Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Emerging Therapies For Glioblastoma, Stella Aime Rios, Stephanie Oyervides, David Uribe, Angelica Maree Reyes, Victor Fanniel, Jonathan Vazquez, Megan Keniry

School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Simple Summary

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain cancer and is associated with poor prognosis, with an average survival after diagnosis of less than 18 months. Hundreds of clinical trials have been conducted, with more underway to make progress in treating glioblastoma. This review details conventional and emergent targeted therapies for glioblastoma.

Abstract

Glioblastoma is most commonly a primary brain tumor and the utmost malignant one, with a survival rate of approximately 12–18 months. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous, demonstrating that different types of cells from the same tumor can manifest distinct gene expression patterns and biological behaviors. Conventional therapies …

Triglyceride-Glucose Index, Renal Function And Cardiovascular Disease: A National Cohort Study, Cancan Cui, Lin Liu, Te Zhang, Ling Fang, Zhanhao Mo, Yitian Qi, Jia Zheng, Zhijia Wang, Haikun Xu, Han Yan, Siqi Yue, Xuekui Wang, Zhiyuan Wu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a predictor of cardiovascular diseases; however, to what extent the TyG index is associated with cardiovascular diseases through renal function is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the complex association of the TyG index and renal function with cardiovascular diseases using a cohort design. Methods: This study included participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) free of cardiovascular diseases at baseline. We performed adjusted regression analyses and mediation analyses using Cox models. The TyG index was calculated as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. Renal function was defined by …

Pathobiological Alterations Affecting The Distinct Clinical Courses Of Pediatric Versus Adult Covid-19 Syndrome, Emrah Şenel, Seyhan Türk, Ümi̇t Yavuz Malkan, Mustafa Çağri Peker, Can Türk, Hati̇ce Rahmet Güner, Gülberk Uçar, Seval İzdeş, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Gülsüm İclal Bayhan, Serhat Emeksi̇z, İmran Hasanoğlu, Şeri̇fe Gökbulut Bektaş, Şeyma Bütün Türk, Serhan Özcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The clinical presentation of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a milder disease course than the adult COVID-19 syndrome. The disease course of COVID-19 has three clinicobiological phases: initiation, propagation, and complication. This study aimed to assess the pathobiological alterations affecting the distinct clinical courses of COVID-19 in pediatric age groups versus the adult population. We hypothesized that critical biogenomic marker expressions drive the mild clinical presentations of pediatric COVID-19. Materials and methods: Blood samples were obtained from 72 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at Ankara City Hospital between March and July 2021. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were …

Her3 Functions As An Effective Therapeutic Target In Triple Negative Breast Cancer To Potentiate The Antitumor Activity Of Gefitinib And Paclitaxel, Hui Lyu, Fei Shen, Sanbao Ruan, Congcong Tan, Jundong Zhou, Ann D. Thor, Bolin Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a significant clinical challenge. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay for a large part of TNBC patients, whereas drug resistance and tumor recurrence frequently occur. It is in urgent need to identify novel molecular targets for TNBC and develop effective therapy against the aggressive disease. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of HER3 in TNBC samples. Western blots were used to assess protein expression and activation. Cell proliferation and viability were determined by cell growth (MTS) assays. TCGA databases were analyzed to correlate HER3 mRNA expression with the clinical outcomes of TNBC patients. …

Met Alterations Are Associated With Osimertinib Resistance In Egfr Mutant Lung Cancers, A Meta-Analysis, Annie Le, Marissa Viola, Jun Wang

Research Day

Osimertinib is a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been used to treat EGFR mutant lung cancers, especially those with EGFR T790M mutation. Resistance to osimertinib is likely associated with acquired genetic alterations in these cancer cells. Mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET) is a tyrosine kinase and its amplification is frequently seen in osimertinib resistant patients. To investigate whether the presence of MET alteration is associated with osimertinib resistance, a meta-analysis was conducted using published observations of EGFR mutant lung cancer patients treated with osimertinib. Frequencies of MET alterations are variable, ranging from 0-43% in osimertinib resistant patients. MET alteration …

