Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sustained Antidepressant Effect Of Ketamine Through Nmdar Trapping In The Lhb, Shuangshuang Ma, Christopher J Lingle, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist

The Natural History Of Curve Behavior After Brace Removal In Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Literature Review, Scott Luhmann, Daphna Zaaroor-Regev, Vidyadhar V Upasani, Harry Shufflebarger

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Brace treatment is the most common nonoperative treatment to prevent curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The goal of this review and analysis is to characterize curve behavior after completion of brace treatment and to identify factors that may facilitate the estimation of long-term curve progression.

METHOD: A review of the English language literature was completed using the MEDLINE (PUBMED) database of publications after 1990 until September 2020. Studies were included if they detailed a minimum of 1 year post-brace removal follow-up of AIS patients. Data retrieved from the articles included Cobb angle measurements of the major curves …

Study Protocol For The Innovative Support For Patients With Sars-Cov-2 Infections Registry (Inspire): A Longitudinal Study Of The Medium And Long-Term Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Matthew Thompson, Bala Hota, Michael Gottlieb, Ian D Plumb, Anna Marie Chang, Lauren E Wisk, Aron J Hall, Ralph C Wang, Erica S Spatz, Kari A Stephens, Ryan M Huebinger, Samuel A Mcdonald, Arjun Venkatesh, Nikki Gentile, B. H. Slovis, Mandy Hill, Sharon Saydah, Ahamed H Idris, Robert Rodriguez, Harlan M Krumholz, Joann G Elmore, Robert A Weinstein, Graham Nichol

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Reports on medium and long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections largely lack quantification of incidence and relative risk. We describe the rationale and methods of the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Registry (INSPIRE) that combines patient-reported outcomes with data from digital health records to understand predictors and impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: INSPIRE is a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study of individuals with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in eight regions across the US. Adults are eligible for enrollment if they are fluent in English or Spanish, reported symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and if they are within 42 days …

Treatment Preferences For Pharmacological Versus Psychological Interventions Among Primary Care Providers In Nepal: Mixed Methods Analysis Of A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial., Anvita Bhardwaj, Dristy Gurung, Sauharda Rai, Bonnie N Kaiser, Cori L Cafaro, Kathleen J Sikkema, Crick Lund, Nagendra P Luitel, Brandon A. Kohrt

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

There is increasing evidence supporting the effectiveness of psychological interventions in low- and middle-income countries. However, primary care providers (PCPs) may prefer treating patients with medication. A secondary exploratory analysis of a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate psychological vs. pharmacological treatment preferences among PCPs. Thirty-four health facilities, including 205 PCPs, participated in the study, with PCPs in 17 facilities assigned to a standard version of the mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) training delivered by mental health specialists. PCPs in the other 17 facilities received mhGAP instruction delivered by specialists and people with lived experience of …

Noncoding-Rna-Based Therapeutics With An Emphasis On Prostatic Carcinoma-Progress And Challenges., Victor E. Nava, Pin-Yu Perera, Nirbhay Kumar, Maneesh Jain

Pathology Faculty Publications

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) defy the central dogma by representing a family of RNA molecules that are not translated into protein but can convey information encoded in their DNA. Elucidating the exact function of ncRNA has been a focus of discovery in the last decade and remains challenging. Nevertheless, the importance of understanding ncRNA is apparent since these molecules regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level exerting pleiotropic effects critical in development, oncogenesis, and immunity. NcRNAs have been referred to as "the dark matter of the nucleus", and unraveling their role in physiologic and pathologic processes will provide vast …

Single-Agent Mosunetuzumab Shows Durable Complete Responses In Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas: Phase I Dose-Escalation Study, Lihua E Budde, Nancy L Bartlett, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Mosunetuzumab is a bispecific antibody targeting CD20 and CD3 that redirects T cells to engage and eliminate malignant B cells and is being developed for relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs).

