Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Analysis Of Strength Training Implementation In Ballet, Claire Hoover

Senior Honors Theses

Ballet, a style of dance that is known for its 180-degree external rotation, extreme precision, discipline, and aesthetics, is an athletic activity that is undertaken by many young people, particularly females. Although ballet has many athletic components, recent studies have shown there are a variety of weaknesses that impact its participants, including the female athlete triad, lack of lower extremity muscular strength, risk of injury, and overtraining. According to recent research, strength training, although not historically paired with ballet, could minimize ballet dancers’ deficiencies by increasing muscular strength and reducing risk of injury and incidence of the female athlete triad. …

Using Interprofessional Collaboration To Bridge Athletic Training And Strength And Condition Programs In High School Settings To Reduce Injuries, Craig Hermans

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this practicum is to identify the differences between between the athletic training professional and the strength and conditioning professional in a school which may cause barriers in using interprofessional collaboration. Currently, the rate of reinjury in a student-athlete population is quite high due, in part, to the different focuses between athletic trainers and that of strength and conditioning coaches. This practicum prepares a compiled review of the literature of research as well as independent research evaluating the student/athletes’ recovery from injury in relation to reinjury. The findings from the research serve a purpose to establish a deeper …

“I Lied A Little Bit.” A Qualitative Study Exploring The Perspectives Of Elite Australian Athletes On Self-Reported Data, Molly Coventry, Amanda Timler, Andrea B. Mosler, Kylie Russell, Mervyn Travers, Lauren Mitchell Oam, Myles C. Murphy

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: Explore the perceptions and experiences of elite Australian athletes’ engagement with reporting data in surveillance systems. Design: Qualitative Descriptive. Setting: Semi-structured interviews conducted using Zoom. Participants: We recruited 13 elite Australian athletes competing at a national or international level for semi-structured interviews. Main outcome measures: Audio recordings were transcribed using DeScript, checked for errors and imported into QSR NVIVO. Thematic analysis using QSR NVIVO was used to determine key themes from transcripts. Results: Thematic analysis uncovered four key themes: ‘the paradox of reporting’, ‘data for data's sake’, ‘eyes on reporting’ and ‘athlete friendly reporting’. Conclusion: Athletes perceived reporting as …

Connective Adaptive Resistance Exercise (Care) Machines For Accentuated Eccentric And Eccentric-Only Exercise: Introduction To An Emerging Concept, James L. Nuzzo, Matheus Daros Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Eccentric resistance exercise emphasizes active muscle lengthening against resistance. In the past 15 years, researchers and practitioners have expressed considerable interest in accentuated eccentric (i.e., eccentric overload) and eccentric-only resistance exercise as strategies for enhancing performance and preventing and rehabilitating injuries. However, delivery of eccentric resistance exercise has been challenging because of equipment limitations. Previously, we briefly introduced the concept of connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE)—the integration of software and hardware to provide a resistance that adjusts in real time and in response to the individual’s volitional force within and between repetitions. The aim of the current paper is to …

Efficacy Of The Fifa 11+ Injury Prevention Program In Maine High School Soccer, Meg Lander

Honors College

The purpose of this thesis was to assess the efficacy of the FIFA 11+ injury prevention program when used over the course of one soccer season in Maine high school athletics when compared to a standard warm-up approach. Every year, nearly two million injuries are sustained by high school athletes, and the FIFA 11+ program was developed to mitigate the risk of lower body injuries in soccer players. It has been shown to reduce the incidence of injury by one third or more in teenage and older athletes. Participants were randomly allocated into the FIFA 11+ group and the control …

A Scoping Review Of Injuries In Amateur And Professional Men's Ice Hockey, Patrick F Szukics, Peters T Otlans, Alfonso Arevalo, Matthew Meade, Peter Deluca, John P Salvo

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

Background: Orthopaedic injuries are common in ice hockey at all levels and can result in physical and psychological adverse effects on these athletes.

Purpose: Primarily, to summarize published data on orthopaedic hockey injuries at the junior through professional level. Secondarily, to characterize the literature based on anatomic site injured, return-to-play rates, cause/mechanism of injury, time lost, and treatments used.

Study Design: Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and SCOPUS were searched using the terms "hockey" and "injuries" using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, and 4163 studies involving orthopaedic injuries were …

A Scoping Review Of Injuries In Amateur And Professional Men's Ice Hockey., Patrick F Szukics, Peters T Otlans, Alfonso Arevalo, Matthew Meade, Peter Deluca, John P Salvo

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

Background: Orthopaedic injuries are common in ice hockey at all levels and can result in physical and psychological adverse effects on these athletes.