Mir-218-5p/Egfr Signaling In Arsenic-Induced Carcinogenesis, Ranakul Islam, Lei Zhao, Xiujuan Zhang, Ling-Zhi Liu

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: Arsenic is a well-known carcinogen inducing lung, skin, bladder, and liver cancer. Abnormal epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression is common in lung cancer; it is involved in cancer initiation, development, metastasis, and treatment resistance. However, the underlying mechanism for arsenic-inducing EGFR upregulation remains unclear.

Methods: RT-PCR and immunoblotting assays were used to detect the levels of miR-218-5p and EGFR expression. The Luciferase assay was used to test the transcriptional activity of EGFR mediated by miR-218-5p. Cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, migration assays, tube formation assays, and tumor growth assays were used to study the function of miR-218-5p/EGFR …

Right Treatment Wrong Time: Immunotherapy Administration Post-Radiotherapy Decreases Tumor Burden In A Preclinical Model Of Brain Metastasis, Kathryn Elizabeth Blethen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

This dissertation (a) provided an in-depth literature review of methods to modulate the blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers to increase drug delivery and efficacy in brain metastases, (b) evaluated the effects of whole-brain radiation therapy on the blood-brain barrier in immunocompetent and immunocompromised mouse models and proposed a mechanism by which the immune response to radiation disrupts the blood-brain barrier, and (c) developed a syngeneic lung cancer brain metastasis model to determine the impact of coordinated immunotherapy administration with radiotherapy. The blood-brain barrier is an impediment to drug delivery to the brain. The inherent leakiness of the blood-tumor barrier does not …

Immunohistochemical Detection And Prognostic Significance Of P53, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Murine Double Minute 2, And Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Of Pakistan, Syed Muhammad Adnan Ali, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Syed Ather Enam, Zubair Ahmad, Yumna Adnan, Hasnain Ahmed Farooqui

Department of Surgery

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the deadliest cranial tumors occurring in adults. Various biomarkers have been tested for their significance in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of GBM. Some well-studied markers in GBM are Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), Murine double minute 2 (MDM2), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and p53. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein expression of these markers in GBM patients of Pakistan.
Methods: A total of 102 surgically resected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients diagnosed and treated at Aga Khan University Hospital were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDH1, MDM2, …

Antigen Staining For Detection Of Muc13 And Muc16 Expression In Carcinoma Tissue, Jose A. Benitez

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

MUC13 and MUC16 are epithelial expressed proteins implicated in various carcinomas. Overexpression of these biomarkers appear to play a role in tumor growth; this discovery has paved a road for multiple studies discussing the potential of targeting mucin proteins and optimize immunotherapy approaches against carcinomas. Our study serves to investigate the level of expression of MUC13 and MUC16 in cancerous and normal tissue and to discuss the implications our findings may have for the utilization of these biomarkers for cancer therapy.

Integration Of Liquid Biopsy And Pharmacogenomics For Precision Therapy Of Egfr Mutant And Resistant Lung Cancers, Jill M. Kolesar, Spencer Peh, Levin Thomas, Gayathri Baburaj, Nayonika Mukherjee, Raveena Kantamneni, Shirley Lewis, Ananth Pai, Karthik S. Udupa, Naveena Kumar An, Vivek M. Rangnekar, Mahadev Rao

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

The advent of molecular profiling has revolutionized the treatment of lung cancer by comprehensively delineating the genomic landscape of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene. Drug resistance caused by EGFR mutations and genetic polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters impedes effective treatment of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancer. This review appraises current literature, opportunities, and challenges associated with liquid biopsy and pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing as precision therapy tools in the management of EGFR mutant and resistant lung cancers. Liquid biopsy could play a potential role in selection of precise tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapies during different phases …

A Study Of Apolipoprotein A1(Apoa1) And Interleukin-10(Il-10) In Diabetes With Foot Ulcers, Rachita Nanda, Suprava Patel, Amritava Ghosh, Asha Ks, Eli Mohapatra

BioMedicine

Background

The high morbidity, mortality and associated economic burden have entailed to identifying early biomarker of diabetic foot ulcers(DFU). Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules play a role in the chronic inflammation associated with diabetic foot ulcers(DFU).