METHODS: This first-in-human trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02500407) evaluated the safety and tolerability and efficacy of mosunetuzumab in patients with R/R B-NHL and established the recommended phase II dose. Data from dose escalation are presented. Single-agent mosunetuzumab was administered intravenously in 3-week cycles, at full dose in cycle 1 day 1 (group A) or with ascending (step-up) doses during cycle 1 on days 1, 8, and 15 …

The Earth Biogenome Project 2020: Starting The Clock., Harris A Lewin, Stephen Richards, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Miguel L Allende, John M Archibald, Miklós Bálint, Katharine B Barker, Bridget Baumgartner, Katherine Belov, Giorgio Bertorelle, Mark L Blaxter, Jing Cai, Nicolette D Caperello, Keith Carlson, Juan Carlos Castilla-Rubio, Shu-Miaw Chaw, Lei Chen, Anna K Childers, Jonathan A Coddington, Dalia A Conde, Montserrat Corominas, Keith A. Crandall, Andrew J Crawford, Federica Dipalma, Richard Durbin, Thankgod E Ebenezer, Scott V Edwards, Olivier Fedrigo, Paul Flicek, Giulio Formenti, Richard A Gibbs, M Thomas P Gilbert, Melissa M. Goldstein, Jennifer Marshall Graves, Henry T Greely, Igor V Grigoriev, Kevin J Hackett, Neil Hall, David Haussler, Kristofer M Helgen, Carolyn J Hogg, Sachiko Isobe, Kjetill Sigurd Jakobsen, Axel Janke, Erich D Jarvis, Warren E Johnson, Steven J M Jones, Elinor K Karlsson, Paul J Kersey, Jin-Hyoung Kim, W John Kress, Shigehiro Kuraku, Mara K N Lawniczak, James H Leebens-Mack, Xueyan Li, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Xin Liu, Jose V Lopez, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Sophie Mazard, Jonna A K Mazet, Camila J Mazzoni, Eugene W Myers, Rachel J O'Neill, Sadye Paez, Hyun Park, Gene E Robinson, Cristina Roquet, Oliver A Ryder, Jamal S M Sabir, H Bradley Shaffer, Timothy M Shank, Jacob S Sherkow, Pamela S Soltis, Boping Tang, Leho Tedersoo, Marcela Uliano-Silva, Kun Wang, Xiaofeng Wei, Regina Wetzer, Julia L Wilson, Xun Xu, Huanming Yang, Anne D Yoder, Guojie Zhang

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Staging May Influence Management In Users: A Survey Study., Vishal A. Patel, Catherine Mccullum, Andrew D. Sparks, Chrysalyne D Schmults, Sarah T Arron, Anokhi Jambusaria-Pahlajani

Dermatology Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: This study aims to determine whether there is consensus regarding staging and management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) across the various specialties that manage this disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey regarding CSCC high-risk features, staging, and management was created and emailed to cutaneous oncology experts including dermatology, head and neck surgery/surgical oncology, radiation oncology, and medical oncology.

RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six (46%) of 357 invited physicians completed the survey. Depth of invasion (92%), perineural invasion (99%), histologic differentiation (85%), and patient immunosuppression (90%) achieved consensus (>80%) as high-risk features of CSCC. Dermatologists were more likely to …

Risk Factors For Progression Or Death After First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy In Real-World Patients In The Usa With Ovarian Cancer From 2011 To 2018, Shannon N Westin, Melinda Louie-Gao, Divya Gupta, Premal H Thaker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Timing Of Antibiotic Therapy In The Icu, Marin H Kollef, Andrew F Shorr, Matteo Bassetti, Jean-Francois Timsit, Scott T Micek, Andrew P Michelson, Jose Garnacho-Montero

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Severe or life threatening infections are common among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Most infections in the ICU are bacterial or fungal in origin and require antimicrobial therapy for clinical resolution. Antibiotics are the cornerstone of therapy for infected critically ill patients. However, antibiotics are often not optimally administered resulting in less favorable patient outcomes including greater mortality. The timing of antibiotics in patients with life threatening infections including sepsis and septic shock is now recognized as one of the most important determinants of survival for this population. Individuals who have a delay in the administration of antibiotic …

Heterogeneity Of Magnitude, Allergen Immunodominance, And Cytokine Polarization Of Cockroach Allergen-Specific T Cell Responses In Allergic Sensitized Children., Ricardo Da Silva Antunes, Aaron Sutherland, April Frazier, Veronique Schulten, Anna Pomés, Jill Glesner, Agustin Calatroni, Matthew C Altman, Robert A Wood, George T O'Connor, Jacqueline A Pongracic, Gurjit K Khurana Hershey, Carolyn M Kercsmar, Rebecca S Gruchalla, Michelle Gill, Andrew H Liu, Edward Zoratti, Meyer Kattan, Paula J Busse, Leonard B Bacharier, Stephen J. Teach, Lisa M Wheatley, Alkis Togias, William W Busse, Daniel J Jackson, Alessandro Sette