Purpose: Primarily, to summarize published data on orthopaedic hockey injuries at the junior through professional level. Secondarily, to characterize the literature based on anatomic site injured, return-to-play rates, cause/mechanism of injury, time lost, and treatments used.

Study Design: Scoping review; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and SCOPUS were searched using the terms "hockey" and "injuries" using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, and 4163 studies involving orthopaedic injuries were …

Evaluating Long-Term Outcomes Of A High School-Based Impaired And Distracted Driving Prevention Program, Lindsay Buczek, Laura K. Gryder, Samantha Slinkard-Barnum, Kavita Batra, Cassandra Trummel, Allison G. Mcnickle, Douglas R. Fraser, Deborah A. Kuhls, Paul J. Chestovich

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Motor vehicle crashes are one of the leading causes of death among teenagers. Many of these deaths are due to preventable causes, including impaired and distracted driving. You Drink, You Drive, You Lose (YDYDYL) is a prevention program to educate high school students about the consequences of impaired and distracted driving. YDYDYL was conducted at a public high school in Southern Nevada in March 2020. A secondary data analysis was conducted to compare knowledge and attitudes of previous participants with first-time participants. Independent-samples-t test and χ2 test/Fisher’s exact test with post-contingency analysis were used to compare pre-event responses between students …

Injury Surveillance In Community Cricket: A New Inning For South Africa, Benita Olivier, Oluchukwu L. Obiora, Candice Macmillan, Caroline Finch

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Published injury rates amongst elite and club-level youth cricketers highlight the need to implement injury risk-reducing strategies amongst the youth cricketing population. Data from sports injury surveillance systems are a prerequisite for the development and evaluation of strategies to reduce injury risk. Therefore, collecting injury surveillance data is a positive move towards reducing injuries in cricket. In South Africa, a systematic, standardised, evidence-informed injury surveillance system currently does not exist for community levels of play, namely, in cricket-playing high schools and cricket clubs. Although injury surveillance systems exist at elite levels, the obvious differences in elite versus community cricket settings …

Effectiveness Of Wechat-Group-Based Parental Health Education In Preventing Unintentional Injuries Among Children Aged 0-3: Randomized Controlled Trial In Shanghai, Yuheng Feng, Xueqi Ma, Qi Zhang, Ruo Jiang, Jun Lu, Kaiyue Chen, Huiping Wang, Qinghua Xia, Jicui Zheng, Jingwei Xia, Xiaohong Li

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Unintentional injuries to children are a major public health problem. The online social media is a potential way to implement health education for caregivers in online communities. Using WeChat, a free and popular social media service in China, this study evaluated the effectiveness of social online community-based parental health education in preventing unintentional injuries in children aged 0-3.

METHODS: We recruited 365 parents from two community health centers in Shanghai and allocated them into intervention and control groups randomly. Follow-up lasted for one year. The intervention group received and followed their WeChat group and a WeChat official account for …

Association Between Pitch Break On The 4-Seam Fastball And Slider And Shoulder Injury In Major League Baseball Pitchers: A Case-Control Study, Brooks N. Platt, Anthony J. Zacharias, Caitlin Conley, Lindsay Hockensmith, Nicholas Stockwell, Aaron Sciascia, Austin V. Stone

Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Few specific risk factors are known for shoulder injury in professional pitchers. New pitch-tracking data allow for risk stratification based on advanced metrics.

Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between shoulder injury, pitch frequency, and pitch metrics (velocity, total break, break angle, and spin rate) for the 4-seam fastball, curveball, and slider. We hypothesized that more frequent use of the 4-seam fastball would be associated with shoulder injury.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: The Major League Baseball (MLB) database was queried for pitchers who had been placed on the injury …

A Nation-Wide Survey Of High School Baseball Coaches’ Perceptions Indicates Their Arm Care Programs Play A Role In Injury Prevention, Kyle A. Matsel, E. E. Weiss, R. J. Butler, Matthew C. Hoch, Philip M. Westgate, Terry R. Malone, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background
Arm care programs consisting of upper extremity strengthening and stretching have been recommended for injury prevention for pitchers of all ages. There has been no investigation into high school baseball coaches’ usage and perceptions of arm care programs to mitigate physical impairments associated with injuries in baseball players.