Aim

This study aims to find the association between ApoA1, IL-10, TNF-α and diabetic foot ulcers, and whether their levels can assess the severity of the disease.

Method

Two groups, diabetic mellitus without foot ulcers and diabetes with foot ulcers were recruited for the study. Detailed clinical history was obtained and blood was collected to measure TNF-α, IL-10 and Apo A1. The association between variables …

Ero1Α Promotes Tumorigenesis In Egfr Driven Nsclc, Brennan D. Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a pulmonary malignancy most commonly associated with smoking, or exposure to asbestos or Radon. Approximately, 1.6 Million deaths occur each year due to lung cancer. Lung Cancer is categorized by two main types, Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and NSCLC. NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases and is subdivided into three sub-categories: Adenocarcinoma, the most common and leading cause of death in the United States; Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), and Large Cell Carcinoma. Though NSCLC treatment regimens have shown increasing clinical benefit over the last two decades with targeted therapies. …

Cellular Origins Of Egfr-Driven Lung Cancer Cells Determine Sensitivity To Therapy, Fan Chen, Jinpeng Liu, Robert M. Flight, Kassandra J. Naughton, Alexsandr Lukyanchuk, Abigail R Edgin, Xiulong Song, Haikuo Zhang, Kwok-Kin Wong, Hunter N. B. Moseley, Chi Wang, Christine F. Brainson

Toxicology and Cancer Biology Faculty Publications

Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is one of the major precision medicine treatment options for lung adenocarcinoma. Due to common development of drug resistance to first- and second-generation TKIs, third-generation inhibitors, including osimertinib and rociletinib, have been developed. A model of EGFR-driven lung cancer and a method to develop tumors of distinct epigenetic states through 3D organotypic cultures are described here. It is discovered that activation of the EGFR T790M/L858R mutation in lung epithelial cells can drive lung cancers with alveolar or bronchiolar features, which can originate from alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells …

Prognostic Implications Of Epidermal And Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Alterations In 2 Cohorts Of Idh, Iyad Alnahhas, Appaji Rayi, Maria Del Pilar Guillermo Prieto Eibl, Shirley Ong, Pierre Giglio, Vinay Puduvalli

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Background: Glioblastoma remains a deadly brain cancer with dismal prognosis. Genetic alterations, including IDH mutations, 1p19q co-deletion status and MGMT promoter methylation have been proven to be prognostic and predictive to response to treatment in gliomas. In this manuscript, we aimed to correlate other mutations and genetic alterations with various clinical endpoints in patients with IDH-wild-type (IDHwt) glioblastoma.

Methods: We compiled a comprehensive clinically annotated database of IDHwt GBM patients treated at the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center for whom we had mutational data through a CLIA-certified genomic laboratory. We then added data that is publicly available from Memorial …

Metal-Free Domino Amination-Knoevenagel Condensation Approach To Access New Coumarins As Potent Nanomolar Inhibitors Of Vegfr-2 And Egfr, Essam M. Eliwa, Marcel Frese, Ahmed H. Halawa, Maha M. Soltan, Larissa V. Ponomareva, Jon S. Thorson, Khaled A. Shaaban, Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed M. El-Agrody, Norbert Sewald

Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation Faculty Publications

A metal-free, atom-economy and simple work-up domino amination-Knoevenagel condensation approach to construct new coumarin analogous (4a-f and 8a-e) was described. Further, new formyl (5a,d-f) and nitro (9a,d-f) coumarin derivatives were synthesized via C-N coupling reaction of various cyclic secondary amines and 4-chloro-3-(formyl-/nitro)coumarins (1a,c), respectively. The confirmed compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-proliferative activity against KB-3-1, A549 and PC3 human cancer cell lines using resazurin cellular-based assay. Among them, coumarin derivatives 4e and 8e displayed the best anti-cervical cancer potency (KB-3-1) with IC₅₀ values of 15.5 ± 3.54 …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Kidney Function Identifies Trans-Ethnic And Ethnic-Specific Loci, Charles E. Breeze, Anna Batorsky, Mi Kyeong Lee, Mindy D. Szeto, Xiaoguang Xu, Daniel L. Mccartney, Rong Jiang, Amit Patki, Holly J. Kramer, James M. Eales, Laura Raffield, Leslie Lange, Ethan Lange, Peter Durda, Yongmei Liu, Russ P. Tracy, David Van Den Berg, Nhlbi Trans-Omics For Precision Medicine (Topmed) Consortium, Topmed Mesa Multi-Omics Working Group, Kathryn L. Evans, William E. Kraus, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation (DNAm) is associated with gene regulation and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function. Decreased eGFR is more common among US Hispanics and African Americans. The causes for this are poorly understood. We aimed to identify trans-ethnic and ethnic-specific differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with eGFR using an agnostic, genome-wide approach.

METHODS: The study included up to 5428 participants from multi-ethnic studies for discovery and 8109 participants for replication. We tested the associations between whole blood DNAm and eGFR using beta values from Illumina 450K or EPIC arrays. Ethnicity-stratified analyses were performed using linear …

Therapeutic Development Of Group B Streptococcus Meningitis By Targeting A Host Cell Signaling Network Involving Egfr, Ningyu Zhu, Chengxian Zhang, Atish Prakash, Zheng Hou, Wei Liu, Weifeng She, Andrew J. Morris, Kwang Sik Kim

Gill Heart & Vascular Institute Faculty Publications

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) remains the most common Gram‐positive bacterium causing neonatal meningitis and GBS meningitis continues to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study, we showed that GBS penetration into the brain occurred initially in the meningeal and cortex capillaries, and exploits a defined host cell signaling network comprised of S1P₂, EGFR, and CysLT1. GBS exploitation of such network in penetration of the blood–brain barrier was demonstrated by targeting S1P₂, EGFR, and CysLT1 using pharmacological inhibition, gene knockout and knockdown cells, and gene knockout animals, as well as interrogation of the …

The Inhibition Of Cdk8/19 Mediator Kinases Prevents The Development Of Resistance To Egfr-Targeting Drugs, Amanda C. Sharko, Chang-Uk Lim, Martina S.J. Mcdermott, Chuck Hennes, Kingsavanh P. Philavong, Tiffanie Aiken, Victor V. Tatarskiy, Igor Roninson Ph. D., Eugenia Broude

Faculty Publications

Drug resistance is the main obstacle to achieving cures with both conventional and targeted anticancer drugs. The emergence of acquired drug resistance is initially mediated by non-genetic transcriptional changes, which occur at a much higher frequency than mutations and may involve population-scale transcriptomic adaptation. CDK8/19 kinases, through association with transcriptional Mediator complex, regulate transcriptional reprogramming by co-operating with different signal-responsive transcription factors. Here we tested if CDK8/19 inhibition could prevent adaptation to drugs acting on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1/HER1). The development of resistance was analyzed following long-term exposure of BT474 and SKBR3 breast cancer cells to EGFR-targeting small molecules …

Epigenetic States Regulate Tumor Aggressiveness And Response To Targeted Therapies In Lung Adenocarcinoma, Fan Chen

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, 85% of which are lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD). Although molecular studies of NSCLC identified targetable mutations of some oncogenes including BRAF, EGFR and ALK, no targeted therapies exist for most cases. Cancer epigenetics is the study of epigenetic modifications, including histone modifications, that control gene expression in cancer. Recent advances have revealed numerous epigenetic abnormalities in human cancers, and targeting epigenetic regulators could be effective at reversing dysregulated epigenetic programs or driving sensitivity to other targeted therapies.

