with correction taking place over months. Monitoring the progress of nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity has relied on the ancient methods of measuring the depth of the excavatum and the protrusion of the carinatum. Patients, who are often adolescent, may become discouraged and abandon treatment. Methods: Optical scanning was utilized before and after the intervention to assess the effectiveness of treatment. The device measured the change in chest shape at each visit. In this pilot study, patients were included if they were …