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background: Characterization of allergic responses to cockroach (CR), a common aeroallergen associated with asthma, has focused mainly on IgE reactivity, but little is known about T cell responses, particularly in children. We conducted a functional evaluation of CR allergen-specific T cell reactivity in a cohort of CR allergic children with asthma.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from 71 children, with mild-to-moderate asthma who were enrolled in a CR immunotherapy (IT) clinical trial, prior to treatment initiation. PBMC were stimulated with peptide pools derived from 11 CR allergens, and CD4+ T cell responses assessed by intracellular cytokine staining. …

Mortality In Children Treated With Maintenance Peritoneal Dialysis: Findings From The International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network Registry., Sophie Ploos Van Amstel, Marlies Noordzij, Dagmara Borzych-Duzalka, Nicholas C. Chesnaye, Hong Xu, Lesley Rees, Il-Soo Ha, Zenaida L. Antonio, Nakysa Hooman, William Wong, Karel Vondrak, Yok Chin Yap, Hiren Patel, Maria Szczepanska, Sara Testa, Monica Galanti, Jameela A. Kari, Charlotte Samaille, Sevcan A. Bakkaloglu, Wai-Ming Lai, Luisa Fernanda Rojas, Mabel Sandoval Diaz, Biswanath Basu, Alicia Neu, Bradley A. Warady, Kitty J. Jager, Franz Schaefer

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Research on pediatric kidney replacement therapy (KRT) has primarily focused on Europe and North America. In this study, we describe the mortality risk of children treated with maintenance peritoneal dialysis (MPD) in different parts of the world and characterize the associated demographic and macroeconomic factors.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Patients younger than 19 years at inclusion into the International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network registry, who initiated MPD between 1996 and 2017.

EXPOSURE: Region as primary exposure (Asia, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Latin America, North America, and Oceania). Other demographic, clinical, and macroeconomic (4 …

Differential Effects Of The Novel Neurosteroid Hypnotic (3Β,5Β,17Β)-3-Hydroxyandrostane-17-Carbonitrile On Electroencephalogram Activity In Male And Female Rats, Srdjan M Joksimovic, Dayalan Sampath, Kathiresan Krishnan, Douglas F Covey, Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic, Yogendra H Raol, Slobodan M Todorovic

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We recently showed that a neurosteroid analogue, (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile (3β-OH), induced hypnosis in rats. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypnotic and anaesthetic potential of 3β-OH further using electroencephalography.

METHODS: We used behavioural assessment and cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power analysis to examine hypnotic and anaesthetic effects of 3β-OH (30 and 60 mg kg

RESULTS: We found dose-dependent sex differences in 3β-OH-induced hypnosis and EEG changes. Both male and female rats responded similarly to i.p. 3β-OH 30 mg kg

CONCLUSIONS: Based on its behavioural effects and EEG signature, 3β-OH is a potent hypnotic in rats, with …

Initial Antimicrobial Management Of Sepsis, Michael S Niederman, Rebecca M Baron, Lila Bouadma, Thierry Calandra, Nick Daneman, Jan Dewaele, Marin H Kollef, Jeffrey Lipman, Girish B Nair

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Sepsis is a common consequence of infection, associated with a mortality rate > 25%. Although community-acquired sepsis is more common, hospital-acquired infection is more lethal. The most common site of infection is the lung, followed by abdominal infection, catheter-associated blood steam infection and urinary tract infection. Gram-negative sepsis is more common than gram-positive infection, but sepsis can also be due to fungal and viral pathogens. To reduce mortality, it is necessary to give immediate, empiric, broad-spectrum therapy to those with severe sepsis and/or shock, but this approach can drive antimicrobial overuse and resistance and should be accompanied by a commitment to …

Association Of Nonacute Opioid Use And Cardiovascular Diseases: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Jade H. Singleton, Erin L. Abner, Peter D. Akpunonu, Anna M. Kucharska-Newton

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND

In this scoping review, we identified and reviewed 23 original articles from the PubMed database that investigated the relationship between nonacute opioid use (NOU) and cardiovascular outcomes.