Inhibitors of the histone methyltransferase EZH2 have recently been approved as …

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate And The Racial Multiplier: Clinical Implications And Current Attitudes, Brittney A. Spooner

Honors Theses and Capstones

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and has high and increasing incidence worldwide. CKD is characterized by a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but as GFR is difficult to measure directly, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations have been created to measure serum creatinine levels as a function of GFR. Some eGFR equations contain a racial multiplier that increases the eGFR of black patients, causing a spurious increase in reported kidney function. This study included a literature search that collected information on the rationale behind the multipliers usage and a survey that gathered information …

Systematic Survey Of Creatinine-Based Versus Cystatin C-Based Estimated Gfr In People With Diabetes, Sadik Acaralp, Hossein Akhondi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background: Diabetes is a common cause of kidney failure, and most anti-diabetic agents are excreted through the kidneys. Therefore, it is critical to adjust medication dosage and anti-diabetic agents based on kidney function. There are different methods to estimate kidney function, but the common practice is to use creatinine to estimate the glomerular filtration rate.

Objective: In this systematic review, we identify and review publications in order to assess differences between creatinine-based and cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rates in diabetic patients.

Method: The articles were identified using 3 databases and were assessed for eligibility. A total of 4 articles …

Anticancer Activity Of Thmpp: Downregulation Of Pi3k/ S6k1 In Breast Cancer Cell Line., Suresh Palanivel, Akshaya Murugesan, Olli Yli-Harja, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Breast cancer is the most common cancer that majorly affects female. The present study is focused on exploring the potential anticancer activity of 2-((1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydroquinolin-1-yl) (4 methoxyphenyl) methyl) phenol (THMPP), against human breast cancer. The mechanism of action, activation of specific signaling pathways, structural activity relationship and drug-likeness properties of THMPP remains elusive. Cell proliferation and viability assay, caspase enzyme activity, DNA fragmentation and FITC/Annexin V, AO/EtBr staining, RT-PCR, QSAR and ADME analysis were executed to understand the mode of action of the drug. The effect of THMPP on multiple breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and SkBr3), and …

Metástasis Cerebrales En Cáncer De Pulmón De Células No Pequeñas Con Mutación Egfr, Robert Malpartida-Palomino, Rómulo Cárdenas-Agramonte

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

El cáncer de pulmón es uno de los tumores que tienen la capacidad de metastatizarse en el cerebro y tienen la capacidad de penetrar la barrera hematoencefálica, la clínica es variada dependiendo del sitio afectado, así como los riesgos asociados de convulsión. Por lo tanto, la elección del tratamiento es compleja, considerando el primario, el número de metástasis y los sitios afectados. La radioterapia ha sido durante mucho tiempo la elección de los pacientes que no son candidatos a la cirugía, La presencia de mutaciones han permitido brindar terapias dirigidas como los inhibidores tirosin kinasas que penetran la barrera hematoencefálica …

Rankl/Rank Promotes The Migration Of Gastric Cancer Cells By Interacting With Egfr, Xing Wan, Yongxi Song, Honghong Fang, Ling Xu, Xiaofang Che, Shuo Wang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Lingyun Zhang, Ce Li, Yibo Fan, Kezuo Hou, Zhi Li, Xueqing Wang, Yunpeng Liu, Xiujuan Qu

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer (GC) rank in top five among all malignant tumors. Chemokines and their receptor-signaling pathways reportedly play key roles in the metastasis of malignant tumor cells. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor family, with strong chemokine-like effects. Some studies have pointed out that the RANKL/RANK pathway is vital for the metastasis of cancer cells, but the specific mechanisms in GC remain poorly understood. RESULTS: This study reports original findings in cell culture models and in patients with GC. Flow cytometry and western …

Implementation Of Ace Inhibitor Regimen In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Rita Chukwurah

