Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Higher Midazolam Clearance In Obese Adolescents Compared With Morbidly Obese Adults., Anne Van Rongen, Margreke J E Brill, Janelle D Vaughns, Pyry A J Välitalo, Eric P A Van Dongen, Bert Van Ramshorst, Jeffrey S Barrett, Johannes N Van Den Anker, Catherijne A J Knibbe

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

The clearance of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A substrates is reported to be reduced with lower age, inflammation and obesity. As it is unknown what the overall influence is of these factors in the case of obese adolescents vs. morbidly obese adults, we studied covariates influencing the clearance of the CYP3A substrate midazolam in a combined analysis of data from obese adolescents and morbidly obese adults.

Methods

Data from 19 obese adolescents [102.7 kg (62–149.5 kg)] and 20 morbidly obese adults [144 kg (112–186 kg)] receiving intravenous midazolam were analysed, using population pharmacokinetic modelling (NONMEM 7.2). In the covariate analysis, …

Data On The Effect Of Sex On The Size, Cellular Content, And Neuronal Density Of The Developing Brain In Mice Exposed To Isoflurane And Carbon Monoxid, L Wang, A Wang, W W. Supplee, K Koffler, Y Cheng, Z M.N. Quezado, R J. Levy

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

The data presented here detail the changes in size, cellular content, and neuronal density of the developing brain over time with respect to sex in C57Bl/6 mice following neonatal exposure to isoflurane, carbon monoxide, or their combination. Specifically, brain weight- and brain volume-to-body weight ratios are presented, representative immunoblots of whole brain cell-specific protein content are depicted, and quantification of the number of neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex and CA3 region of the hippocampus are shown. Three discrete postnatal time points are represented: P7 (prior to exposure), P14 (one-week post exposure), and P42-56 (5–7 weeks post exposure). Major findings …

Subanesthetic Ketamine For Pain Management In Hospitalized Children, Adolescents, And Young Adults: A Single-Center Cohort Study, K A. Sheehy, C Lippoid, A L. Rice, R Nobrega, Julia C. Finkel, Zenaide Quezado

Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Publications

¹Division of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Perioperative Medicine, The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, ²Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, USA *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Subanesthetic doses of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist used as an adjuvant to opioid for the treatment of pain in adults with acute and chronic pain, have been shown, in some instances, to improve pain intensity and to decrease opioid intake. However, less is …

Boiling Histotripsy Lesion Characterization On A Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound System., Avinash Eranki, Navid Farr, Ari Partanen, Karun Sharma, Hong Chen, Christopher T Rossi, Satya V V N Kothapalli, Matthew Oetgen, Aerang Kim, Ayele H Negussie, David Woods, Bradford J Wood, Peter C W Kim, Pavel S. Yarmolenko

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non-invasive therapeutic technique that can thermally ablate tumors. Boiling histotripsy (BH) is a HIFU approach that can emulsify tissue in a few milliseconds. Lesion volume and temperature effects for different BH sonication parameters are currently not well characterized. In this work, lesion volume, temperature distribution, and area of lethal thermal dose were characterized for varying BH sonication parameters in tissue-mimicking phantoms (TMP) and demonstrated in ex vivo tissues.

METHODS: The following BH sonication parameters were varied using a clinical MR-HIFU system (Sonalleve V2, Philips, Vantaa, Finland): acoustic power, number of cycles/pulse, total …

Non-Invasive Placental Perfusion Imaging In Pregnancies Complicated By Fetal Heart Disease Using Velocity-Selective Arterial Spin Labeled Mri, Zungho Zun, Greg Zaharchuk, Nickie Niforatos Andescavage, Mary T. Donofrio, Catherine Limperopoulos

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The placenta is a vital organ for fetal growth and development during pregnancy. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. Despite the parallel development of the placenta and fetal heart early in pregnancy, very few studies suggested an association between placental dysfunction and fetal CHD. In this study, we report placental perfusion of healthy pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by fetal CHD measured using advanced fetal MRI techniques. We studied forty-eight pregnant women (31 healthy volunteers and 17 with fetal CHD) that underwent fetal MRI during their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Placental …

Relationship Of Common Vascular Anatomy To Cannulated Catheters., Paul Gagne, Karun Sharma

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Superficial veins of the upper extremity are the primary location for placement of peripheral IV catheters (PIVC). It is believed that a significant portion of PIVCs placed may cross or abut valves and branching veins or occlude a significant portion of the vein, limiting the ability to aspirate blood from the PIVC. Two separate clinical investigations using ultrasound were performed to understand the potential interaction between PIVCs and the vein lumen and the venous valves and branches of the superficial veins of the upper extremity. One study with 35 adult volunteers interrogated 210 vein segments where a PIV would likely …

Ct And Pet Findings For Urachal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report, Merissa Zeman, Ethan Silver, Esma A. Akin

Radiology Faculty Publications

As urachal adenocarcinomas are rare cancers, experience with diagnosing and staging them are limited. To help illustrate CT and PET imaging findings and the role they each play in the workup of urachal adenocarcinomas, we present the case of a 43 y.o. male who was diagnosed at our institution with a T3aN0M0 high grade mucin-producing urachal adenocarcinoma.

Composite Iron Oxide–Prussian Blue Nanoparticles For Magnetically Guided T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Photothermal Therapy Of Tumors, Shraddha Kale, Rachel Burga, Elizabeth E. Sweeney, Zungho Zun, Raymond Sze, Anthony Tuesca, J Anand Subramony, Rohan Fernandes

Radiology Faculty Publications

Theranostic nanoparticles offer the potential for mixing and matching disparate diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities within a single nanoparticle for the personalized treatment of diseases. In this article, we present composite iron oxide-gadolinium-containing Prussian blue nanoparticles (Fe3O4@GdPB) as a novel theranostic agent for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) of tumors. These particles combine the well-described properties and safety profiles of the constituent Fe3O4 nanoparticles and gadolinium-containing Prussian blue nanoparticles. The Fe3O4@GdPB nanoparticles function both as effective MRI contrast agents and PTT agents as determined by characterizing studies performed in vitro and retain their properties in the presence …