METHODS AND RESULTS

We defined NOU to include both long-term opioid therapy and opioid use disorder. We summarized the association between NOU and 5 classes of cardiovascular disease, including infective endocarditis, coronary heart disease (including myocardial infarction), congestive heart failure, cardiac arrythmia (including cardiac arrest), and stroke. The most commonly studied outcomes were coronary heart disease and infective endocarditis. There was generally consistent evidence of a positive association between community prevalence of …

Multiparametric Early Detection And Prediction Of Cardiotoxicity Using Myocardial Strain, T1 And T2 Mapping, And Biochemical Markers: A Longitudinal Cardiac Resonance Imaging Study During 2 Years Of Follow-Up, Sorin Giusca, Grigorios Korosoglou, Moritz Montenbruck, Blaž Geršak, Arne Kristian Schwarz, Sebastian Esch, Sebastian Kelle, Pia Wülfing, Susan Dent, Daniel Lenihan, Henning Steen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Our goal was to evaluate the ability of cardiovascular magnetic resonance for detecting and predicting cardiac dysfunction in patients receiving cancer therapy. Left ventricular ejection fraction, global and regional strain utilizing fast-strain-encoded, T1 and T2 mapping, and cardiac biomarkers (troponin and BNP [brain natriuretic peptide]) were analyzed.

METHODS: Sixty-one patients (47 with breast cancer, 11 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and 3 with Hodgkin lymphoma) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance scans at baseline and at regular intervals during 2 years of follow-up. The percentage of all left ventricular myocardial segments with strain ≤-17% (normal myocardium [%]) was analyzed. Clinical cardiotoxicity (CTX) and …

One-Year Urinary And Sexual Outcome Trajectories Among Prostate Cancer Patients Treated By Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective Study, Lin Yang, Jung Ae Lee, Emily Heer, Claire Pernar, Graham A Colditz, Ratna Pakpahan, Kellie R Imm, Eric H Kim, Robert L Grubb 3rd, Kathleen Y Wolin, Adam S Kibel, Siobhan Sutcliffe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: To examine one-year trajectories of urinary and sexual outcomes, and correlates of these trajectories, among prostate cancer patients treated by radical prostatectomy (RP).

METHODS: Study participants were recruited from 2011 to 2014 at two US institutions. Self-reported urinary and sexual outcomes were measured at baseline before surgery, and 5 weeks, 6 months and 12 months after surgery, using the modified Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-50 (EPIC-50). Changes in EPIC-50 scores from baseline were categorized as improved (beyond baseline), maintained, or impaired (below baseline), using previously-reported minimum clinically important differences.

RESULTS: Of the 426 eligible participants who completed the baseline …

User Testing Of A Diagnostic Decision Support System With Machine-Assisted Chart Review To Facilitate Clinical Genomic Diagnosis., Alanna Kulchak Rahm, Nephi A Walton, Lynn K Feldman, Conner Jenkins, Troy Jenkins, Thomas N Person, Joeseph Peterson, Jonathon C Reynolds, Peter N Robinson, Makenzie A Woltz, Marc S Williams, Michael M Segal

Faculty Research 2021

OBJECTIVES: There is a need in clinical genomics for systems that assist in clinical diagnosis, analysis of genomic information and periodic reanalysis of results, and can use information from the electronic health record to do so. Such systems should be built using the concepts of human-centred design, fit within clinical workflows and provide solutions to priority problems.

METHODS: We adapted a commercially available diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) to use extracted findings from a patient record and combine them with genomic variant information in the DDSS interface. Three representative patient cases were created in a simulated clinical environment for user …

In-Laboratory Breast Specimen Radiography Reduces Tissue Block Utilization And Improves Turnaround Time Of Pathologic Examination, Sri Krishna Chaitanya Arudra, Laura C Garvey, Ian S Hagemann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine whether in-laboratory specimen radiography reduces turnaround time or block utilization in surgical pathology.

METHODS: Specimens processed during a 48-day trial of an in-lab cabinet radiography device (Faxitron) were compared to a control group of specimens imaged in the mammography suite during a prior 1-year period, and to a second group of specimens not undergoing imaging of any type.

RESULTS: Cases imaged in the mammography suite had longer turnaround time than cases not requiring imaging (by 1.15 days for core biopsies, and 1.73 days for mastectomies; p < 0.0001). In contrast, cases imaged in-lab had turnaround time that was no longer than unimaged cases (p > 0.05 for core biopsies, lumpectomies and mastectomies). …

The Association Between Overnight Fasting And Body Mass Index In Older Adults: The Interaction Between Duration And Timing., Qian Xiao, Cici Bauer, Tracy Layne, Mary Playdon

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms play an important role in the regulation of eating and fasting, and mistimed dietary intakes may be detrimental to metabolic health. Extended overnight fasting has been proposed as a strategy to better align the eating-fasting cycle with the internal circadian clock, and both observational and experimental studies have linked longer overnight fasting with lower body weight. However, it remains unclear if the timing of overnight fasting modifies the relationship between fasting duration and weight outcomes.