Doctor of Nursing Practice

The incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically and is associated with many problems, including chronic kidney disease. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement two evidence-based guidelines that may detect chronic kidney disease and slow its progression in patients with type 2 diabetes by implementing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker therapy according to evidence-based guidelines from the American Diabetes Association. Patients with type diabetes were screened for microalbuminuria and eGFR of < 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Based on lab results, the provider recommended either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker to patients with as …

Role Of C-Met And Egfr In Acquired Resistance To Parp Inhibitors In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Clinton Yam

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

Triple-negative breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis and treatment options are limited. The Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, olaparib and talazoparib, were recently approved for metastatic breast cancer (including triple-negative breast cancer) in patients with a germline BRCA1/2 mutation. Despite impressive response rates of ~60%, the prolongation in median progression-free survival with PARP inhibitors is modest, suggesting the emergence of resistance. We previously demonstrated that c-MET contributes to intrinsic resistance to PARP inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer. However, whether c-MET plays a role in acquired resistance to PARP inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer remains unclear. Here, we show …

Utilizing Quantitative Fluorescence Microscopy To Study Oncogenesis, Ellen W. Hatch

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Quantitative fluorescence microscopy is a highly technical, swiftly evolving field of methodologies that are uniquely able to probe the nano-scale biological environment. With these optimized, advanced technologies available, scientists and medical providers are equipped to illuminate a plethora of puzzles in science and medicine through the multiplexing and high spatiotemporal resolution offered. Here I first exploit these capabilities to study a rare cancer with multiplex immunohistofluorescence (IHF) to confirm cell type and undocumented protein expression that may have implications for our understanding of the biology of mast cells and the potential efficacy of treatment and symptom management in mast cell …

Receptor Sialylation By St6gal-I Promotes Tumor Progression By Enhancing Tumor Cell Survival And Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition, Colleen Maeve Britain

All ETDs from UAB

The upregulation of a certain subset of glycosyltransferases was an early marker for cancer development. Specifically, ST6Gal-I, which adds an α2-6 linked sialic acid to N-glycans on proteins bound for the plasma membrane or secretion, is selectively upregulated upon malignant transformation. Our laboratory has shown that ST6Gal-I is implicated in many facets of tumor biology and is an important mediator of tumorigenesis. For example, ST6Gal-I activity promotes the survival of cells when challenged with hypoxia, FasL, or TNFα, confers resistance to chemotherapeutics, enhances tumor cell migration and invasion, and fosters a cancer stem cell phenotype. The work presented in this …

Prognostic Importance Of Pten, Egfr, Her-2, And Igf-1r In Gastric Cancer Patients Treated With Postoperative Chemoradiation, Berri̇n Benli̇ Yavuz, Mehmet Koç, Sümeyye Kozacioğlu, Gül Kanyilmaz, Meryem Aktan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to describe the prognostic importance of epidermal growth factor (EGFR), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), human EGF receptor-2 (HER-2), and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in gastric cancer patients treated with postoperative chemoradiation therapy. Materials and methods: Sixty-nine patients treated with adjuvant chemoradiation therapy were retrospectively evaluated. Tumor samples were stained immunohistochemically. Results: All patients were treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy with concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy. Perineural invasion (PNI) (P = 0.042), prechemoradiation therapy albumin levels below 3.5 mg/dL (P = 0.011), and EGFR positivity (P = 0.008) had negative effects on overall survival …

Targeted Therapies For Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Xiaojuan Ai, Xialing Guo, Jun Wang, Andreea L Stancu, Patrick M N Joslin, Dianzheng Zhang, Shudong Zhu

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Lung cancer is a serious health problem and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, due to its high incidence and mortality. 85% of lung cancers are represented by the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Traditional chemotherapy has been the main treatment option in NSCLC. However, it is often associated with limited efficacy and overall poor patient survival. In recent years, molecular targeting has achieved great progress in therapeutic treatment of cancer and plays a crucial role in the current clinical treatment of NSCLC, due to enhanced efficacy on cancer tissues and reduced toxicity for normal tissues. In this review, …