Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrates: A Guise Of Adenocarcinoma, Mourad Ismail, Raminderjit Sekhon

NYMC Faculty Publications

Small and non-small cell lung cancer present in a variety of radiologic and clinical patterns, and have been linked to smoking. Primary adenocarcinoma of the lung has been increasingly recognized in females and nonsmokers, often presenting a diagnostic challenge. In the absence of smoking history, these radiographic patterns may be initially misdiagnosed as an infectious or inflammatory condition, often delaying the diagnosis of malignancy. We report two cases of female patients with relatively short or no smoking history presenting with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates not typically seen in primary lung cancer, which created a diagnostic challenge, ultimately diagnosed as primary lung …

Macrolides Selectively Inhibit Mutant Kcnj5 Potassium Channels That Cause Aldosterone-Producing Adenoma, Ute Scholl, Laura Abriola, Chengbiao Zhang, Esther Reimer, Mark Plummer, Wenhui Wang, Richard Lifton

NYMC Faculty Publications

Aldosterone-producing adenomas (APAs) are benign tumors of the adrenal gland that constitutively produce the salt-retaining steroid hormone aldosterone and cause millions of cases of severe hypertension worldwide. Either of 2 somatic mutations in the potassium channel KCNJ5 (G151R and L168R, hereafter referred to as KCNJ5MUT) in adrenocortical cells account for half of APAs worldwide. These mutations alter channel selectivity to allow abnormal Na+ conductance, resulting in membrane depolarization, calcium influx, aldosterone production, and cell proliferation. Because APA diagnosis requires a difficult invasive procedure, patients often remain undiagnosed and inadequately treated. Inhibitors of KCNJ5MUT could allow noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of …

Ketamine Use For Successful Resolution Of Post-Ercp Acute Pancreatitis Abdominal Pain, S Agerwala, D Sundarapandiyan, Garret Weber

NYMC Faculty Publications

We report a case in which a patient with intractable pain secondary to post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) acute pancreatitis is successfully treated with a subanesthetic ketamine infusion. Shortly after ERCP, the patient reported severe stabbing epigastric pain. She exhibited voluntary guarding and tenderness without distension. Amylase and lipase levels were elevated. Pain persisted for hours despite hydromorphone PCA, hydromorphone boluses, fentanyl boluses, and postprocedure anxiolytics. Pain management was consulted and a ketamine infusion was trialed, leading to a dramatic reduction in pain. This case suggests that ketamine may be a promising option in treating intractable pain associated with ERCP acute …

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Diagnosis And Management In Young People: A Primer, P Rowe, R Underhill, K Friedman, A Gurwitt, Marvin Medow, M Schwartz, N Speight, Julian Stewart, R Vallings, K Rowe

NYMC Faculty Publications

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex disease that affects children and adolescents as well as adults. The etiology has not been established. While many pediatricians and other health-care providers are aware of ME/CFS, they often lack essential knowledge that is necessary for diagnosis and treatment. Many young patients experience symptoms for years before receiving a diagnosis. This primer, written by the International Writing Group for Pediatric ME/CFS, provides information necessary to understand, diagnose, and manage the symptoms of ME/CFS in children and adolescents. ME/CFS is characterized by overwhelming fatigue with a substantial loss of physical and mental stamina. …

Clinical Applications Of Pd-L1 Bioassays For Cancer Immunotherapy, Delong Liu, Shuhang Wang, Wendy Bindeman

NYMC Faculty Publications

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a biomarker that can help to predict responses to immunotherapies targeted against PD-L1 and its receptor (PD-1). Companion tests for evaluating PD-L1 expression as a biomarker of response have been developed for many cancer immunotherapy agents. These assays use a variety of detection platforms at different levels (protein, mRNA), employ diverse biopsy and surgical samples, and have disparate positivity cutoff points and scoring systems, all of which complicate the standardization of clinical decision-making. This review summarizes the current understanding and ongoing investigations regarding PD-L1 expression as a potential biomarker for clinical outcomes …

A Comparative Study Of Three Different Types Of Stem Cells For Treatment Of Rat Spinal Cord Injury, Jiri Ruzicka, L Machova-Urdzikova, John Gillick, T Amemori, N Romanyuk, K Karova, K Zaviskova, J Dubisova, S Kubinova, Raj Murali, E Sykova, Meena Jhanwar-Uniyal, P Jendelova

NYMC Faculty Publications

Three different sources of human stem cells-bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), neural progenitors (NPs) derived from immortalized spinal fetal cell line (SPC-01), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-were compared in the treatment of a balloon-induced spinal cord compression lesion in rats. One week after lesioning, the rats received either BM-MSCs (intrathecally) or NPs (SPC-01 cells or iPSC-NPs, both intraspinally), or saline. The rats were assessed for their locomotor skills (BBB, flat beam test, and rotarod). Morphometric analyses of spared white and gray matter, axonal sprouting, and glial scar formation, as well as qPCR and Luminex assay, were conducted to …

Npy1 Receptor Agonist Modulates Development Of Depressive-Like Behavior And Gene Expression In Hypothalamus In Sps Rodent Ptsd Model, Lidia Serova, H Mulhall, Esther Sabban