METHODS: The current study included 495 men and 499 women age 50-74 years. Dietary intake over 12 months was assessed by 24-h …

Microbiota Restoration Reduces Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Gut Colonization In Patients With Recurrent Clostridioides Difficile Infection From The Open-Label Punch Cd Study, Amy Langdon, Drew J Schwartz, Christopher Bulow, Xiaoqing Sun, Tiffany Hink, Kimberly A Reske, Courtney Jones, Carey-Ann D Burnham, Erik R Dubberke, Gautam Dantas, Cdc Prevention Epicenter Program

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Once antibiotic-resistant bacteria become established within the gut microbiota, they can cause infections in the host and be transmitted to other people and the environment. Currently, there are no effective modalities for decreasing or preventing colonization by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Intestinal microbiota restoration can prevent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) recurrences. Another potential application of microbiota restoration is suppression of non-C. difficile multidrug-resistant bacteria and overall decrease in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (the resistome) within the gut microbiota. This study characterizes the effects of RBX2660, a microbiota-based investigational therapeutic, on the composition and abundance of the gut microbiota and …

A Timely Call To Arms: Covid-19, The Circadian Clock, And Critical Care, Jeffrey Haspel, Minjee Kim, Phyllis Zee, Tanja Schwarzmeier, Sara Montagnese, Satchidananda Panda, Adriana Albani, Martha Merrow

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We currently find ourselves in the midst of a global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the highly infectious novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we discuss aspects of SARS-CoV-2 biology and pathology and how these might interact with the circadian clock of the host. We further focus on the severe manifestation of the illness, leading to hospitalization in an intensive care unit. The most common severe complications of COVID-19 relate to clock-regulated human physiology. We speculate on how the pandemic might be used to gain insights on the circadian clock but, more importantly, on …

Clinical Performance Of The Point-Of-Care Cobas Liat For Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 In 20 Minutes: A Multicenter Study., Glen Hansen, Jamie Marino, Zi-Xuan Wang, Kathleen G Beavis, John Rodrigo, Kylie Labog, Lars F Westblade, Run Jin, Nedra Love, Karen Ding, Sachin Garg, Alan Huang, Joanna Sickler, Nam K Tran

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Highly accurate testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) at the point of care (POC) is an unmet diagnostic need in emergency care and time-sensitive outpatient care settings. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) technology is the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. We performed a multisite U.S. study comparing the clinical performance of the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-authorized POC RT-PCR for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in 20 min, the cobas Liat SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B nucleic acid test, to the most widely used RT-PCR laboratory test, the cobas 68/8800 SARS-CoV-2 test. Clinical nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 444 patients with …

N95 Respirator Reuse, Decontamination Methods, And Microbial Burden: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Zi Yang Jiang, Zhen Huang, Isaac Schmale, Eric L Brown, Michael C Lorenz, Scott J Patlovich, Karan Goswami, Hannah B Wilson, Jumah Ahmad, Ronda Alexander, William Bryan, Luke Burke, Martin J Citardi, Jose Elias, Tang Ho, Jack Jacob, Garren Low, Pedro Miramón, Aniruddha U Patki, William C Yao, Amber U Luong

Journal Articles

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and ease of N95 respirator decontamination methods in a clinic setting and to identify the extent of microbial colonization on respirators associated with reuse.

METHODS: In a prospective fashion, N95 respirators (n = 15) were randomized to a decontamination process (time, dry heat, or ultraviolet C light [UVC]) in outpatient clinics. Each respirator was re-used up to 5 separate clinic sessions. Swabs on each respirator for SARS-CoV-2, bacteria, and fungi were obtained before clinic, after clinic and post-treatment. Mask integrity was checked after each treatment (n = 68). Statistical analyses were performed to determine factors …

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating Effects Of Lebrikizumab On Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation And Remodelling In Uncontrolled Asthma (Clavier), Cary D Austin, Kaharu Sumino, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The anti-interleukin 13 (IL-13) monoclonal antibody lebrikizumab improves lung function in patients with moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma, but its effects on airway inflammation and remodelling are unknown. CLAVIER was designed to assess lebrikizumab's effect on eosinophilic inflammation and remodelling.

OBJECTIVE: To report safety and efficacy results from enrolled participants with available data from CLAVIER.