Hypothesis/Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the current usage of arm care programs by high school baseball coaches. The primary objective was to determine if coaches use group-based or individualized arm care programs. The secondary objective sought to determine if the use of arm care programs is influenced …

Identifying Risk Factors Of Upper Extremity Injuries In Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study, Robert Slowik, Christopher Morris, Matthew C. Hoch, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background
Repetitive pitching places tremendous forces on the shoulder and elbow which can lead to upper extremity (UE) or lower extremity (LE) overuse injuries.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre-season physical measurements in collegiate baseball players and track in-season baseball throwing volume to determine which factors may predict throwing overuse injuries.

Study Design
Retrospective Cohort study.

Methods
Baseline preseason mobility, strength, endurance, and perception of function were measured in 17 collegiate baseball pitchers. Participants were then followed during the course of the season to collect rate of individual exposure, estimated pitch volume, and rating of perceived …

Sex And Age Comparisons In Neuromuscular And Biomechanical Characteristics Of The Knee In Young Athletes, Erin R. Pletcher, Travis J. Dekker, Scott M. Lephart, Tim C. Sell

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Background: The identification of risk factors for injury is a key step for musculoskeletal injury prevention in youth sports. Not identifying and correcting for injury risk factors may result in lost opportunity for athletic development. Physical maturation and sex affect these characteristics, which may indicate the need for both age and sex-based injury prevention programs.

Hypothesis/Purpose: This study examined age and sex differences in knee strength, static balance, jump height, and lower extremity landing biomechanics in school- and high school-age athletes.

Study Design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Forty healthy school aged (10.8±0.8 yrs) and forty high school (16.8±0.8 yrs) athletes completed isokinetic …

Sex And Age Comparisons In Neuromuscular And Biomechanical Characteristics Of The Knee In Young Athletes, Erin R Pletcher, Travis J Dekker, Scott M Lephart, Tim C Sell

Department of Exercise Science Faculty Papers

Background: The identification of risk factors for injury is a key step for musculoskeletal injury prevention in youth sports. Not identifying and correcting for injury risk factors may result in lost opportunity for athletic development. Physical maturation and sex affect these characteristics, which may indicate the need for both age and sex-based injury prevention programs.

Hypothesis/purpose: This study examined age and sex differences in knee strength, static balance, jump height, and lower extremity landing biomechanics in school- and high school-age athletes.

Study design: Cross-sectional.

Methods: Forty healthy school aged (10.8±0.8 yrs) and forty high school (16.8±0.8 yrs) athletes completed isokinetic …

Prevention Of Sports Injuries In Sri Lanka: What Do We Know About Injuries In Our Athletes?, Prasanna J. Gamage, Alex Kountouris, Caroline F. Finch, Lauren V. Fortington

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In terms of safeguarding the health and well-being of athletes in Sri Lanka, a primary focus has always been toward the treatment of injuries after they have occurred and promoting rehabilitation back into sport. There has been little attention towards the primary prevention of injuries in Sri Lankan sports. As a developing sporting nation, the benefits of injury prevention are immense: from a public health and financial perspective, through to individual benefits for athletes’ physical, psychological and social health. Understanding the reasons behind the lack of motive towards sports injury prevention in the country, and challenges in developing and implementing …

A Systematic Review Of Epidemiological Patterns And Proposed Interventions To Address Pediatric Burns In Nigeria, Srikanta Banerjee, Constance Shumba

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Unintentional injuries from burns comprise a significant proportion of public health morbidity in Nigeria. In order to understand the type and impact of burns on youth in Low-and-Middle-Income countries, the epidemiology of burns must be adequately assessed.

Methods: This review describes the epidemiological patterns of burn occurrences in the pediatric populations and pro- poses interventions using the Haddon Matrix to address injuries in specific populations in Nigeria. A literature search was conducted using the Proquest, CINAHL, and PubMed databases at the Johns Hopkins University library (January 1, 1990 to August 14, 2018), on burns or thermal injury …

Concussion Experiences In New England Private Preparatory High School Students Who Played Sports Or Recreational Activities, Jill Daugherty, Dana Waltzman, Katherine P. Snedaker, Jason Bouton, Xinjian Zhang, David Wang

Athletic Training Faculty Publications

Background: Sports- and recreation-related (SRR) activities are a major cause of adolescent concussions. Most adolescent SRR concussion research has been conducted among public school students. As private schools are qualitatively different from public schools (eg, location, socioeconomic status, sports played), this study explores the concussion experiences of a large group of private high school students. Methods: We surveyed 2047 New England private preparatory high school students who played sports or engaged in a recreational activity in 2018 about the sports they played, and their self-reported concussion experiences (eg, age at first concussion, if concussions were sports- or recreation-related). Descriptive, bivariate, …