NYMC Faculty Publications

Delivery of neuropeptide Y (NPY) to the brain by intranasal infusion soon after traumatic stress has shown therapeutic potential, and prevented development of many behavioral and neuroendocrine impairments in the single prolonged stress (SPS) animal model of PTSD. Therefore, we examined whether the Y1R preferring agonist [Leu(31)Pro(34)]NPY is sufficient to prevent development of SPS induced depressive-like behavioral changes, and hypothalamic gene expression as obtained with intranasal NPY intervention. Male Sprague-Dawely rats were given intranasal infusion of either NPY (150 mug/rat), a low (68 mug /rat), or high (132 mug/rat) dose of [Leu(31)Pro(34)]NPY or vehicle immediately following the last SPS stressor, …

Outcomes In Necrotizing Enterocolitis (Nec) Treated With Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (Gcsf) And Intravenous Immunoglobulin (Ivig) Vs Standard Of Care Alone: Rct Interim Safety Analysis, Sanjeet Panda, Courtney Briggs-Steinberg, Brian Debenedictis, Sri Narayana, Edmund F. La Gamma

NYMC Faculty Posters

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And In-Hospital Outcomes Of Uremic And Dialysis Pericarditis: A United States National Study, Srikanth Yandrapalli, Zeeshan Solangi, Wilbert S. Aronow, Sachin Sule, Howard A. Cooper, Savneek Chugh

NYMC Faculty Posters

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Blood Pressure, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Medical Students’ Proficiency With A Handheld Ophthalmoscope: A Pilot Study, Gregory Gilmour, James M. Mckivigan

College of Health & Human Services (TUN) Publications and Research

Introduction: Historically, testing medical students’ skills using a handheld ophthalmoscope has been difficult to do objectively. Many programs train students using plastic models of the eye which are a very limited fidelity simulator of a real human eye. This makes it difficult to be sure that actual proficiency is attained given the differences between the various models and actual patients. The purpose of this article is to introduce a method of testing where a medical student must match a patient with his/her fundus photo, ensuring objective evaluation as well as developing skills on real patients which are more likely to …

Are Contact Lenses An Effective Vehicle For Ocular-Disease Drug Delivery?, Chana Haimowitz

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Due to numerous drawbacks with current modes of treatment for various ocular diseases, researchers are synthesizing drug dispensing contact lenses. The lenses will contribute to greater bioavailability of the drug, the minimization of negative side effects, and increased patient compliance. As treatment for glaucoma, in vivo studies have been conducted with latanoprost, timolol maleate, and brimonidine tartrate-eluting lenses, and have succeeded in reducing intraocular pressure to desired values (Ciolino et al., 2016), (Schultz and Mint, 2002). As treatment for fungal keratitis, in vitro studies prove that econazole and natamycin-eluting contact lenses have been successful in killing 100% of fungi for …

Do Antibiotics In Early Life Contribute To Obesity?, Shimon Kadosh

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

In recent years, science has made great strides in its understanding of the microbiome, discovering that it plays a role in regulating many body processes. One area of study is the microbiomes interaction and influence on host metabolic processes. Studies using both mice and humans have established a clear correlation between obesity and the composition of the microbiome, identifying a microbiome unique to obese individuals. Furthermore, experiments with germ-free mice have shown that the microbiome effects host metabolism, causing germ free mice to increase in mass when inoculated with normal microbiota. Inoculation with microbiota from obese mice yielded greater increases …

Repurposing Diabetes Drugs To Treat Insulin Resistance In Alzheimer’S Disease‌, Yael Lazarus

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition which results in a significant decline in cognitive status. Novel treatment approaches for Alzheimer’s are sorely needed, as current medications for the disease offer only marginal clinical benefit. Research has discovered a connection between the pathology of Alzheimer’s and Type 2 Diabetes, two serious and seemingly unrelated disorders. Clinical studies have shown that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with brain insulin resistance similar to the pathology of Type 2 Diabetes. This observation has led to the notion that drugs developed for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes may be beneficial in modifying the cognitive function …

Is It Time To Start Using Mitochondrial Dna Copy Number As An Indicator Of Health And Diseases?, Vasudeva G. Kamath

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (Middletown) Publications and Research

The author discusses whether the medical community should seriously investigate the numerical relation of mitochondrial DNA copy number as a health indicator.

Comparison Of Inappropriate Shocks And Other Health Outcomes Between Single- And Dual-Chamber Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators For Primary Prevention Of Sudden Cardiac Death: Results From The Cardiovascular Research Network Longitudinal Study Of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Pamela N. Peterson, Robert T. Greenlee, Alan S. Go, David J. Magid, Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow, Romel Garcia-Montilla, Alan H. Kadish

Office of the President Publications and Research

Background In US clinical practice, many patients who undergo placement of an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention of sudden cardiac death receive dual‐chamber devices. The superiority of dual‐chamber over single‐chamber devices in reducing the risk of inappropriate ICD shocks in clinical practice has not been established. The objective of this study was to compare risk of adverse outcomes, including inappropriate shocks, between single‐ and dual‐chamber ICDs for primary prevention.

Methods and Results We identified patients receiving a single‐ or dual‐chamber ICD for primary prevention who did not have an indication for pacing from 15 hospitals within 7 integrated health …