METHODS: We performed bronchoscopy on patients with uncontrolled asthma before and after 12 weeks of randomized double-blinded treatment with lebrikizumab (n = 31) or placebo (n = 33). The pre-specified primary end-point was relative change in airway subepithelial eosinophils per mm

RESULTS: There was a baseline …

Molecular Estimation Of Neurodegeneration Pseudotime In Older Brains., Sumit Mukherjee, Laura Heath, Christoph Preuss, Suman Jayadev, Gwenn A Garden, Anna K Greenwood, Solveig K Sieberts, Philip L De Jager, Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner, Gregory W. Carter, Lara M Mangravite, Benjamin A Logsdon

Faculty Research 2020

The temporal molecular changes that lead to disease onset and progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are still unknown. Here we develop a temporal model for these unobserved molecular changes with a manifold learning method applied to RNA-Seq data collected from human postmortem brain samples collected within the ROS/MAP and Mayo Clinic RNA-Seq studies. We define an ordering across samples based on their similarity in gene expression and use this ordering to estimate the molecular disease stage-or disease pseudotime-for each sample. Disease pseudotime is strongly concordant with the burden of tau (Braak score, P = 1.0 × 10-5), Aβ (CERAD score, …

Which Internal Medicine Clerkship Characteristics Are Associated With Students' Performance On The Nbme Medicine Subject Exam? A Multi-Institutional Analysis., Matthew M. Fitz, William Adams, Steven A. Haist, Karen E. Hauer, Linette P. Ross, Amanda Raff, Gauri Agarwal, T. Robert Vu, Jonathan Appelbaum, Valerie J. Lang, Chad Miller, Cyril Grum, Mark Fagan, Jennifer Foster, Hilary F. Ryder, Bruce Houghton, Ryan Nall, Amy Shaheen, Michael Elnicki, Anna Donovan, Stuart Kiken, Cynthia Ledford, Shobhina Chheda, Doug Paauw, Blake Barker, Maureen Lowery, Nina Mingioni, Deepti Rao, William Kelly

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

PURPOSE: To identify which internal medicine clerkship characteristics may relate to NBME Medicine Subject Examination scores, given the growing trend toward earlier clerkship start dates.

METHOD: The authors used linear mixed effects models (univariable and multivariable) to determine associations between medicine exam performance and clerkship characteristics (longitudinal status, clerkship length, academic start month, ambulatory clinical experience, presence of a study day, involvement in a combined clerkship, preclinical curriculum type, medicine exam timing). Additional covariates included number of NBME clinical subject exams used, number of didactic hours, use of a criterion score for passing the medicine exam, whether medicine exam performance …

Artificial Intelligence For Rapid Meta-Analysis: Case Study On Ocular Toxicity Of Hydroxychloroquine., Matthew Michelson, Tiffany Chow, Neil A Martin, Mike Ross, Amelia Tee Qiao Ying, Steven Minton

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Rapid access to evidence is crucial in times of an evolving clinical crisis. To that end, we propose a novel approach to answer clinical queries, termed rapid meta-analysis (RMA). Unlike traditional meta-analysis, RMA balances a quick time to production with reasonable data quality assurances, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to strike this balance.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate whether RMA can generate meaningful clinical insights, but crucially, in a much faster processing time than traditional meta-analysis, using a relevant, real-world example.

METHODS: The development of our RMA approach was motivated by a currently relevant clinical question: is ocular toxicity and …

When Will I Get My Paper Back? A Replication Study Of Publication Timelines For Health Professions Education Research., Lauren A Maggio, William E Bynum, Deanna N Schreiber-Gregory, Steven J Durning, Anthony R. Artino

Health, Human Function, and Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Biomedical researchers have lamented the lengthy timelines from manuscript submission to publication and highlighted potential detrimental effects on scientific progress and scientists' careers. In 2015, Himmelstein identified the mean time from manuscript submission to acceptance in biomedicine as approximately 100 days. The length of publication timelines in health professions education (HPE) is currently unknown.

METHODS: This study replicates Himmelstein's work with a sample of 14 HPE journals published between 2008-2018. Using PubMed, 19,182 article citations were retrieved. Open metadata for each were downloaded, including the date the article was received by the journal, date the authors resubmitted revisions, date …

Intraoperative Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging For Real-Time Visualization Of Cerebral Blood Flow In Cerebrovascular Surgery: Results From Pre-Clinical Studies., Antonella Mangraviti, Francesco Volpin, Jaepyeong Cha, Samantha I Cunningham, Karan Raje, M Jason Brooke, Henry Brem, Alessandro Olivi, Judy Huang, Betty M Tyler, Abhishek Rege

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.