The Management Of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries In An Occupational Health Setting: The Role Of The Physical Therapist, Joshua Prall, Michael Ross

Articles & Book Chapters

With the emergence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and the associated high cost of injured workers, physical therapists are in a unique position to help employers manage these concerns through multidisciplinary injury prevention programs, education, ergonomics, on-site treatment, and return to work programs. The purpose of this paper, through a review of the literature, is to describe the effect that workplace injuries have on employees and the economic burden on employers. Furthermore, this paper will highlight the effectiveness a physical therapist can have in the occupational health setting as part of a multidisciplinary team on ergonomics, employee health, prevention of work-related …

Effects Of Different Combinations Of Concentric And Eccentric Resistance Training Programs On Traditional And Alternative Hamstrings-To-Quadriceps Ratios, Cassio V. Ruas, Ronei S. Pinto, Guy G. Haff, Camila D. Lima, Lee E. Brown

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Resistance training is often recommended for combined increases in traditional and alternative hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H:Q) ratios in order to reduce knee strength imbalance and associated hamstrings and knee ligament injury risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentric and eccentric resistance training programs on traditional and alternative H:Q ratios. Forty male volunteers were assigned to one of 4 groups: concentric quadriceps and concentric hamstrings (CON/CON, n = 10), eccentric quadriceps and eccentric hamstrings (ECC/ECC, n = 10), concentric quadriceps and eccentric hamstrings (CON/ECC, n = 10), or no training (control (CNTRL), n = 10). Traditional …

Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries In Collegiate Female Soccer Players: The Effects Of A 4-Week Prevention Program On Landing Kinematics, Tess Marcordes

Honors Program Projects

BACKGROUND: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are highly prevalent in soccer as quick changes in direction, stop-start motions, as well as jumping and landing often paired with shooting or passing a ball are occurring continuously throughout a practice or match. Exaggeration of these movements with extreme joint motions increases the likelihood of ACL injury. An ACL injury can be detrimental to an athlete’s career as 25% of athletes do not return to their pre-injury level of play (Padua, DiStefano, Beutler, de la Motte, DiStefano, & Marshall, 2015). Myer, Ford, McLean, & Hewitt (2006), Garcia (2011), and Pollard, Sigward, Ota, …

Neuromuscular Training Improves Lower Extremity Biomechanics Associated With Knee Injury During Landing In 11-13 Year Old Female Netball Athletes: A Randomized Control Study, Amanda J. Hopper, Erin Haff, Christopher Joyce, Rhodri S. Lloyd, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) program on lower-extremity biomechanics in youth female netball athletes. The hypothesis was that significant improvements would be found in landing biomechanics of the lower-extremities, commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, following NMT. Twenty-three athletes (age = 12.2 ± 0.9 years; height = 1.63 ± 0.08 m; mass = 51.8 ± 8.5 kg) completed two testing sessions separated by 7-weeks and were randomly assigned to either a experimental or control group. Thirteen athletes underwent 6-weeks of NMT, while the remaining 10 served as controls …

Neuromuscular Training Improves Movement Competency And Physical Performance Measures In 11-13 Year Old Female Netball Athletes, A Hopper, E Haff, O Barley, C Joyce, R Lloyd, G Haff

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neuromuscular training program on movement competency and measures of physical performance in youth female netball players. It was hypothesized that significant improvements would be found in movement competency and physical performance measures following the intervention. Twenty-three junior female netball players (age, 12.17 ± 0.94 yrs; height, 1.63 ± 0.08 m; weight, 51.81 ± 8.45 kg) completed a test battery before and after a six-week training intervention. 13 of these athletes underwent six weeks of neuromuscular training, which incorporated plyometrics and resistance training. Trained athletes showed significant improvements in …

Neuromuscular Training Improves Lower Extremity Biomechanics Associated With Knee Injury During Landing In 11-13 Year Old Female Netball Athletes, A Hopper, E Haff, C Joyce, R Lloyd, G Haff

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a neuromuscular training (NMT) program on lower-extremity biomechanics in youth female netball athletes. The hypothesis was that significant improvements would be found in landing biomechanics of the lower-extremities, commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, following NMT. Twenty-three athletes (age = 12.2 ± 0.9 years; height = 1.63 ± 0.08m; mass = 51.8 ± 8.5 kg) completed two testing sessions separated by 7-weeks and were randomly assigned to either a experimental or control group. Thirteen athletes underwent 6-weeks of NMT, while the remaining 10 served as controls and …

Epidemiology Of Knee Sprains In Youth, High School, And Collegiate American Football Players, Daniel R. Clifton, James A. Onate, Eric Schussler, Aristarque Djoko, Thomas P. Dompier, Zachary Y. Kerr

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after injury is important. Differences in HRQOL between nonathletes and athletes and between injured and uninjured athletes have been demonstrated; however, the evidence has not been synthesized.

Objective: To answer the following questions: (1) Does HRQOL differ among adolescent and collegiate athletes and nonathletes? (2) Does HRQOL differ between injured adolescent and collegiate athletes or between athletes with a history of injury and uninjured athletes or those without a history of injury?

Data Sources: We systematically searched CINAHL, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed. A hand search of references was also conducted. Study Selection: …

A Six Stage Operational Framework For Individualising Injury Risk Management In Sport, Mark Roe, Shane Malone, Catherine Blake, Kieran Collins, Conor Gissane, Fionn Buttner, John C. Murphy, Eamonn Delahunt

Articles

Managing injury risk is important for maximising athlete availability and performance. Although athletes are inherently predisposed to musculoskeletal injuries by participating in sports, etiology models have illustrated how susceptibility is influenced by repeat interactions between the athlete (i.e. intrinsic factors) and environmental stimuli (i.e. extrinsic factors). Such models also reveal that the likelihood of an injury emerging across time is related to the interconnectedness of multiple factors cumulating in a pattern of either positive (i.e. increased fitness) or negative adaptation (i.e. injury).

Wearable Imu For Shoulder Injury Prevention In Overhead Sports, Samir A. Rawashdeh, Derek A. Rafeldt, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Body-worn inertial sensors have enabled motion capture outside of the laboratory setting. In this work, an inertial measurement unit was attached to the upper arm to track and discriminate between shoulder motion gestures in order to help prevent shoulder over-use injuries in athletics through real-time preventative feedback. We present a detection and classification approach that can be used to count the number of times certain motion gestures occur. The application presented involves tracking baseball throws and volleyball serves, which are common overhead movements that can lead to shoulder and elbow overuse injuries. Eleven subjects are recruited to collect training, testing, …

The Acute:Chonic Workload Ratio In Relation To Injury Risk In Professional Soccer, Shane Malone, Adam Owen, Matt Newton, Bruno Mendes, Kieran Collins, Tim Gabbett

Articles

Forty-eight professional soccer players (mean ± SD age of 25.3 ± 3.1 yr) from two elite European teams were involved within a one season study. Players completed a test of intermittent-aerobic capacity (Yo-YoIR1) to assess player’s injury risk in relation to intermittent aerobic capacity. Weekly workload measures and time loss injuries were recorded during the entire period. Rolling weekly sums and week-to-week changes in workload were measured, allowing for the calculation of the acute:chronic workload ratio, which was calculated by dividing the acute (1-weekly) and chronic (4-weekly) workloads. All derived workload measures were modelled against injury data using logistic regression. …

Effects Of Preventative Ankle Taping On Planned Change-Of-Direction And Reactive Agility Performance And Ankle Muscle Activity In Basketballers, Matthew D. Jeffriess, Adrian B. Schultz, Tye S. Mcgann, Samuel J. Callaghan, Robert G. Lockie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study investigated the effects of preventative ankle taping on planned change-of-direction and reactive agility performance and peak ankle muscle activity in basketballers. Twenty male basketballers (age = 22.30 ± 3.97 years; height = 1.84 ± 0.09 meters; body mass = 85.96 ± 11.88 kilograms) with no ankle pathologies attended two testing sessions. Within each session, subjects completed six planned and six reactive randomized trials (three to the left and three to the right for each condition) of the Y-shaped agility test, which was recorded by timing lights. In one session, subjects had both ankles un-taped. In the other, both …

Injury Risk Estimation Expertise: Interdisciplinary Differences In Performance On The Acl Injury Risk Estimation Quiz, Erich J. Petushek, Paul Ward, Edward T. Cokely, Gregory D. Myer

Michigan Tech Publications

Background: Simple observational assessment of movement is a potentially low-cost method for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury screening and prevention. Although many individuals utilize some form of observational assessment of movement, there are currently no substantial data on group skill differences in observational screening of ACL injury risk. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare various groups’ abilities to visually assess ACL injury risk as well as the associated strategies and ACL knowledge levels. The hypothesis was that sports medicine professionals would perform better than coaches and exercise science academics/students and that these subgroups would all perform better …